[Objective]To detect the effect of Etanercept on the Ti particles induced TNF-?IL-1 and IL-6 production by macrophage and to evaluate the validity of the etanercept on treatment of aseptic loosening of prosthesis.[Method]Separate and Cultivate mouse peritoneal macrophages were divide into 5 groups after 24 h.Group A was treated with M? alone,group B with M?+Ti particles,group C with M?+Ti particles + etanercept(10 ng/ml),group D with M? Ti particles + etanercept(100 ng/ml),group E with M? + Ti particles + etanercept(1000 ng/ml).After 18 h,the production of TNF-? IL-1 and IL-6 in culture supernatants was detected by ELISA.[Result]The levels of TNF-? IL-1 and IL-6 production were much higher in group B than those in group A,D,E(P0.05).[Conclusion]Is shows the Ti particles could stimulate M? to excrete profuse TNF-? IL-1 and IL-6 production,etanercept can significantly inhibited the production of TNF-? IL-1 and IL-6 secreted by Ti particles induced macrophages in a dose-dependent manner and hope to be a therapeutic candidate for the prevention of aseptic loosening.

A 69-year-old man with fever,pulmonary nodules,joint pain and superficial lymphadenopathy was admitted to our hospital.The patient had a history of ten year hypertension.She smoked a pack of cigarettes daily for forty years and quitted for fifteen years.Family history of coronary heart disease,diabetes,cancer or other diseases was negative.Chest CT showed a nodule in the left lung lower lobe.Percutaneous lung biopsy revealed a large number of atypical B cell proliferation and infiltration which involved the vessel wall.The atypical B-cell phenotype and genotype was EBERs (+),CD20 (+),CD30 (+),CD15 (-).The patient was diagnosed as pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG),an angiodestructive and angioinvasive lymphoproliferative disorder which is an Epstein-Barr virus associated B cell disorder with reactive T lymphocytes.The patient received six courses of chemotherapy.In this rare case,misdiagnosis of LYG often occurred due to the complex clinical presentation and non-specific imaging.Percutaneous or open lung biopsy is the main choice in the diagnosis of LYG.

Objective Degenerative lumbar scoliosis is frequent clinic spine malformation ,and it is complicated by lumbar inter-vertebral disc ,joint of lumbar vertebra cataplasia and lumbar spinal stenosis .The aim of this paper is to study surgical therapeutic regimen for analyzing clinic feature of degenerative lumbar scoliosis .Methods We comprehended symptom and analyzed imageology feature for lumbar spinal stenosis through reviewing 48 cases of operation from August 2003 to August 2010 ,and then approached its therapeutic principle and regimen .Results There were good therapeutic effect on the basis of comprehending degenerative lum-bar scoliosis and designing different treatment plan by different case feature .Conclusion Ii is need to know degenerative lumbar scoliosis again ,in order to work out individual therapeutic regimen based on clinic feather ,process segment ,state of spinal stenosis , angle of lumbar scoliosis ,degree of vertebra rotation and lumbar destabilizing .

Objective To analyze the pathologically confirmed pulmonary Actinomycosis in the 11 patients in focusing on clinical features and mis-diagnostic reasons so as to improve physicians' awareness of this rare disease and reduce the misdiagnosis.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 11 cases with pathologically confirmed pulmonary Actinomycosis during January 2003-August 2015.The clinical data and main causes of misdiagnosis in these cases were collected and analyzed.Results The study included 11 patients with a mean age of(53.0 ± 11.6.0)years.Among the 11 cases,8 (72.7 ％) patients had complications,6 (54.5 ％) were current or ex-smokers.Main clinical manifestations of 11 cases were cough(11/11,100.0 ％),sputum(11/11,100.0 ％),hemoptysis (7/11,63.6％),chest pain(6/11,54.5％)and fever(3/11,27.3％).Ten patients presented with one lobe of lung lesions,including 4 patients in the lower lobe and 3 in the upper lobe of the left lung,2 in the upper lobe and 1 in the lower lobe of the right lung.While,the remained one case presented with lesion locating in right main bronchus.Iconography often presented as pulmonary mass shadow,consolidation shadow,spicule sign,lobulation sign,hilar and/or mediastinal lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion.Vacuolar lesions were observed in some of the focuses.Flexible bronchoscopy was performed in 8 (72.7％)patients.Among them,7 patients showed mucosal swelling and congestion,luminal occlusion with purulence secretion,2 cases with polypoid neoplasm.Initial misdiagnosis rate were 100％ (11/11),among which 7 cases were misdiagnosed as lung cancer,2 cases as fungus infection,and 1 case as pulmonary tuberculosis and 1 case as pneumonia,respectively.All patients were definitely diagnosed by biopsy finding an evidence of hyphae of Actinomycosis in lung tissue specimens.The definitive diagnosis was made by CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy in 4 cases,by transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB)in 5 cases and by thoracotomy or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) in 1 case respectively.Actinomycosis in most patients was cured with high-dose penicillin administration over a prolonged period.Conclusions The diagnosis of pulmonary Actinomycosis remains challenging via its non-specific clinical symptoms and iconography features,and the presence of comorbidity may further increase the difficulty and complexity of diagnosis,leading to delaying-or mistaking-diagnosis.Obtaining positively pathological specimens is diagnostic key.Transbronchial lung biopsy through a bronchoscope and CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy are the priority methods.

Objective To verify BMP-2 and VEGF gene activated nanobone paste can effectively enhance the vertebral bone of ovariectomized goat.Methods From January,2011 to May,2016,the goats had been neutered by ovariectomy 6 months earlier to induceosteoporosis.Then surgery to established the model of vertebral bone defected with nanobone implanting,and the operation vertebrae divided randomly into 3 groups:control group,nanobone group and double gene activated nanobone group.Three months after operation the goats were sacrificed and removed the vertebrae.Micro CT analysis of micro three-dimensional structure of trabecular bone,scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of the two-dimensional structure of the vertebrae,the structure of trabecular bone was evaluated by movat pentachrome staining.Results The dual gene activated nanobone group compared with the nanobone group,the bone volume fraction (BV/TV) significantly increased (85％ at 1.2 mm vs 43％ at 1.2 mm,P ＜ 0.05);the dual gene activated nanobone group compared with nanobone group,in the largest ROI (1.2 mm),TbTh increased 10.9％ (374 ± 26.2 μm vs 337 ± 22.3 μm,P ＜ 0.05);Trabecular distribution coefficient (TbPf) was significantly decreased (7.519 ± 0.184 mm-1 vs 7.529 ± 0.261 mm-1,P ＜ 0.05);In the largest ROI (0.8 mm),trabecular distribution coefficient (TbPf) was significantly decreased (283 ± 36.4 μm vs 327 ± 31.2 μm,P ＜ 0.05),In the largest ROI (0.8 mm),the trabecular bone volume (Tbn) was increased 20％(1.404 ± 0.283 mm-1 vs 1.173 ± 0.224 mm-1,P ＜ 0.05);Cortical thickness over the implantation area showed asignificant increase of 43％ in vertebrae(P ＜ 0.05);The histological analysis revealed a more extensive osseointegration of the dual gene activated nanobone group,with the presence of anabundant osteoid tissue and an osteoblastic celllining.Conclusion BMP-2 and VEGF gene activated nano bone paste can effectively enhance the vertebral bone of ovariectomized goat.

Objective To investigate the activation of nuclear factor-B (NF-B)and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1)in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods Subjects were classified into mild-to-moderate OSHAS group (n = 16), severe OSAHS group (n = 14) and the matched control group (n=30). Gene and protein expressions of NF-B and HIF-1 were measured by RT-PCR, Western blot in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Results NF-κB p65 mRNA and NF-κB p65 protein,HIF-1α mRNA and HIF-1α protein in PBMC were significantly higher in severe OSAHS group than those in mild–to-moderate group and control group (P<0.01). But there were no significant difference in NF-κB p65 mRNA and NF-κB p65 protein between mild-to-moderate group and control group (P=0.068, P=0.254 respectively). Only gene (P<0.05) not the protein (P=0.777) of HIF-1αwas higher in mild-to-moderate as compared with control group. Both NF-κB p65 mRNA and HIF-1αmRNA were positively correlated with AHI (r=0.493, P=0.006, r=0.508, P=0.004), while negatively correlated with nighttime lowest blood oxygen saturation (LSaO2)(r=-0.488, P=0.006, r=-0.46, P=0.011). There was a positive correlation between NF-κB p65 protein level and AHI (r=0.669, P<0.001). HIF-1αprotein level was positively correlated with AHI, ODI (r=0.628, P=0.001;r=0.480, P=0.018). There were positive correlations between NF-κBp65mRNA and HIF-1αmRNA (r=0.543, P=0.002), NF-κBp65 and HIF-1αprotein respectively (r=0.716, P<0.001). Conclusions As the gene and protein of NF-κB and HIF-1 were up-regulated in patients with OSAHS, and also positively correlated with the severity of sickness. We conclude that both NF-κB and HIF-1 were involed in the pathogenesis of OSAHS.

AIM:To investigate the maturation of mice immature myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) induced by antigen(Ag)85B of mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the expression of TSLPR and OX40L mediated by TSLP in vitro. METHODS:Recombinant mouse GM-CSF ( rmGM-CSF) and rmIL-4 were used to induce bone marrow precursor cells of C57BL/6 mice to differentiate into immature mDCs in vitro.mDCs were identified followed by purification using CD 11c binding magnetic beads .The morphological characteristic of mDCs was observed under inverted phase-contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope .The surface phenotypes of mDCs were determined by flow cytometry .To obtain the opti-mal concentrations of Ag85B and TSLP, immature mDCs were cultured with different concentrations of Ag 85B or TSLP at 0 (control group), 50, 100 and 200 μg/L for 24 h, and the expression of cell surface molecules CD 80, CD86, TSLPR and OX40L was detected by flow cytometry.In addition, the expression of TSLPR and OX40L in Ag85B and TSLP-co-stimula-ted mDCs was determined by flow cytometry .RESULTS:After 7 d of culture in vitro, the cells showed irregular dendritic protrusions under the inverted-phase contrast microscope , and had wrinkles and dendritic splits under scanning electron mi-croscope , conformed to the morphological characteristics of immature mDCs .The mDCs cells expressed higher level of spe-cific marker CD11c, lower level of co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86, which conformed to the phenotype of imma-ture mDCs.The CD80 +and CD86 +cell ratios of mDCs displayed significant increases in 50, 100 and 200μg/L Ag85B or TSLP groups compared with control group (P<0.05).The ratios of TSLPR +and OX40L+cells did not differ among dif-ferent concentrations of Ag 85B groups.The ratios of TSLPR +and OX40L+cells were significantly increased in 100 μg/L and 200μg/L TSLP groups compared with control group and 50μg/L TSLP group (P<0.05).Under the circumstance of optimal Ag85B or TSLP treatment concentration at 200 μg/L, there was significantly decreased in TSLPR and OX 40L cell ratio of mDCs in Ag85B group or Ag85B combined with TSLP group when compared with TSLP group (P<0.05), and no significant difference among Ag85B group, Ag85B combined with TSLP group and control group was observed .CONCLU-SION: Ag85B enhances mDCs maturation by up-regulating the expression of co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86, and inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory specific molecules TSLPR and OX40L on TSLP-activated mDCs, indicating that Ag85B modifies the development of asthmatic airway inflammation through the pathway of TSLP -activated mDCs.

Objective To evaluate the influence of nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) on vascular inflammation in elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods The 40 elderly subjects (≥65years old) were classed into control, mild, moderate and severe groups (n = 10, respectively)according to polysomnography (PSG). After PSG, the samples of peripheral venous blood were collected, and PBMCs were isolated. Nuclear protein was extracted and NF-κB was measured by Western blotting. ELISA was applied to measure the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum. Blood samples from 10 cases (moderate 5 and severe 5) were measured again after four weeks of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. Results The expression of NF-κB in PBMCs and the concentration of TNF-α in serum were significantly increased in severe and moderate OSAHS patients compared with controls (P＜0. 05). The NF-κB expression was positively correlated with AHI (r=0. 617, P＜ 0. 001) and TNF-α concentration (r = 0. 498, P＜ 0. 001 ), negatively correlated with LSaO2 (r= -0. 548, P＜0. 001), and not correlated with IL-6 concentration (r=0. 365, P=0. 201).The CPAP treatment could significantly inhibit NF-κB activation in PBMCs and reduce TNF-αexcretion (P＜0.05, respectively). Conclusions PBMCs may play an important role in vascular endothelial injury through NF-κB expression and TNF-α excretion in elderly OSAHS patients, which is closely associated with the severity of the syndrome and night hypoxemia. CPAP treatment can inhibit the pathophysiologic process effectively.

Objective To evaluate the change of serum creatinine (Scr) before and after administration of contrast agent in different dose,to observe the difference of dog's kidney tissue with electron microscopy and investigate the effect of contrast agent on renal function.Methods Twelve dogs were divided into four groups randomly:the control group,the low dose group,the moderate dose group and high dose group.After the administration of different doses of iodine contrast agent at the same rate,the changes of Scr and microscopic structure were compared before administration and 48 hours later.Results The differences of Scr before and 48 hours after administration were (4.6±1.6) μmol/L,(6.7±2.5) μmol/L,(6.9±4.5) μmol/L,(5.1± 1.9) μmol/L for control group,low dose group,moderate dose group and high dose group,respectively.There was no statistically significant difference among the groups (P ＞0.05).In high dose group,the mitochondria of tubular epithelial cells were swelling and obvious vacuoles were observed.Only a small amount of vacuoles existed in the renal tubular epithelial cells in low dose group.Conclusion Compared with the moderate and high dose group,the low-dose iodine contrast agent have less damage to the kidney cells of the dogs.

Objective To approach the significance of changes of percutaneous-arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure difference [P(tc-a)CO2] in liquid resuscitation of patients with septic shock. Methods One hundred and sixty-eight patients with septic shock admitted and treated in the Department of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Quzhou People's Hospital from January 2015 to January 2018 were enrolled, and after early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) for 6 hours, according to central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) and lactate clearance (LC), they were divided into ScvO2 and LC achievement group (ScvO2 ≥ 0.7 and LC≥10%), ScvO2 achievement group (ScvO2 ≥ 0.7 and LC < 10%), LC achievement group (ScvO2 < 0.7 and LC≥10%), and un-achievement group (ScvO2 < 0.7 and LC < 10%). The mechanical ventilation time, ICU hospitalization time, 28-day mortality, P(tc-a)CO2 etc. were compared among the four groups; the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive value of P(tc-a)CO2 for 28-day prognosis in patients with septic shock. Results The trends of mechanical ventilation time, ICU hospitalization time, and 28-day mortality were all ScvO2 and LC achievement group < LC achievement group < ScvO2 achievement group < un-achievement group [the mechanical ventilation times (days) were respectively 6.12±2.59, 8.43±3.24, 11.78±4.12, 13.03±4.75, ICU hospitalization times (days) were 10.31±2.32, 13.85±3.56, 16.41±3.83, 18.52±4.05, and 28-day mortality rates were 28.85% (15/52), 40.91% (18/44), 51.28% (20/39), 69.70% (23/33)] and the differences among the four groups were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). After 6 hours of EGDT, the heart rate (HR), lactate (Lac), and P(tc-a)CO2 were lower than those before fluid resuscitation, but the mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), and ScvO2 were higher than those before fluid resuscitation among four groups. Except CVP, the differences of other indicators compared among the ScvO2 and LC achievement group, ScvO2 achievement group, LC achievement group and un-achievement group were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). After 6 hours of EGDT, HR, Lac, P(tc-a)CO2 in ScvO2 and LC achievement group, ScvO2 achievement group and LC achievement group were significantly lower than those in the un-achievement group [HR (bpm): 89.05±29.43, 98.82±30.21, 94.33±28.64 vs. 112.85±32.74, Lac (mmol/L): 2.97±1.95, 3.87±2.32, 2.69±1.52 vs. 4.17±2.44, P(tc-a)CO2 (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0133 kPa): 7.18±4.61, 12.61±5.34, 9.71±4.11 vs. 16.56±10.19], MAP and ScvO2 were significantly higher than those of the un-achievement group [MAP (mmHg): 88.05±21.67, 77.33±18.56, 83.11±19.71 vs. 70.32±18.79, ScvO2: 0.76±0.14, 0.75±0.16, 0.67±0.14 vs. 0.63±0.18, all P < 0.05]. The P(tc-a)CO2 of 28 days survivors were significantly lower than that of the deaths among four groups (mmHg: 5.78±2.27 vs. 14.14±3.65, 7.07±2.81 vs. 15.06±4.11, 6.35±2.09 vs. 14.94±4.06, 7.93±3.81 vs. 18.34±4.63, all P < 0.05). When P(tc-a)CO2 > 7.24 mmHg predicted 28-day mortality in ScvO2 and LC achievement group, the sensitivity was 89.29%, specificity was 91.45%, and the area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.86; when P(tc-a)CO2 > 9.46 mmHg predicted 28-day mortality in LC achievement group, the sensitivity was 88.72%, specificity was 85.83% and AUC was 0.91; when P(tc-a)CO2 >12.05 mmHg predicted 28-day mortality in ScvO2 achievement group, the sensitivity was 82.79%, specificity was 86.90% and AUC was 0.79; when P(tc-a)CO2 > 16.22 mmHg predicted 28-day mortality in un-achievement group, the sensitivity was 73.35%, specificity was 80.68% and AUC was 0.68. Conclusion P(tc-a)CO2 can be used as an indicator to evaluate fluid resuscitation effect and prognosis in patients with septic shock.