BACKGROUND: Enthesiopathy, one of the three tough problems in sports medicine is a frequent disease in athletes;treatments to enthesiopathy determine the performance record and sports span of athletes in a big extent.DATA SOURCES: The relevant articles from 1990 to 2006 were searched for in NCBI Entrez PubMed by input the key words "enthesiopathy" and "tendinopathy" in English into a computer. Similarly, the relevant articles in Chinese from 1994 to 2006 were searched for in CNKI and Wangfang Data.STUDY SELECTION: Articles about preclinical and clinical research of enthesiopathy in athlete, the excluded articles were those about repetitive studies.DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 20 relevant literatures were collected, including 16 included articles and 4 excluded articles due to repetitive study.DATA SYNTHESIS: ① The main structure of ten-insertion which is very multiplicity contains 4 different tissues, the main function of it is to transmit and absorb shocks. ② So far it is not very clear about the etiopathogenisis and pathological change of enthesiopathy; It is considered that enthesiopathy actually is the result of decompensation in the ten-insertion and degeneration of collagen fiber and cartilaginous is the main pathological change; ③ Nonoperative therapy can abate the clinical symptom, but the curative effect is not affirmative.CONCLUSION: So far it is very clear about the anatomic structure of ten-insertion, but it is not very clear about the etiopathogenisis and pathological change of enthesiopathy and the relationship between enthesiopathy and apoptosis.Scientific and reliable therapies are scarce, strict design and random research of the existing therapies to enthesiopathy are very necessary; for importance, research and exploratory in other therapies including gene therapy and cell factor therapy is a very hopeful direction of the treatment in enthesiopathy.

Objective To know the effects of using performance assessment of nursing, and then summarize certain proper methods to control the quality of nursing. Methods Set up proper indexes of nursing performance assessment, building associated quality control system and standard, and then using them in the clinical nursing. Compared the effects of using performance assessment of nursing by the in-dexes such as nuring quality of hospital, nursing quality of department and head nurses' management mea-sures. Results The quality of nursing had significant better than before after using the performance as-sessment. There was a positive tendency of nursing quality from 2004 to 2008. Conclusions Performance assessment can effective promote the working efficacy, ameliate quality of nursing, fit the nursing targets, in-crease the nursing management efficacy and patients' satisfactory, and then increase the nursing quality in all the aspects, which is a kind of scientific management model.

Objective To compare the differences of insomnia prescription laws between ancient and mordern acupuncture. Methods Collected ancient and mordern acupuncture treatment of insomnia prescriptions literature, using fourteen frequency, percentage of acupuncture acupoints, the points of the distribution and distribution in different parts of the body, the specific acupoint application and prescription features for statistical description. Results The ancient physicians selected points more dispersed, acupoints are mainly concentrated in the chest , abdomen and leg. Modern physicians point selection is relatively concentrated, prescription relatively fixed, the acupoints are mainly concentrated in the head and neck and lower limb;acupoints are mainly concentrated in the Urinary bladder meridian of foot Taiyang, the ancient physicians also more choice of Ren pointss, modern physicians are more optional Du points. Conclusion The physicians prescriptions are quite different, but in the meridian points and the type of use is similar, mostly concentrated in the selection of points Urinary bladder meridian of foot Taiyang, especially the five Shu points. Du, Ren, Spleen meridian and Stomach meridian of Foot Yangming using positive significance for the treatment of insomnia by acupuncture choice.

Nucleic acid aptamer is an oligonucleotide generated by the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX)process from oligonucleotide library.Nucleic acid aptamer can bind to various targets with high specificity and can recognize or inhibit the biological activity of targeting molecular. Glioma-specific aptamers are developed by either targeting the glioma cells or known biomarkers,which can be coupled with nanoparticles,drugs or molecular probes,and can be applied in the imaging,targeted therapy and drug delivery of glioma.

Objective: To observe the value of a mammogram mass detection system based on deep learning (DL) in diagnosis of breast masses. Methods: Data of 298 females who underwent mammography examination were retrospectively analyzed. The reference standards of mass detection were established by three senior radiologists. The lesion detection rate and detection stability of two radiologists with working time less than 5 years were compared and analyzed without (physician 1 and physician 2) or with artificial intelligence (AI) (physician 1+AI and physician 2+AI).Results: The lesion detection rate of physician 1+AI and physician 2+AI were all higher than that of physician 1 and physician 2 (both P<0.05). The detection rate of physician+AI was not affected by American college of radiology (ACR) breast density, breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS), mass shape and mass density, etc (all P>0.05). Conclusion: The mammogram mass detection system based on DL can effectively improve mass detection rate of junior radiologists, and enhance the robustness of detection rate of different type masses.

0.05). The interobserver variability in DSCT measurements was lower than in RT-3DE measurements in indexed left atrial volume and function. Conclusion DSCT can provide not only the information of coronary artery,but also highly reliable measurements of left atrial phasic volume and function at the same time.

Objective To explore the curative effect and safety of CTLA-4Ig transgene for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Methods The adenovirus loaded CTLA-4Ig was injected into Wistar rat EAE models through the lateral cerebral ventricle. The clinical symptomatic and electrophysiological changes were observed to judge the efficiency of CTLA-4Ig. Results After injection of AdCTLA-4Ig into the lateral cerebral ventricle of Wistar rat EAE models, the time of EAE onset was delayed and the incidence rate was significantly reduced. And the transductive function tested by brain-stem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) was obviously improved. Conclusion CTLA-4Ig is effective in managing EAE.

The ideal molecular imaging probe should have characteristics of specificity,sensitivity and safety.Aptamers are sing-strand DNA or RNA oligonucleotides which can bind their targets with high specificity and high affinity.Aptamers are new types of molecular imaging probe because they have many advantages,such as their large sum of possible targets,small molecule weights,easily production and modification,low immuno-genicity,high tissue penetration and so on.Now more and more aptamers research on tumor molecular imaging provides a new technology and tool for tumor diagnosis and therapy.

Objective To study the curative effects and adverse effects of the thalidomide combined with COMP chemotherapy in treating multiple myeloma(MM).Methods 42 patients were initially diagnosed as MM and 27 patients were refractory and relapsed MM.The small dose of thalidomide combined with COMP management and COMP management alone were used.The effective rate and adverse effects were analyzed.Changes of M-protein in serum,percentage of plasma cells in bone marrow and the level of hemoglobin were also analyzed in both pre-treatment and post-treatment periods.Results In 42 patients who were initially diagnosed as MM,the effective rate was 40.9% for 22 patients treated by chemotherapy alone and 70.0% for 20 patients treated by the thalidomide combined with chemotherapy.Statistic difference was observed between those two group.As to the 27 patients who were refractory and relapsed MM,the effective rate was 42.9% for 13 patients treated by chemotherapy alone and 84.6% for 14 patients treated by the thalidomide combined with chemotherapy.Statistic significance was present between them.Adverse effects were less and tolerated.Conclusion Treatment of small dose of thalidomide combined with COMP chemotherapy could significantly improve the effective rate with less adverse effects.

Objective To explore the risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)infection of refractory wound,and provide reference for clinical prevention and control.Methods Clinical data of patients who were isolated Staphylococcus aureus (SA)from wound at the burn ward in a hospital from January 2006 to December 2013 were analyzed,patients were divided into four groups according to whether the isolated SA were MRSA and whether SA were from refractory wound or from non-refractory wound.Risk factors for MRSA infection of refractory wound were analyzed. Results A total of 112 isolates of SA were isolated from wound,statistical differences existed in the length of hospital stay,recent invasive operation,and recent antimicrobial use between patients in refractory wound MRSA group and refrac-tory wound methicillin-sensitive SA (MSSA)group (all P <0.05);non-conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that length of hospital stay>30 days (OR 95% CI :1.14-30.69)and recent invasive operation (OR 95% CI :1.41 -17.84) were independent risk factors for refractory wound MRSA infection.There were statistically differences in previous MRSA infection,burn depth,recent operation and recent antimicrobial use between refractory wound MRSA group and non-refrac-tory wound MRSA group(all P <0.05);non-conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that recent antimicrobial use (OR 95% CI :2.080-26.800)was independent risk factor for the persistence of MRSA infection of refractory wound. Conclusion Shortening the length of hospital stay,reducing invasive operation,and using antimicrobial agents ra-tionally are helpful for the prevention and control of MRSA infection of refractory wound.