ObjectiveTo discuss the diagnosis method and management of Gallbladder polypoeid lesions (GPL).MethodA ten-year (2002-2011) retrospective reviews of all patients result underwent in ultrosenography (US) was conducted.ResultsTotal 591 peatients with GPL detected on US were identified,349 patients (59.1％) were women,the age ranges 20 to 93 years.395 patients had abdominal symtoms,of which 39.9％ patients had a single polyp and 9.8％ had gallstones.The specifisity of the diagnosis of GPL in US was 92.5 ％.Laparascopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the treatment of 136 chosen cases.In cases suspicious of malignancy,it is advisable to do cholecystectomy.ConclusionsMost small GPL are benign and remain static for years.Age more than 50 years old and size of polyp more than 10 mm are the two main important risk factors predicting malignancy in GPL.Other risk factors include concurrent gallstones,solitary polyp,and symptomatic polyp.LC is the treatment of unless since the suspicion of malignancy is high.

Objective To investigate the clinical features,surgical treatment and prognosis of female breast cancer patients under 35 years.MethodsThe clinical data of 140 cases of female breast cancer patients in the young group ( ≤ 35 years) and 326 cases of female breast cancer patients in the control group ( 45 - 59years) undergoing surgical treatment from 2002 to 2009 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.All the data were analyzed with the statistical software of SPSS13.0.ResultsThe difference between the 2 groups had no statistical significance in tumor size or pathologic types( P ＞0.05).The axillary lymph node metastasis rate was obviously higher in the young group than in the control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Modified radical mastectomy and breast-conserving surgery were mainly performed.The proportion of patients in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ in the young group was higher than that in the control group.The positive rate of ER and PR was lower while the positive rate of HER-2 was higher in the young group than those in the control group( P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsBreast cancer in young women has the features of high clinical stage,high lymph node metastasis rate,low positive rate of ER and PR,high positive rate of HER-2,high recurrence rate and poor prognosis.The treatment principle of the diseaseis comprehensive therapies mainly based on surgical treatment.

Objective To discuss the standard diagnosis and treatment for thyroid nodule.Methods 2 581 patients with thyroid nodule from 2005 to 2009 were studied.Common methods of examination and treatment were analyzed to avoid over-examination and over-treatment.Results 90%of the patients underwent ultrasound examination with a 92.9%sensitivity and 44.3%specificity when there were two or more risk characters.All patients underwent certain kinds of surgery according to their clinical conditions.The recurrence rate was 4%two and half years after lateral thyroid adenectomy or thyroid surgery without excision of thyroid isthmus.Conclusions There are many approaches to thyroid nodule examination and treatment,in which ultrasound is recommended for preoperative examination because of its higher sensitivity,specificity and lower cost,and surgery is still the most useful and effective treatment.Choosing the proper method for thyroid nodule diagnosis and treatment is the key point to avoid over-examination and over-treatment.

Objective To evaluate the effects of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) application to dorsal root ganglia on the expression of interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) in the spinal cord and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein in the nucleus accumbens of rats with neuropathic pain (NP).Methods Forty healthy pathogen-free male Wistar rats,weighing 180-200 g,aged 2 months,were divided into 4 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group Sham),group NP,sham PRF group (group SPRF) and PRF group.NP was induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) to the left sciatic nerve of anesthetized rats.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured before CCI and at 3,7,10,14,21,28,35 and 42 days after CCI.Sucrose preference test and forced-swim test were performed at 42 days after CCI for determination of the expression of IRF8 in the spinal cord and BDNF in the nucleus accumbens by Western blot.Results Compared with group Sham,the MWT at each time point after CCI and rate of preference for sucrose were significantly decreased,the duration of immobility in forced-swim test was prolonged,and the expression of IRF8 and BDNF was up-regulated in NP,SPRF and PRF groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group NP,the MWT at 10-42 days after CCI and rate of preference for sucrose were significantly increased,the duration of immobility in forced-swim test was shortened,and the expression of IRF8 and BDNF was down-regulated in group PRF (P＜0.05),and no significant changes were found in the parameters mentioned above in group SPRF (P＞O.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which PRF application to dorsal root ganglia alleviates NP and depressive-like behaviors is probably related to down-regulation of the expression of IRF8 in the spinal cord and BDNF in the nucleus accumbens of rats.

Objective:To analyze the medication law of external application of TCM in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris (PV) by using data mining method.Methods:Clinical controlled trial literature about external application of TCM in the treatment of PV was retrieved from CNKI, VIP, WanFang, SinoMed, PubMed and Cochrane Library from the establishment of the databases to May 23, 2022. Prescriptions were extracted after screening. TCM inheritance computing platform V3.0 was used to analyze the property, taste, meridian, efficacy, use frequency, common medicinal pairs and the core combinations.Results:A total 186 prescriptions were included, involving 190 kinds of Chinese materia medica. The medicines were mostly bitter and cold in property and taste, mainly belonging to the liver and heart meridians. Heat-clearing drugs were mainly used, followed by blood circulation-activating and stasis-eliminating medicines, and tonic medicines. The ten most frequently used medicines were Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, Dictamni Cortex, Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex, Kochiae Fructus, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Salviea Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Poria, Rehmannine Radix, and Arnebiae Radix; the 3 commonly used medicinal pairs were Sophorae Flavescentis Radix- Dictamni Cortex, Sophorae Flavescentis Radix- Cnidii Fructus, and Sophorae Flavescentis Radix- Kochiae Fructus; 4 combinations were obtained through evolution. Conclusions:External application of TCM for the treatment of PV is around the core pathogenesis of "heat toxin", mainly treating from the blood, including cooling blood and detoxifcation, activating blood circulation and removing stasis, nourishing the blood and moistening dryness. Clearing heat and drying dampness, dispelling wind and relieving itching are also valued. The treating thoughts can provide some references for clinical treatment.