The treatment of spinal cord injury is always a stubborn problem for neurosurgeons because nerve cell cannot regenerate by itself and the glia scar can prevent the axonal regeneration. Therefore, to decrease the neuron death and formation of scar and to increase axonal regeneration are the keys for clinical treatment. Many studies showed that the olfactory ensheathing cells(OEC) can promote axonal regeneration and prover axonal growth,bringing hope for treament of spine injury, but the result is not satisfactory in clinic. In order to improve the clinical effect of OES transplantation many studies combine it with genetic engineering and tissue engineering and some progress is made.

BACKGROUND:Valgus knee deformity is rare in the clinic. The therapeutic effects of artificial knee arthroplasty are worse than varus knee deformity. There is no unified opinion for replacement approach, soft tissue release method and procedure and prosthetic choice at present.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize case data and to observe clinical effects of total knee arthroplasty for valgus knee deformity.
METHODS:Clinical data of 37 cases of valgus knee deformity (42 knees) undergoing total knee arthroplasty, who were treated by the same group of physicians in the First Department of Orthopedics, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2010 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 11 males (13 knees) and 26 females (29 knees), at the age from 56 to 78 years, with an average age of 63.7 years. The differences in range of motion, femorotibial angle and Hospital for Special Surgery knee score were compared before and after replacement. Clinical effects of total knee arthroplasty for valgus knee deformity were evaluated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The postoperative fol ow-up lasted from 6 to 36 months. Knee joint range of motion increased from preoperative 68.5° to an average of postoperative 108.5°. Femorotibial angle reduced from preoperative 16.82° to postoperative 5.62° on average. The average Hospital for Special Surgery knee score increased from preoperative 39 points to postoperative 88 points (P<0.05). These results suggested that the curative effect of total knee arthroplasty for valgus knee deformity is proved. Total knee arthroplasty is an effective way to improve deformity.

BACKGROUND:Both correspondence analysis and two-step cluster analysis are high-grade statistical analysis, the introduction of these analyses into the research on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome type of knee osteoarthritis wil provide objective evidence for the standardization and normalization of TCM syndrome type, through the combination of mathematical statistical principle and TCM syndrome type.
OBJECTIVE:To explore distribution characteristics of knee osteoarthritis TCM syndrome type using correspondence analysis and two-step cluster analysis.
METHODS:The clinical symptoms of 200 patients with knees osteoarthritis were investigated through a knee osteoarthritis symptoms questionnaire. According to the criteria for three kinds of syndrome type issued in Diagnostic Criteria for TCM Syndrome, the characteristics of each syndrome were analyzed using two-step cluster analysis and corresponding analysis. Then knee osteoarthritis TCM syndrome type characteristics were defined.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Cluster analysis is ineffective for the syndrome type, which is not present in the Diagnostic Criteria for TCM Syndrome. Corresponding analysis showed that, in addition to kidney marrow deficiency syndrome (50.5%), yang deficiency and congealing syndrome (13.5%), and blood stasis syndrome (23%), concurrent syndromes were also found, including kidney marrow deficiency combined yang deficiency and congealing syndrome (6.5%), yang deficiency and congealing combined blood stasis syndrome (3%), kidney marrow deficiency combined blood stasis syndrome (3.5%). Therefore we performed corresponding analysis. After analyzing the syndromes at 0.5, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 radius, the most reasonable syndrome was those at 1.1 radius by corresponding analysis. Corresponding analysis is a scientific method for the classification of knee osteoarthritis syndrome.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a kind of stem cells with multi-directional differentiation ability and play an important role in the healing of fractures. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore how to promote the BMSCs migration in vivo, thereby promoting bone defect repair.OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of different concentrations of musk ketone on in vivo migration of exogenous BMSCs, and to preliminarily explore the mechanism of fracture healing and cited theory.METHODS:A rat model of skull defects was made. Passage 3 BMSCs were harvested by using adherence method,labeled with DAPI, and then injected via the tail vein into the model rats. After that, the rats were intragastrically administrated with 0 (blank control), 42 (low dose), 84 (middle dose), 168 μL/kg (high dose) musk ketone, respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The number of exogenous BMSCs in the defect region, and the expression of stem cell factor and Fractalkine showed a significant increase in the low- and middle-dose groups compared with the high-dose and blank control groups. These findings indicate that the low- and middle-dose musk ketone can promote the in vivo migration of exogenous stem cells.

Objective To study the effects of musk on the expressions of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the rat model of skull bone defect.Methods We constructed the bone defect model by dental drilling into the full skull of 300 SD rats (150 males and 150 females).The model animals were divided with completely random method into model group and drug group,with 150 in each.The two groups were further divided according to drug administration time into 7,14 and 28 d groups,respectively,with 50 in each.The drug group received perfusion of natural musk every day (4.2 mg/100 g) while the model group received perfusion of normal saline of the same volume every day.FGF-2 mRNA and EGF mRNA expressions in skull bone defect were determined using Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR method.Results EGF mRNA expression at 7 d and 14 d was higher in the drug group than in the model group,but with no significant difference.EGF mRNA expression at 28 d decreased to the lowest level,with a significant difference (P＜0.05).FGF-2 mRNA expression in the drug group reached the highest at 7 d,with a significant difference (P＜0.05),and decreased at 14 and 28 d without significant difference.Conclusion Musk administered at different time points can effectively promote the healing rate of the bone defect area of the rat skull,and the mechanism of this repair is mainly related to the increased FGF-2 mRNA expression and the decreased EGF mRNA expression.

BACKGROUND:In recent years, in-depth studies that single Chinese herbs or extracts, compound traditional Chinese medicine and medicated serum are used to regulate the directional differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels into myofibroblasts, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, myocardial cels and nerve cels, which have become a highlight in the tissue engineering research. OBJECTIVE:To review the latest progress in the directional differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels induced by Chinese herbs or their extracts. METHODS:The first author searched the CNKI, Wanfang and PubMed databases using the keywords of “Chinese herb, directional differentiation, mesenchymal stem cels” in Chinese and English, respectively, to retrieve relevant articles published from January 2010 to January 2016. Repetitive articles or those with no originality were eliminated. Totaly 99 articles were searched initialy, and then 43 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:As the strongest seed cels in the bone differentiation system, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels have a wide range of directional differentiation potential, and highlight the important value in combination with Chinese herbs for clinical treatment of various refractory diseases, especialy for treatment of metabolic bone diseases, bone defects, nonunion and delayed union, which is not only conducive to in-depth, multi-angle studies on effects and mechanisms of Chinese herbs, but also to clinical treatment of various refractory diseases using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels. Cite this article:Li N, Li YF, Xie XW, Song M, Xu SH, Li DP.Directional differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel induced by traditional Chinese Medicine. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2016;20(1):135-139.

The design principle and application of an adjustable spine prone frame are introduced. Adjustable spine prone frame is used in posterior lumbar surgery, during operation, X-ray can shoot fast and internal fixation implants can fix accurately, the vacant abdominal ensure normal respiratory and circulatory function, and the lumbar curvature can adjust conveniently. It meets the surgical position and care requirements, can prevent the complications effectively.
Equipment Design ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Orthopedic Procedures ; instrumentation ; Prone Position

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate clinical manifestations of 21 patients with subclinical pituitary apoplexy and their diagnosis and treatment.

METHODClinical data from 21 patients with subclinical pituitary apoplexy treated from October 1989 to November 2001 were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSTheir clinical manifestations included chronic headache, visual deficit and field cut. Three patients showed no clinical signs. Microsurgery was performed in 20 patients, of whom 3 were treated by emergency operation. Microsurgery included transsphenoidal decompression in 17 patients, and transpterioral approach in 3. One patient was given conservative therapy, and 12 were given endocrine replacement therapy. Nineteen patients recovered with marked visual improvement (7), partial improvement (8), no changes (4); deterioration was noted in 1.

CONCLUSIONSSubclinical pituitary apoplexy characterized by atypical clinical manifestations may be misdiagnosed or in appropriately treated. MRI is superior to CT scan for the diagnosis of subclinical pituitary apoplexy. Patients with persistent chiasmatic syndromes are indicated for emergency surgery. Endocrine replacement and transsphnoidal decompression are effective for the improvement of severe visual disturbance.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pituitary Apoplexy ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in clinic. It has high mortality and disability rate. Effective neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with limb salvage surgery can improve the 5-year survival rate of OS patients. Drug resistance or low sensitivity of tumor cells is the most common cause of postoperative local recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, the sensitivity of OS cells to chemotherapy drugs is of great value to the prognosis of the patients. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine has been widely used because of high efficiency and low toxicity. A large number of studies have confirmed that part of traditional Chinese medicine can reverse the chemotherapy resistance of OS cells by regulating the ABC transmembrane transport protein system. This article gives an overview of its related mechanisms and latest developments.

OBJECTIVE: To improve the diagnostic and therapeutic efficiency for secondary laryngeal tuberculosis through an analysis on the clinical features of patients with this disease. METHOD: A retrospective study was made among 49 cases with laryngeal tuberculosis treated in Tibetan General Hospital of Chinese PLA, and the clinical data were carefully analyzed to summarize the clinical experience of this disease. RESULT: Of 49 patients, 24 cases had 1 year history, 11 cases had 1 to 3 years, 9 cases had 3 to 5 years, 5 cases had 5 years or more. Thirty-eight patients had the history of tuberculosis and 11 had none. Thirty-four patients had taken anti-tuberculosis drugs but none had standard therapy as demanded. All cases had mild general symptoms (mild fever, night sweats, weight loss, et al) and atypical local symptoms (hoarseness, sore throat). Therefore, 42 cases were misdiagnosed as non-specific chronic laryngitis, of which 15 cases got worse after oral administration or inhaling of steroid hormones. Seven persons were misdiagnosed as laryngeal cancer. All patients were confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis by X ray exam or CT scanning. Twelve cases had strong positive PPD tests and 2 cases were detected positive by sputum smear. All patients was treated by standard systematic and local chemical therapy against tuberculosis (inhaling of antituberculosis drugs for 1 to 2 months). All were cured but one died in a road accident, and none had recurrence after 1- to 9- year follow-up. CONCLUSION All of those the patients with long period hoarseness and sore throat should take chest CT scan or X-ray exam for the highest incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis at high altitudes. CT scanning is the prefer for its high resolution. Pathological biopsy and diagnostic therapy should be taken to make accurate diagnosis. Usually steroid hormones should not be recommended.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Altitude ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibet ; Tuberculosis, Laryngeal ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Young Adult