Abstract: With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, small molecule generation models have emerged as a significant research direction in the field of drug discovery. These models, including Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), and diffusion models, have proven to possess remarkable capabilities in optimizing drug properties and generating complex molecular structures. This article comprehensively analyzes the application of the aforementioned advanced technologies in the drug discovery process, demonstrating how they supplement and enhance traditional drug design methods. At the same time, it addresses the challenges facing current methods in terms of data quality, model complexity, computational cost, and generalization ability, with a prospect of future research directions.

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of modified sural neuro-fasciocutaneous perforator flap in reconstruction of foot and ankle soft tissue defects.Methods:Sixteen patients undergoing the modified flap for foot and ankle reconstruction were included in this study between June, 2016 and June, 2018. The 16 patients were 11 males and 5 females with an average age of 32.5 (range 21 to 51) years. Ten defects were in heel and 6 in ankle and dorsal side of foot. A "Z" -shape skin incision was performed to explore the perforator vessels. A peroneal-based perforator, a superficial vein, and the vascular axis of the sural nerve were included in the pedicle. A relaying island perforator flap was used to close the donor site without skin graft. Follow-up was carried out through outpatient service, telephone follow-up and Wechat photo transmission.Results:The patients were followed-up for 12 to 18 months. All flaps survived completely without complications. The colour, texture and apperance of the flaps were good. The area of the flaps ranged from 12 cm×5 cm to 30 cm×15 cm. The diameter of the pedicle ranged from 1 to 2 cm. No complication occurred in the donor sites. A relaying perforator island flaps were used in 10 cases for donor site closure and without a skin graft. All cases were satisfied with appearance and function at the final followed-up.Conclusion:It is possible to use the modified sural neuro-fasciocutaneous perforator flap to repair foot and ankle soft tissue defects. A relaying island perforator flap can be used as a relaying flap to cover the donor site without skin graft.