AIM: To establish the method of determining psoralen and isopsoralen in Bushen Yinao Capsules(Fructus Psoraleae,Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng Rubra,Poria,etc.). METHODS: HPLC conditions were as(follows:) Chromasil C_(18) column,a mobile phase of CH_3OH-H_2O(55∶45),and the wavelength at 247 nm. RESULTS: This method showed a good linear relationship in the ranges of 0.038-0.309 ?g(psoralen) and 0.036-0.295 ?g(isopsoralen).The average recoveries were 99.50% for psoralen(RSD was 0.91%,n=5) and 100.52% for isopsoralen(RSD was 1.70%,n=5). CONCLUSION: The method is simple,swift,accurate and practical in quality control of Bushen Yinao Capsules.

OBJECTIVE:To explore and analyze signals of Xiyanping injection-induced urticaria from spontaneous reporting system database of Jiangxi province. METHODS:The continuous ADR report monitoring data were collected from spontaneous re-porting system of Jiangxi province,and established database. Bayesian confidence propagation neural network(BCPNN) method was used to calculate information component,IC value of Xiyanping injection-induced urticaria. The year-to-year changes of IC val-ue and its interval were analyzed. RESULTS:A total of 328324 ADR reports were collected in Jiangxi province during 2004-2016. The IC value of Xiyanping injection-induced urticaria detected by BCPNN method was 1.10(the lower limit of IC value was 0.65, and upper limit was 1.54),i.e. there was signal and the IC value ranged from-0.87 to 1.65. CONCLUSIONS:The results of BCPNN method suggest that urticaria is a warning signal of Xiyanping injection. The risk is increasing gradually,and prediction precision increase with the addition of report quantity.

Objective:To establish the method for the determination of emodin and danshensu Pinggan oral liquid. Methods:The contents were determined by HPLC. The chromatographic conditions for emodin were as follows: an Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column (150 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5μm) was used and the mobile phase was methanol-water (80 ∶20). The detection wavelength was 287 nm and the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 . The column temperature was 25℃ and the injection volume was 20 μl. The chromatographic condi-tions for Danshensu were as follows:an Agilent Eclipse SB-C18 column (150 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) was used and the mobile phase was methanol-1% acetic acid solution (2 ∶98). The detection wavelength was 280 nm and the flow was 1. 0 ml·min-1. The column temperature was 30℃ and the injection volume was 20 μl. Results:Emodin had a good linear relationship within the range of 26. 75-428. 00 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 9). The average recovery was 102. 7% and RSD was 0. 76% (n=6). Sodium Danshensu had a good linear relationship within the range of 10.17-162.77 μg·ml-1(r =0.999 9). The average recovery was 100.5% and RSD was 1. 47% (n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate and reproducible, which can be used for the quality control of the prep-aration.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate general regularity and characteristics of tetanus antitoxin (TAT) induced by ADRs,in order to provide reference for rational drug use in the clinic.METHODS:Domestic and foreign literatures on ADRs induced by TAT were retrieved,and related information of 2 636 case of ADR were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:Among patients whose gender and age were recorded,male with ADR induced by TAT was more than female,mainly aged 15-35 years old,accounting for 70.32 ％ (289/411);28.28 ％ (56/198) used water for injection;ADR occurred within 30 min after medication in 5.84％ (154/2 636)cases;main ADR were lesion of skin and its appendents,circulatory system damage,systemic reaction damage.Main clinical manifestations were urticaria,rash,chest tightness and anaphylaetic shock,etc.Ten cases died and 7 cases had sequelae;the rest were all recovered and cured after symptomatic treatment.CONCLUSIONS:TAT has a higher proportion of allergic reactions,especially anaphylactic shock,but great importance should be attached to rare auditory and vestibular dysfunction,visual impairment,elevated white blood cell count and other ADR.It is suggested to strengthen medication monitoring and used drugs strictly in accordance with drug package inserts so as to promote rational drug use.

Objective To study the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) in Taixing city,Jiangsu province.Methods A populationbased case-control study was carried out to collect data including demography,socioeconomic status indicators and possible risk factors.Unconditional logistic regression was used to compare different SES indicators and composite wealth scores constructed between cases and controls,using the principal component analysis methodology.Results Factors as:having received high school or higher education (OR=0.66,95％CI:0.46-0.96),living space over 67 m2 per-capita (OR=0.71,95％CI:0.54-0.94),drinking tap water longer than 5 years (OR=0.76,95％ CI:0.59-0.98) and wealth score ＞0.93 (OR=0.63,95％CI:0.48-0.83) were associated with increased risk of ESCC.Compared to those worked in farming,forestry,animal husbandry,fishery and water conservancy,the individuals who worked in business-service industry were at lower risk of ESCC (OR =0.65,95％CI:0.43-0.97).Conclusion An inverse association of low SES and ESCC were found in Taixing people that called for further explanation.

The Flash radiotherapy(Flash-RT),which is the key breakthrough in the basic field of radiotherapy technique,which is expected to cause a new major transformation in the field of radiotherapy.In this paper,we reviewed the latest research advances of the application and the mechanism exploration of Flash-RT in tumor treatment.Current studies have found that both the Flash-RT with electron beams and photon and the Flash-RT with proton can reduce injury of normal tissue than radiotherapy with conventional dose-rate,but the relevant mechanisms are not yet clearly understood,which includes but not limited to oxygen depletion,DNA damage,cellular senescence,apoptosis and immune response.The difference of Flash-RT injury between tumor tissue and normal tissue further reduces the limitations of radiotherapy,and reduces the adverse reaction and complication compared with conventional radiotherapy,which has wide application prospects.

Digestive system malignant tumor is one of the common malignant tumors in humans,and its high morbidity and low survival rate at advanced stages bring heavy disease burden to patients,families and society.However,current tumor screening technologies are not suitable for screening in large-scale populations and long-term follow-up because of the invasiveness or complexity.Thus,liquid biopsy,which based on biomarkers such as circulating tumor DNA,circulating tumor cells,exosomes and other new biomarkers,has broad prospects for development in tumor screening.Exosome,secreted by living cells,is a type of extracellular vesicle with the lipid bilayer.Compared to other biomarkers,exosome has the advantages of high stability,wide distribution,and high quantity.The various proteins carried by exosome can reflect the characteristics of the origin cells,and exosome has important research value for the early diagnosis of tumors.This article reviews the studies of exosomal proteins as biomarkers for early diagnosis of digestive system malignant tumors in the past five years,and summarizes the characteristics and limitations of the above studies,so as to provide reference for promoting the clinical transformation of exosomal proteins.