Objective To observe the clinical effect of internal fixation with hollow compression screw for old patients with femoral neck fracture.Methods 102 old patients with femoral neck fracture were randomly classified into two groups,which observation group with 57 cases were treated with internal fixation with hollow compression screw and control group with 45 cases were treated with total hip replacement.The clinical effect between the two groups were compared.Results The effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group(x2=4.33,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in avascular necrosis between the two groups(x2=1.91,P＞0.05).Conclusion Internal fixation with hollow compression Screw for old patients with femoral neck fracture Was safe and can improve clinical effect,which could be applied in clinic.

Objective To establish an objective animal experimental model for the experimental study of clinical bone defect,detect the BMP-2 activity in bone defect area,and observe the early healing situation of rabbit radial fracture.Methods A total of 72 New Zealand rabbits [weight/ each:(2.8 ±0.2)kg] were randomly divided into four experimental groups A,B,C,and D (18/each) with corresponding 0.5 cm,1.5 cm,2.0 cm,and 3.0 cm bone defect models abolished,respectively,in the middle of the rabbit left radius.By the time of modeling,all the bone segments were retained and a small amount of bone adjacent tissues were taken as E specimens of control group.Modeling time was recorded as 0 week,and six animals of each group were killed in 1 W,3 W,4 W later.Then the bone defect surrounding tissues were taken to check BMP-2 content by Western-blot detection,and the bone-healing situation was observed at different time.Results BMP-2 composition showed a significant increase in secretory volume of each group's bone defect area tissues after modeling one week,compared with E specimens of control group (P ＜ 0.05).BMP-2 composition secretion capacity even reached its peak in the third week four groups (A,B,C,D)increased by 556.1％,385.9％,272.2％,171.2％ respectively.and BMP-2 content reduced apparently in the fourth week than before(P ＜ 0.05).At the same time,BMP-2 content decreased with the addition of bone defect length(P ＜ 0.05).Also a correlation was shown between bone healing and time with the bone defect length.Conclusions A comparable rabbit radial bone defect model was successfully established.These objective animal models,which are closer to clinical reality,provide the theoretical basis of animal experiments to explore the mechanism of human fracture healing.

BACKGROUND:Clinical studies have shown that early use of methylprednisolone can promote neurological functional recovery, reasonable initial dose, interval time and treatment duration are the key to the methylprednisolone treatment of acute spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE:To observe the differential protein expression profile in spinal cord tissue after intrathecal injection of high-dose methylprednisolone was given in rat model of acute spinal cord injury. METHODS:Eight Sprague-Dawley rats were included in this study to establish acute spinal cord injury model and the models were randomly divided into two groups, receiving intrathecal injection of methylprednisolone 7.5 mg/kg at 0 and 8 hours after modeling. The injured spinal cord tissue was harvested after 24 hours of injection. The differentialy expressed proteins and nerve regeneration-related differential proteins in two groups were analyzed using isotope labeling and quantitative technical analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totaly 87 differentialy expressed proteins were identified in this study. Compared with 0 hour group, there were 43 up-regulated differential proteins and 44 down-regulated differential proteins in the 8-hour group. Eighteen differential proteins were related to neural regeneration, including 8 up-regulation proteins and 10 down-regulation proteins. OMgp as a potential neural axon growth inhibitory factor specificaly bound with NgR/P75/TROY/Lingo-1 to form receptor complexes and activated RhoA through the second messenger cAMP, thus inhibiting the colapse of axon growth cone. Folowing intrathecal injection of methylprednisolone for treatment of acute spinal cord injury in rats, differential proteins and nerve regeneration-related factors in spinal cord are identified and analyzed for protein database retrieval and protein function analysis, their expression may serve as the indicator of monitoring nerve regeneration after acute spinal cord injury.

This paper introduced the concept of accumulation-dispersing method and its theoretical basis as well as clinical application in the treatment of gland diseases. With three diseases, which were the Sjogren’s syndrome, cystic hyperplasia of breast and benign prostatic hyperplasia, as clues, common characteristics from etiology, pathology and pathogenesis were elaborated from the anatomical features, pathological characteristics and meridian pathways for the gland diseases. The disease pathogenesis always belonged to“mass” and“knot” of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The detailed clinical applications were as follows. For the pattern of blood stasis, the treatment principle was to promote blood circulation and to resolve masses. For the pattern of phlegm, the treatment principle was to reduce phlegm and to resolve masses. For the pattern of heat, the treatment principle was to clear heat, to relieve toxin and to resolve masses. For patients of“tumor” or“phthisis”, the treatment principle was to strengthen vitalqi and to eliminate stagnation. Worm medicine should also be combined during accumulation-dispersing. This paper provided referential ideas and methods for TCM treatment of gland diseases.

BACKGROUND:Traditional cel transplantation tracer methods require histological analysis and identification in vitro, which limits the clinical application of stem cel transplantation. So it is urgent to establish an in vivo noninvasive and repeatable tracer method. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of SPIO and DAPI double labeling on survival and proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s from macaques. METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were derived from bone marrow aspirates of healthy macaques using whole bone marrow adherence method. Then, the cel s were identified using flow cytometry detection. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were labeled using SPIO and DAPI. Fluorescent microscope was used to detect DAPI positive rate, and Prussian blue staining and transmission electron microscope were employed to measure SPIO positive rate. MTT assay was used to detect cel viability and proliferation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were successful y isolated from healthy macaques using the whole bone marrow adherence method, and the cel purity was up to 95.1%. SPIO and DAPI were both successful to label the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s with a positive rate of 95%-98%, but had no influence on cel viability and proliferation.

Objective To explore the in-vivo hemodynamic and hemolysis effect of a newly designed axial continuousflow ventricular assist device(VAD) in swine.Methods Under general anesthesia,each of 5 swine [weight (40.0 ± 5.2)kg] was implanted with the axial continuous-flow VAD into the apex of left heart ventricle,and the outflow graft was anastomosised to descending aorta.Results All of the axial continuous-flow VAD were implanted successfully with post-operative survival rate 100％.All 5 animals survived over one week.There was a positive correlation between pump speed and assistance effect.The mean left ventricular systolic pressure was (131.6 ± 28.0) mmHg(1 mmHg =0.133 kPa).While the axial continuous-flow VAD was working,left ventricular end diastolic pressure decreased,along with mean intraventricular pressure declined.Peripheral hemodynamics was stable and peripheral blood pressure was not remarkably different from the pressure preoperation.Daily urine volume was in normal range within 1 week post operation.Free hemoglobin in plasma was slightly elevated on the surgery day,and gradually dropped to normal level within 1 week.International Normalized Ratio(INR) was maintained between 2.0-2.5 with oral adminiatration of warfarin of 3 mg/day.There was no thrombosis existing in VAD at autopsy.Conclusion The application of the axial pump with hydrodynamic-magnetically levitated impeller in animal experiment can provide stable hemodynamics,advanced heart unloaded effect,favorable peripheral perfusion,and blood compatibility is satisfactory.

BACKGROUND:Both in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed that, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) regulates the differentiation of osteoblasts and chondroblasts, induces heterotopic bone formation, promotes fracture healing, and controls the morphology of skeleton in mammals.
OBJECTIVE:To treat chronic bone defects using particle gun containing BMP2 gene eukaryotic expression plasmid via local injection.
METHODS:A total of 72 healthy New Zealand white rabbits were applied to establish chronic bone defect model in the rabbit radius. According to the length of bone defect, the rabbits were divided into three groups:1.5 cm group, 2.0 cm group, 2.5 cm group. Each group was further randomly assigned into two subgroups:treatment group (BMP-2 gene transfection) and control group (natural y healing). X-ray examinations were performed at 1, 3, 8 and 9 weeks after transfection, and soft tissue between the bone defects was harvested to detect BMP-2 using western blot analysis;and radius specimens were taken for gross observation at the same time points, to evaluate the healing.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Gross specimen observation:bone cal us formation in treatment group was general y more than that in control group. (2) Lane-Sandhu X-ray score in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group at 1, 3, 8, 9 weeks after transfection (P<0.05). (3) BMP-2 concentration in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group at each time point (P<0.05). The local transfer of particle gun-mediated BMP-2 gene is an effective therapy of chronic bone defect.

Objective:To analyze the reasons for unplanned resection of soft tissue sarcomas and explore the treatment strategies for cancer surgery. Methods: The study included 105 patients with soft tissue sarcomas admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between October 2009 and December 2012. The average age of the patients was 52 years old. Among the patients, 65 were males and 40 were females. Up to 82 patients underwent planned resection (Group A) in our hospital, and 23 underwent unplanned resection (Group B) in other hospitals. Wide excision and radical resection were conducted in Group A, whereas extended resection was performed in Group B. General data, tumor location and size, resection margin, local recurrence and metastasis, and survival were statistically analyzed in the two groups. Results:The proportion attaining the margin of wide excision was obviously lower in Group A than in Group B (P＜0.05). The 3-year survival rate was significantly higher in Group B than in Group A (P=0.001). Within an average follow-up of 18 months (3 months to 36 months) in Group B, 12 patients died, including 9 with tumor metastasis and 3 with other diseases. Within an average follow-up of 23 months (5 months to 36 months) in Group A, 15 patients died, including 12 with tumor metastasis and 3 with other diseases. Conclusion:Compared with planned surgical operation, unplanned resection of soft tissue sarcomas often leads to inadequate resection margin, which results in a high incidence of local recurrence and an increased mortality. Thus, clinicians should attempt to avoid unplanned resection of sarcomas.

Objective To construct a lentiviral vector of RNA interference (RNAi) of murine triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) gene and to explore the effect of TREM-1 on the inflammatory response caused by Bacteroides fragilis. Methods Four target sequences were selected according to murine TREM-1 mRNA sequence, and then 4 pairs of double-strand DNA oligo according to these target sequences and one pair of negative control double-strand DNA oligo were designed and synthesized. These fragments were subcloned into pGCSIL-GFP/Lenti plasmid. After being identified by PCR and sequencing, these plasmids were cotransfected into 293T cells to package lentiviral particles. The lentiviral vector particles were transfected into Raw 264. 7 cells and TREM-1 expression in the transfected cells was assayed by real-time PCR and ELISA. Different concentrations of Bacteroides fragilis lipopolysaccaride (LPS) were administered in the Raw264. 7 cells, and the cells were stimulated with LPS for 12 h. TREM-1 expression was determined by real-time PCR and ELISA at the time points. Results PCR and sequencing confirmed that lentiviral vectors had the correct structure and could express high titer of virus. After being transfected into Raw264. 7 cells, TREM-1 expression was knocked down significantly by all of these lentiviral vectors at both protein and mRNA levels, and the pGCSIL-GFP/Lenti-1 had the most efficient interference. TREM-1 was upregulated in the presence of Bacteroides fragilis LPS, and this increase was partly abrogated in the TREM-1 siRNA-treated cell models of endotoxemia, depending on the sequence. Conclusion The lentivirus RNAi vector of TREM-1 was constructed successfully. The lentivirus RNAi vector of TREM-1 can inhibit the expression of TREM-1 in the murine endotoxemia model caused by Bacteroides fragilis LPS.

AIM:To explore the effects of confluent endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) derived from young and aged rats on the phenotype conversion, proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells ( SMCs) .METH-ODS:Mononuclear cells were obtained from the bone marrow of young (1~2 month old) and aged (19 to 26 month old) Sprague-Dawley rats and cultured with medium DMEM/F12 ( containing 15% fetal bovine serum, endothelial cell growth supplements (ECGs) 100 g/L, 1 ×105 units/L of penicillin and streptomycin, respectively).EPCs were characterized as double positive for DiI-Ac-LDL uptake and lectin binding.Abdominal aorta was obtained from 1 to 2 month old Sprague-Dawley rats.Vascular SMCs were cultured by tissue explant method and identified byα-SM-actin immunofluorescence.In transwell co-culture system, the confluent EPCs located in the upper chamber and SMCs were seeded on the lower cham-ber.The experiments were divided into passage 3 SMCs group (P3), passage 4 SMCs group (P4), passage 4 SMCs co-culture with EPCs derived from young rats group (P4YE) and passage 4 SMCs co-culture with EPCs derived from aged rats group (P4AE).The protein expression ofα-SM-actin and osteopontin was detected by Western blotting.[3H]-TdR incor-poration assay was used to determine the proliferation.SMC migration was analyzed by scratch wound healing assay.RE-SULTS:Compared with P3 group,α-SM-actin expression in P4 group significantly decreased and osteopontin protein ex-pression obviously increased, whereas no significant change was found in P4YE group.Compared with P4 group, confluent EPCs derived from young and aged rats both markedly increased α-SM-actin and decreased osteopontin expression in P4 SMCs.Compared with aged rat-derived EPCs, young rat-derived EPCs were more effectively to induce a delayed SMC phe-notype transition (from contractile phenotype to a synthetic phenotype), and to inhibit SMC proliferation and migration. CONCLUSION:Co-culture of confluent EPC induces a delayed vascular SMC phenotype transition and inhibits SMCs pro-liferation and migration.Young rat derived EPCs are more effective to induce a delayed vascular SMC phenotype transition and has stronger inhibitory effects on SMCs proliferation and migration compared with that derived from aged rats.