The peripheral blood and bone marrow smears examination dominates in the conventional hematic morphological examination which is the important diagnostic method for hematopoietic disorder at all times. However, we should also be well informed that many new technologies such as the automated hematology analyzer and the molecular biology can affect it. Moreover, we should envisage the problem that exists in itself, pay more attention to perfect and upgrade the level of conventional hematic morphological examination further.

Objective To evaluate the value and significance of testing megakaryocyte micronuclei in bone marrow smears for hematopathy diagnosis.Methods Bone marrow smears from a total of 863 cases of patients with hemopathy were collected from 2002 to 2009 at the second affiliated hospital of zhejiang university school of medicine.Smears from 25 healthy individuals were used as control.The bone marrow smears were subjected to Wright-Giemsa staining.The number of megakaryocytes, morphous and positive rate of megakaryocyte micronucleis were recorded by using low power lens and immersion objective.Statistical differences of positive rate in the different diseases, pathologic subtypes, total number and type of megakaryocyte were analyzed.Results The megakaryocyte micronucleis were round or oval with varying size, distributed in paranuclear or away from nuclear and even free in extracellular, which could be observed in large and medium megakaryocytes.The positive rate of megakaryocyte micronucleis was highest in myeloid leukemia, particularly in the subtype of M6, M2, M4 and M5b with dyshaematopoiesis.Megakaryocyte micronucleis could also be found in MA, infection and benzolism, but rarely observed in the lymphocytic leukemia.Conclution The detection of megakaryocyte micronuclei was related with its amount, size and type.There is significant difference of the postive rates of megakaryocyte micronuclei testing among the different hematopathies and pathologic subtypes.Megakaryocyte micronuclei testing should be valuable in the the diagnoses of hematopathy.

Objective:To optimize the overall desirability of orthogonal design sith multi index evaluations. Methods:Four multi index evaluations were applied to optimize the overall desirability of an orthogonal design,and their results wer analyzed. Results:According to the optimum conditions,there was no difference among the four multi index evaluations. Conclusion:multi index test can be used to represent the most desirable variables in experimental design.

Object To study the inhibitory effect and mechanism of extract from cultured cell of Taxus chinensis (Pilg.) Rehd. on hepatocarcinoma cell line SMMC 7721. Methods Trypan blue stain assay was used to determine tumor cell growth curve, flow cytometry and Giemsa staining were used to analyze cell cycle and cell apoptosis. Results Inhibitory effect happened on tumor cell line SMMC 7721, G 2/M stage of tumor cells increased with the addition of T. chinensis cell extract by carrene and apoptosis happened. Conclusion The extracts from cultured cell of T. chinensis have inhibitory effect on SMMC 7721 cells and can further induce cell apoptosis.

Objective: To study the diagnostic characteristics of cardiac amyloidosis (CA) by non-invasive electrocardiography (ECG) in relevant patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 60 CA patients diagnosed in our hospital from 2008-08 to 2013-12 for their clinical and ECG characteristics. Results: There were 48 male and 12 female patients with the ratio of 4: 1. The ifrst time diagnosis rate was low and the average age for conifrmed diagnosis was at (54. 5±14. 2) years.①There were 32 (53. 3%) cases combining heart failure, 12 (20%) with pleural effusion, 20 (33. 3%) with atrial arrhythmia, 8 (13. 3%)with ventricular arrhythmia, 4 (6. 7%)with sino-atrial block, 15 (25%)with atrio-ventricular block, 4 (6. 7%) with left bundle branch block (LBBB), 5 (8. 3%)with RBBB and 8 (13. 3%)with intra-ventricular block.②There were 32 (53. 3%) cases with low voltage on limb leads, 52 (86. 7%) with pseudo-infarct pattern, 48 (60%) with ST-T abnormality and 30 (50%) combining low voltage on limb leads with pseudo-infarct pattern.③The patients combining pleural effusion and with pseudo-infarct pattern had the increased ratio of low voltage on limb leads, while there were still 22 (45. 8%) cases without pleural effusion had low voltage on limb leads.④ ECG characteristics for 60 CA patients were as follows: QRS duration (104±26) ms, QT interval (404±34) ms, QTc (462±35) ms; the R wave of avR 0. 17 mV, QRS wave 0.30 mV; the R wave of limb leads and V1-3 were all<0.5mV, the S wave of V1-3 were 0. 62mV, 1. 61mV, 1. 56mV; the R/S ratio of V1-3 were 0. 19, 0. 12, 0. 20 respectively. Conclusion: CA patients had the highest incidence of pseudo-infarct pattern; meanwhile, combining with low voltage on limb leads, pseudo-infarct with long Q or S wave and ST-T abnormality but normal QRS duration was helpful for differential diagnosis of CA in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE To clarify the features of nosocomial infections for patients with multiple myeloma(MM).METHODS One hundred and seventy eight cases of MM treated in our hospital from Oct 1982 to Dec 2006 were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS Eighty five patients(47.8%) suffered from nosocomial infections.The nosocomial infection took place more frequently on respiratory tract.Elder,granulocytopenia,hypoproteinemia,severe anemia,and diabetes were the risk factors.Totally 91 pathogens were isolated.Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 45.1%,and were the major pathogens.Fungi accounted for 37.4% and Gram-positives accounted for 17.6%.The ESBLs producing strains accounted for 31.6% in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli.Vancomycin resistant strains were found.The top one of fungi presented organism was the Candida albicans.CONCLUSIONS Nosocomial infections for patients with multiple myeloma has a high incidence.There are many risk factors.The resistance of commonly encountered bacteria to antimicrobial agents is a serious problem.Immunity protection and the rational use of antimicrobial agents should be emphasized.

AIM To analyze the toxicity and inhibitory mechanism of extracts from cultured cells (F 4 cell line) of Taxus chinensis on cancer cell lines SMMC 7721 and HEp 2. METHODS MTT assay for cell viability and flow cytometry for cell cycle analysis. RESULTS IC 50 of SMMC 7721 and HEp 2 were 0 161 4 g DCW?L -1 and 0 275 6 g DCW?L -1 respectively,tumor cells in G 2～M stage all increased with higher concentration and longer incubation of extracts from Taxus chinensis cells. CONCLUSION Extracts from cultured cells of Taxus chinensis could have cytotoxic effect on SMMC 7721 and HEp 2 and could induce apoptosis of both two cancer cells.

AIM: To investigate the function of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) to macroangiopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: The levels of MMP-3 and uPAR in plasma were determined by ELISA sandwich method in 26 healthy controls and 39 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus including 15 complication-free cases and 24 with macroangiopathy. RESULTS: The plasma level of uPAR but not MMP-3 was higher in patients without macroangiopathy than that in normal controls (P

ObjectiveTo examine the protective effects of 17-β estradiol on the experimental model of spinal cord injury (SCI) rats. Methods One hundred and eighty male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, after Allen' s model, SD rats were divided into three groups: the sham group, the acute spinal cord injury (control groups) and the acute spinal cord injury supplying with 17-β estradiol treatment group. SCI was made by Allen's weight dropping, impacting on the posteriors of spinal cord T10. The content of malonyldialdehyed (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were determined by chromatometry. The expressions of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 family in the injured spinal cord were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results The BBB scores at each time point in 17-β estradiol treatment group were significantly higher than that in SCI group (P<0.05). The contents of GSH, SOD, GSH-Px and the expression of Bcl-2 protein at the majority of time point in 17-β estradiol treatment group were significantly higher than that in SCI group(P<0.05), however, the MDA, Caspase-3 and Bax were markedly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusions This study suggests that 17-β estradiol administration might prevent the cells from SCI-induced apoptosis by triggering to reduce the oxidative stress.

ObjectiveIn order to investigate anti-ageing mechanisms of the notoginsenoside Rg1,we used Aβ_(1-42) and D-galactose to establish aging rat model. Methods Ninety rats were divided into three groups at random: sham group, model group, treatment group. Aging rat models were established by injecting peritoneally D-galactose (100 mg/kg) to the rats for 56 days and after 35 days aggregated Aβ_(1-42)(μg) was injected to the right lateral ventricle of rats. Meantime, rats were treated by intragastric administration the notoginsenoside Rg1. Then spatial memory of experimental rats was examined with the Morris water maze(MWM). The thiol antioxidants including glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were examined by colorimetric method. The concentration of the pro-caspase-3 and Bcl-2 were examined by the immunohistochemistry and Western blotting method. Results In aging model rats escape latercies were significantly prolonged (P<0.05), while decreases were seen in the time of staying the third quadrants of platform, the number of crossing over a platform, the concentration of the GR, GSH-Px, and pro-caspase-3 as compared with the sham group(P<0.05). After treatment of the notoginsenoside Rg1, the aging model rats exhibited significant increases in the time of staying the third quadrants of platform, the number of crossing over a platform, the concentration of the GR, GSH-Px, and pro-caspase-3(P<0.05), while a decrease was observed in escape latercies as compared to control group(P<0.05). Moreover there was no significant difference in the expression of the Bcl-2(P>0.05). Conclusion The results from our study indicate that the notoginsenoside Rg1 could improve the oriented learning and memory capacity and prevent the neurodegeneration of central nervous systems in aging model rats by up-regulating the expression of the thiol antioxidants(including GR and GSH-Px) and resisting the cleavage of the pro-caspase-3.