NKG2D is an activating receptor expressed on various immune cells' surfaces.Currently,eight ligands have been found,they can be divided into two kinds:MHC Ⅰ related protein and ULBP molecules.NKG2D receptors and their respective ligands differentially exist in normal and cancerous tissues.So far,many researchers have found that a lot of immune cells' anti-tumor mechanism is mediated by NKG2D receptor and it can't be replaced in the resistance to the development of carcinoma.adoptive immunotherapy is a new method of treating cancer that propose to find tumor-specific cytotoxicity immune cells and enlarge the amount of it,then injected into human body to resist tumor.Recently,many researchers have found that DNT cells (CD4-CD8-T 细胞)have the function of anti-tumor;sadly its mechanisms are unclear.After the summary of NKG2D receptor-mediated pathway of destruction,this paper try to analyze its relevance to DNT cells' killing effect,on the purpose of finding the Killing mechanism of DNT cells that may existed.

Objective To explore the clinical value of laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy in repeat surgery for hepatolithiasis. Methods The clinical data on 86 patients who had undergone repeat surgery for hepatolithiasis during January 2010 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. 36 patients received laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy(laparoscopy group),while 50 patients received laparotomy(laparotomy group). Surgical duration,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative transfusion,stone clearance rates,length of postopera-tive hospital stay,and rate of complications were observed and analyzed. Results There were no significant differ-ences in surgical duration,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative transfusion,stone clearance rates,and rate of complications between the two groups(P>0.05). Length of postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the laparoscopy group than in the laparotomy group(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in recurrence rates of stone and cholangitis within the follow-up period(P>0.05). Conclusions Use of laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy in repeat surgery for hepatolithiasis is safe and feasible and has a satisfactory efficacy.

Objective Resarech on the correlation between serum tumor markers CA19-9,CEA,CAS0 and the early diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer.Methods To compare the serum levels of the CA19-9,CEA,CA50 in 51 patients with pancreatic cancer,10 benign tumor patients and 12 chronic pancreatitis patients admitted to the Department of general surgery,Anhui Provincial Hospital from January 2013 to October 2015.Results CA19-9 expression in different stages of pancreatic cancer and other pancreatic diseases were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The difference of CEA and CA50 expression in pancreatic cancer and other pancreatic diseases was statistically significant (P＜0.05).But the CEA in stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ,stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅲ,stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ patients with clear expression of the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).The was no significant difference in the expression of CA50 in pancreatic cancer stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P ＞ 0.05).The positive rate of CA19-9 in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer was higher than that of CEA and CA50.The positive rate of CA19-9,CEA,CAS0 and were the highest in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.Conclusions The expression levels of CA19-9,CEA and CA50 in serum have a certain relevance to the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer,and the value of CA19-9 is the highest in the stage of pancreatic cancer.

Purpose To investigate the effect of resveratrol on acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice.Methods Acute lung injury (ALI) was induced by LPS in mice. The changes of lung airway inspiratory resistance (Ri), expiratory resistance (Re), and dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) were observed with pulmonary function test apparatus. Brochoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected, and the concentrations of interleukin 1β (IL-1β)、interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factory α (TNF-α) were measured by ELISA. The ratio of wet to dry weight was calculated to assess lung edema. Pulmonary vascular permeability was examined with injection Evans blue to judge the destructive extent of alveolar epithelial cell and endothelial. Pathological section was made, and the histopathological change was observed with light microscope.Results Resveratrol can inhibit the elevation of Ri and Re, and the descent of Cdyn. Simultaneously, resveratrol reduced the concentration of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α,as well as the wet to dry weight ratio and the pulmonary vascular permeability significantly. Furthermore, it also could attenuate the lung injury on histopathology.Conclusion The results show that pretreatment with resveratrol has a protective effect on ALI induced by LPS. The ultimate inhibiting and release of inflammatory factors were involved in the mechanism of the effects.

Objective To explore the efficacy and adverse reactions of improved VTD regimen (pirarubicin combined with vincristine and dexamethasone) plus low-dose thalidomide in patients of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma(MM).Methods Twenty-nine cases of newly diagnosed MM were enrolled in this study.The improved VTD regimen was intravenous injection vincristine 2 mg/d on the first day,intravenous drip pirarubicin 20-30 mg/d from the first day to the second day,and intravenous drip dexamethasone 8 mg/d from the first day to the tenth day.Twenty-eight days was one course of treatment.Response and adverse reactions were evaluated after 4 course of treatment.On the first day of chemotherapy,all the patients were orally administered thalidomide 50 mg/d.Three days later,thalidomide was added to 100 mg/d and chronically maintained if toxicities could be tolerated.Results There were 3 cases(10.3％) in complete response,12 cases (41.2％) in very good partial response,10 cases (34.5％) in partial response,3 cases (10.3％) in stable disease,and 1 case(3.5％) in progressive disease.The overall response rate was 86.2％.Main adverse reactions were myelosuppression,asthenia and constipation,all could be tolerated.Conclusion It has significant response rate and less side effects of improved VTD regimen plus low-dose thalidomide for the patients of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma,and deserves further clinical practice.

Objective Cloning and expression of Par6A.Methods Par6A cDNA was amplified from rat L6 skeletal muscle cells by RT-PCR and the cloning and expression vectors of Par6A were constructed.The expression vector was transfected into 293 cells.Furthermore,the function of Par6A was confirmed by Co-immunoprecipitation.Results Par6A cDNA with approximately 1 kb in length was successfully amplified,and the expression vector of pDsRed-Express-N1-Par6A was constructed.The red fluorescene was seen under fluorescent microscope after 293ET cells were transfected for 24 h using the pDsRed-Express-N1-Par6A vector.The expressed Par6A protein can interacte with PKC?.Conclusion We successfully cloned the Par6A cDNA from rat L6 skeletal muscle cells,which provided a reliable method to study the function of Par6A.

Objective:To investigate the effect of the extract of Schisandra chinensis on the matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs) system in kidney tissue of the diabetic rats,and to explore its protective effect on the kidney tissue from the matrix degradation perspective.Methods:STZ was used to establish rat models of diabetes mellitus.A total of 45 diabetic rats were randomly divided into model group,extract of Schisandra chinensis group and Benazepril group,and there were 15 rats in each group.Another 15 rats were selected and used as normal control group.12 weeks after administration,the routine blood and urine biochemical indexes,the histological changes,blood glucose (BG),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),serum creatinine(Scr),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterin(LDL-C),total cholesterol(T-CHO),and triglyceride(TG) levels,excretion rates of albuminuria and proteinuria of the rats in various groups were detected;the expression amounts of fibronectin (FN),type Ⅳ collagen (Col Ⅳ),and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) in kidney tissue of the rats were detected by immunohistochemical method;the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) was detected by zymography.Results:Compared with model group,the glomeruli matrix accumulation of the rats in extract of Schisandra chinensis group was significantly improved,the excretion rate of albuminuria,LDL-C level and serum MDA level were decreased(P<0.05),the activities of CAT(P<0.01)and SOD(P<0.05)in kidney tissue were increased,and the level of MDA in kidney tissue was decreased(P<0.05).The immunohistochemistry results showed that compared with model group,the expression amounts of FN,Col Ⅳ,and TIMP-2 in kidney tissue of the rats in extract of Schisandra chinensis group were significantly decreased.The zymography results showed that compared with model group,the activity of MMP-2 in kidney tissue of the rats in extract of Schisandra chinensis group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Extract of Schisandra chinensis has protective effect on the kidney tissue of the diabetic rats induced by STZ,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of oxidative stress and the improvement of MMP-2 activity as well as the inhibition of TIMP-2 expression which could improve the matrix degradation.

Objectives To explore the correlation between the cerebrospinal fluid protein and facial paralysis in pa?tients with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Methods Clinical and biochemical data of 111 patients with GBS in depart?ment of neurology from January 2005 to September 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. According to facial paralysis, GBS patients were divided into the facial normal and paralysis groups. Their clinical and biochemical characteristics were compared between the two groups. According to level of cerebrospinal fluid protein, GBS patients were divided into cerebrospinal fluid protein normal, mild high and severe high groups. Incidences of facial paralysis were compared among these three groups. The correlation between the cerebrospinal fluid protein and facial paralysis was analyzed. Results There was no significant difference in gender, age, respiratory infection and other clinical symptoms (P>0.05), whereas there were statistically significant differences in cerebrospinal fluid protein, immunoglobulin G, and cerebrospinal fluid albumin/serum albumin ratio between the facial normal and paralysis groups (P<0.05). Among the three groups by differ?ent levels of cerebrospinal fluid protein, there were statistically significant differences in the incidence of facial paralysis (F=3.48,P=0.03). Cerebrospinal fluid protein was positively correlated with facial paralysis (r=0.288,P<0.01). Conclu? sions The incidence of facial paralysis is associated with the levels of cerebrospinal fluid protein. Thus, cerebrospinal flu?id protein may be helpful in monitoring of GBS patients with facial paralysis.

@@

@@