Objective To investigate the effect of povidone iodine irrigation combined with levofloxacin eye drops on the inflammatory indexes, NO and antioxidant indices in serum and tear fluid of patients with diabetic cataract.Methods 50 cases of pati ents with diabetic cataract and admitted into the hospital during January 2013 to January 2015 were selected as the research objects all of whom received cataract surgery.According to the randomized double blind method, the patients were divided into two groups with 20 cases in each group.The control group received levofloxacin eye drops intervention before surgery while the observation group were treated withpovidone iodine irrigation, based on the control group.The inflammatory indexes (IL-2, sIL-2R, IL-6), NO, antioxidant indexes (TAC, SOD, CAT) and condition of postoperative infection were compared between the two groups before and after irrigation.ResuIts In the observation group, the sIL-2R, IL-6 and NO levels in serum and tear fluid after irrigation were significantly lower than those in the control group while IL-2, TAC, SOD and CAT were significantly higher than those in the control group.The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The postoperative infection rate of the observation group was 0.0% which was significantly lower than 16.0% of the control group.The difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05 ) .ConcIusion Povidone iodine irrigation combined with levofloxacin eye drops can significantly reduce the inflammatory reactions in patients with diabetic cataract and improve their antioxidant level.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of aminoguanidine(AG),silymarin (Sil) and anisodamine (Ani) on retinal capillary pericytes cultured in glycosylation products. Methods MTT cololrimetric assay, thymidine incorporating and fluorescent indicator fura 2 acetoxy methyl ester (Fura 2AM) were used to study the influence of AG,Sil and Ani on the growth,DNA synthesis,and cytosolic free calcium([Ca 2+ ]i)changes of pericytes cultured in the medium contained early glycation products (EGs) or advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Results Cultured in the medium contained EGs,the A value by MTT assayed and amount of thymidine incorporating in AG group and Sil group were obviously elevated than those of control group(P

1 000 rnl were randomly divided into 2 groups : AHHD group ( n = 18) and control group ( n = 18). The patients were premedicated with intramuscular atropine 0.007-0.01 mg?kg-1 . Radial artery and right internal jugular vein were cannulated before induction of anesthesia for MAP and CVP monitoring, blood sampling and fluid administration. Anesthesia was induced with TCI of propofol. The target plasma propofol concentration was set at 3 ?g ? ml -1 . When the patients lost consciousness, fentanyl 2 ?g ? kg-1 was given intravenous and tracheal intubation was facilitated by vecuronium 0.1 mg? kg-1 , 10min after intubation additional fentanyl 2 ?g? kg-1 and vecuronium 0.08 mg? kg-1 were given. In AHHD group lactated Ringer's solution 10 ml ? kg-1 was infused over 30 min before TCI propofol was started. 10 min after start of TCI propofol 6% HES 20 ml? kg-1 was infused within 30 min. In control group the patients received only lactated Ringer's solution 10 ml?kg-1 . TCI of propofol was maintained for 1 h. Arterial blood samples were taken before and 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min after TCI propofol was started, and at 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 min after termination of TCI propofol for determination of blood concentration of propofol by gas-chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) . The TCI system comprising Graseby 3 500 infusion pump controlled by Stelpump 1.07 software which included Tackley pharmacokinetic parameters. Results In AHHD group Hb was reduced from initial (130? 14)g?L-1 to (90? 15)g?L-1 and Hct from initial 38% ? 3% to 26% ? 4 % at the end of AHHD. The measured blood propofol concentrations were significantly lower in AHHD group than those in control group at the corresponding time points (P

Obuective To assess the population pharmacokinetic parameters and analyze thecharacteristics of pharmacokinetics of propofol given by target-controlled infusion (TCI) in Chinese using anoulinear mixed effect model (NONMEM) program. Methods Sixty-one ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients (26 male, 35female) aged 18-64yr, weighing 41-83kg undergoing elective operation under general anesthesia were studied. TheTCI system consisted of (1 ) Stel pump Software 1 .07 designed by Coetzee, (2) cable R232 connector, (3)Graseby 3500 infusion pump, (4 ) pharmacokinetic parameters developed by Tackley. The patients werepremedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital sodium 1-2 mg?kg~(-1) and atropine 0. 5 mg. Anesthesia was inducedwith TCI of propofol. Target plasma concentration of propofol was set at 3?g?ml~(-1). Fentanyl 2?g?kg~(-1) andvecuronium 0. 1mg?kg~(-1) were given i. v. when the patients lost consciousness. TCI of propofol lasted 60 min. 976blood samples were obtained before induction of anesthesia and at 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 62. 5, 65, 70,75, 80, 85, 90 min ther TCI was started for determination of plasma propofol concentration by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Population pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed and thecharacteristics of the pharmacokinetic profile was analyzed using NONMEM program. Results The pharmacokineticprofile of propofol given by TCI in Chinese was best described by an open two-compartment model. Thepharmacokinetic parameters for the final model: K_(10) was 0.111, K_(12) 0 .064 and K_(21) 0 .023 min~(-1); V_1 was 0 .205and V_2 0.404 L?kg~(-1); CL_1 was 22 .76 and CL_2 13 .24 ml?min~(-1). The estimated concentrations were well correlatedwith the measured concentrations in the final model. Weight was found to covariate significandy with V_1 and CL_1and age with K_(21). However gender had no significant effect on pharmacokinetic parameters.Conclusion Thepopulation pharmacokinetic profile of propofol administered by TCI in Chinese can be well described by an open two-compartment model. The volume of central compartment was smaller and the inter-compartmental transfer ratefrom central compartment to peripheral compartment was faster in Chinese.

Objective To investigate the effect of acute hypervolemic hemodilution (AHHD) on pharmacokinetics of propofol given by target-controlled infusion (TCI). Methods Thirty-six ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱpatients (18 male, 18 female) undergoing elective surgery were randomized to one of two groups: control group (n = 18) and AHHD group ( n = 18). The patients were premedicated with atropine 0.007-0.01mg?kg-1 and phenobarbital 1-2mg?kg-1 i.m. . Radial artery and right internal jugular vein were cannulated before induction of anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced with TCI of propofol. The target plasma propofol concentration was set at 3 ?g?ml-1. When the patients lost consciousness, fentanyl 2?g? kg-1 was given i.v. and tracheal intubation was facilitated by vecuronium 0. 1 mg?kg-1 . Ten minutes after tracheal intubation an additional dose of fentanyl 2 ?g?kg-1 and vecuronium 0.08 mg?kg-1 was given i.v.. TCI of propofol continued for 1 hour. In AHHD group lactated Ringer's solution 10 ml?kg-1 was infused over 30 min before induction of anesthesia. 10 min after TCI propofol was started, 6 % HES 20 ml ?kg-1 was infused within 30 min. In control group the patients received only lactated Ringer's solution 10 ml? kg-1 . All fluid infused was prewarmed to 35℃ Arterial blood samples were taken before and 2,5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min after TCI propofol was started and 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 min after termination of TCI propofol for determination of blood concentration of propofol by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) . The TCI system consisted of Graseby 3500 infusion pump controlled by Stelpump 1.07 software, which included Tackley pharmacokinetic parameters. Results The demographic data including sex, age, body weight and amount of propofol consumed were comparable between the two groups. The pharmacokinetic profile of propofol given by TCI was best described by a two-compartment open model during AHHD. The pharmacokinetic parameters tor the final model; K10 was0.116, K12 0.0907 and K210.024mm-1 ; V, was 0.311 and V2 0.446L?kg-1 ; Cl1 was 33.31 and Cl2 16.65 ml?min-1?kg-1 respectively. V1 and V2 were significandy larger, and transfer and clearance rates were significantly higher in AHHD group than those in control group. At the end of AHHD, Hb decreased by 31.0% and Hct by 31.3%; total plasma protein decreased by 30.1% and plasma albumin by 25.7% as compared with the baseline values before AHHD. Conclusion AHHD has significant effect on pharmacokinetics of propofol. Less propofol is bound to plasma protein and duration of action is relatively shorter. During AHHD the target plasma propofol concentration should be increased to some extent to achieve the same depth of anesthesia.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in radical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods The propensity score matching (PSM) and retrospective cohort study were conducted.The clinicopathological data of 116 patients with HCC who were admitted to the Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command of PLA from June 2014 to January 2016 were collected.Fifty-eight patients using pre-,intra-and post-operative ERAS managements were allocated into the ERAS group and 58 using traditional perioperative managements were allocated into the control group.Observation indicators:(1) operation situations;(2) postoperative recovery:postoperative recovery time of bowel sound,time to initial anal exsufflation,time of drainage-tube removal,levels of alanine transaminase (ALT),total bilirubin (TBil),C-reactive protein (CRP) at 1,3 and 7 days postoperatively,postoperative complications (vomiting,abdominal distension,wound infection,intra-abdominal infection and pulmonary infection),duration of postoperative hospital stay,hospital expenses and satisfaction degree of patients;(3) follow-up situation.Followup using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect survival of patients up to March 2016.Measurement data with normal distribution were described as x±s.The comparison between groups was analyzed using the t test.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range).The comparison between groups was analyzed using the paried rank sum test.Repeated measurement data were evaluated by the repeated measures ANOVA.Results (1) Operation situations:all the patients underwent successful operations,without perioperative death.(2) Postoperative recovery:postoperative recovery time of bowel sound,time to initial anal exsufflation,time of drainage-tube removal,levels of ALT,TBil and CRP at 1,3 and 7 days postoperatively,duration of postoperative hospital stay,hospital expenses and satisfaction degree of patients were (49±10)hours,(60±10)hours,(3.3±0.7)days,(379±99)U/L,(222±65)U/L,(98±16)U/L,(20.4±4.7)μmol/L,(15.5±2.1)μmol/L,(13.4±1.8)μmol/L,(49±10)mg/L,(124±21)mg/L,(30± 5)mg/L,(9.7±0.9)days,(4.1±0.6) ×104 yuan,8.6±0.9 in the ERAS group and (53±5)hours,(64±7)hours,(6.2±1.6)days,(445± 114)U/L,(278±79) U/L,(116± 25) U/L,(18.6± 3.5) μmol/L,(17.0±2.7) μmol/L,(14.2±1.9)μmol/L,(53±11)mg/L,(135±35)mg/L,(34±6)mg/L,(10.0± 1.0) days,(4.3±0.5)x104 yuan,8.2±1.0 in the control group,respectively,with statistically significant differences between the 2 groups (t=2.537,2.479,2.065,F=20.075,14.357,13.460,t=2.060,2.197,2.370,P＜0.05).Number of patients with postoperative vomiting,abdominal distension,wound infection,intra-abdominal infection and pulmonary infection were 5,3,2,1,1 in the ERAS group and 6,6,7,5,3 in the control group,respectively,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=0.100,1.084,3.011,0.206,0.618,P＞ 0.05).(3) Follow-up situation:all the 116 patients were followed up for 1-20 months,with a median time of 11 months.During the follow-up,2 patients in the ERAS group died (1 dying of tumor recurrence and 1 dying of respiratory failure) and 3 in the control group died (1 dying of multiple organs metastasis,1 dying of lung metastasis of HCC and 1 dying of myocardial infarction).Conclusion ERAS in the perioperative management after radical resection of HCC is safe and effective,and it can quickly improve postoperative recovery of patients.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of ǎn soup of Miao nationality on the intestinal barrier function in rats with acute liver failure ,in order to provide effective diet measures for hepatic failure patients .Methods A total of 50 male SD rats were randomly assigned to five groups :control group(group A) ,acute liver failure model group(group B) ,Bifidobacterium tri‐ple probiotics group(group C) ,high‐doseǎn soup group(group D) and low‐doseǎn soup group(E) ,10 cases in each group .The last four groups were subjected to the acute liver failure model by hypodermic injection with thioacetamide twice .In addition ,the last three groups were respectively intragastrically perfused with Bifidobacterium triple probiotics ,6 mL of ǎn soup and 1 .5 mL of ǎn soup before and during building the acute liver failure model .28 hours after the second injection ,femoral arterial blood to was drew to test serum endotoxin(ETX) ,diamine oxidase(DAO) ,D(‐)‐lactate(D‐lac) ,alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate amin‐otransferase(AST) .At the same time ,hepatic tissue and ileal tissue within 3 cm away from the ileocecal region were collected to do pathological examination .Results Pathological examination results showed that hepatic cord in hepar arranged mussily ,hepatic lob‐ules structure disordered ,hepatocyte focal necrosis or with large necrotic areas in which a large number of inflammatory cell infiltra‐tion in the acute liver failure model group .The pathology damage of liver in the other groups was almost in the same extent .The ile‐um mucosa in the group A was morphologically intact with clear structure of villi and lined up ,while that of group B was disorder with sparse villi ,epithelial cells in different degree of loss ,missing and necrosis ,lamina propria obviously hyperemia and there were large amount of inflammatory cellular infiltration .Intestinal mucosa injury in the other intervention groups was lighter than that in the group B .In particular ,levels of serum ETX ,D‐Lac ,DAO ,ALT and AST in the group B and other intervention groups were sig‐nificantly higher than that in the group A(P<0 .01) .Compared to the group B ,levels of serum ETX ,D‐lac ,DAO ,ALT and AST in other intervention groups were decreased to various degrees ,and there was significant difference between group B ,group C and group D(P<0 .01) ,and there was no significant difference between group B and group E (P>0 .05) .However ,there was no signif‐icant difference between group C and group D (P>0 .05) ,when obvious difference was observed between group C and group E(P<0 .05) .There was significant difference between group E and roup D (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Results demonstrated that ǎn soup protected intestinal barrier function of acute liver failure rats by reducing the production and release of serum endotoxin content in liver failure rats ,lowering intestinal endotoxemia (IETM ) ,which seems to prevent subsequent liver injury caused by IETM and have certain dietotherapy effect on liver failure .

Objective To investigate the analgesia effect and the possible mechanism of intravenous administration with different concentrations of ozonized saline (OS) by observing changes in behavior,plasma tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α),and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels after rat plantar incision.Methods Fifty-four health adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the investigation.Twenty four rats were randomly divided into four groups,6 in each group.The rats in group A1 were intravenously administered with 5ml/kg oxygen saline,10min before the incision.The rats in groups B1,C1,and D1 were intravenously administered with 20 μg/ml,30 μg/ml,and 40 μg/ml OS 5 ml/kg.An 1-cm incision was made in the right plantar surface from the heel to the toes according to the method described by Brennan under sevoflurane anesthesia.The 50％ paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (50％ PWMT) and cumulative pain score (CPS) at the times of 24 h before and 2,6,24,48 h after surgery were underwent.Thirty rats were randomly divided into five groups,6 in each group.Groups A2,B2,C2,and D2 processed as well as group 1.All groups except group E2 were made the model of incisional pain.2 ml blood was taken out of the right ventricular 2 h after the operation,then the levels of plasma TNF-α and IL-6 were detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results There were no significant differences in the 50％PWMT between group A1 and group B1 at each time point after surgery (P ＞ 0.05).The 50％ PWMT in groups C1 and D1 were higher than those in group A1 at each time point after surgery (P ＜ 0.05).The CPS in groups B1,C1,and D1 were lower than those in group A1 after surgery (P ＜ 0.01).Compared to group E2,the levels of plasma TNF-α 2 h after the operation in group B2 and D2 were not statistically different (P ＞ 0.05).The levels of plasma TNF-α in groups C2 and A2 were higher than those in group E2 (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of plasma IL-6 2 h after the operation between group A2 and group E2 showed no difference (P ＞ 0.05).The levels of plasma IL-6 in groups B2,C2,and D2 were higher than those in group E2 (P ＜ 0.05).Concltsions Intravenous administration of ozonized saline can inhibit the incisional pain in rats.The analgesia effect of ozonized saline was dose-dependent.

Objective To investigate the effect of human umbilical cord blood stem cells on flash visual evoked potentials (F-VEP) of the traumatic optic neuropathy rats.Methods Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into an injury group (Group A) and 3 treatment groups (Groups B,C,and D).A traumatic optic neuropathy model was built in Group A,and the rats in Groups B,C,and D were injected with the neurotrophic factor,human umbilical cord blood stem cells,and the mixture of the neurotrophic factor and human umbilical cord blood stem cells,respectively.F-VEP was recorded in both eyes of rats at the 1st h,1st week,2nd week,3rd week,and 4th week after the optic nerve injury.Results At all time points,there were significant difference in the wave latency and amplitude between Group A and normal control eyes (P＜0.01).The differences of the wave latency and amplitude between Group A and Groups B,C,and D were statistically significant at various time points after the injury except for the wave latency at the 1st h post-operation (P＞0.05).The amplitude in Group D was higher while the latency was shorter than those of Group B at all time points since the 1st week (P＜0.05).The comparisons at the same point in the remaining treatment groups were not significantly different (P＞0.05).Conclusion The mixture of human umbilical cord blood stem cells and neurotrophic factor has a promotion effect for the recovery of F-VEP of optic nerve in traumatic optic neuropathy in rats to some degrees.

Purpose:To study the determining prognostic factors that affect the survival of patients with bilateral breast cancer. Methods:The records of 21 women with bilateral breast cancer were analyzed.4(19%) presented simultaneous bilateral tumor.17(81%)developed bilateral breast cancer with interval in between. Patients were treated with surgery, radiation treatment and chemotherapy. Analysis of high risk factors of breast cancer and possible relation to postoperative survival was carried out.Results:The size of the tumor, the number of involved axillary nodes, and the adequacy of the initial treatment still remain the major prognostic factors ,correlated with the time interval between two cancers. 2 year, 5 year, 10 year, survival was recorded to be 90%, 71.4%, 66.7%. Conclusions:If treatment is correct for bilateral breast cancers, its 5 year survival rate still rather high. Time interval between two breast cancers was the most prominent prognostic factor, correlated with the overall survival. The early diagnosis and prompt adequate treatment of the seconed primary breast cancer are still the key to longer survival rates of bilateral breast cancer.