AIM:To study the chemical constituents of Lysimachia clethroide Duby. METHODS:Chromatographic techniques,including MS and NMR,were used to isolate and purify the constituents based on column chromatography separation on silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 and Semipreparative RP-HPLC. RESULTS:Eleven flavonoids were obtained and elucidated as: kaempferol (1),kaempferol 3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (2),kaempferol 3-O-?-D-galactoside (3),kaempferol 3-O-?-D-(6″-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside (4),quercetin (5),Isorhamnetin (6) ,quercetin 3-O-?-D-galactoside (7),quercetin 3′-methoxy-3-O-?-D-galactoside (8),quercetin 3-O-?-D-(6″-p-coumaroyl)-galactoside (9),4′-methoxy-5,6-dihydroxyisoflavone-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (10),7-O-glucosyl liquiritigenin (11). CONCLUSION: Compounds 3,6 were isolated from this plant and compounds 8-11 were isolated from this genus for the first time.

Objective To investigate the correlation between cytochrome P450(CYP) 2C19 gene polymorphism with major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) after PCI in the patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods A total of 233 patients with CHD undergoing PCI in the cardiology department of our hospital from January 2014 to January 2015 were selected.All patients were given the standardized dual anti-platelet therapy of aspirin and clopidogrel.The occurrence situation of MACE within 1 year(unstable angina pectoris,cardiac death,in-stent restenosis,non-fatal myocardial infarction) was obtained by follow up.All patients were divided into the MACE group and non-MACE group.The PCR solubility curve was adopted to detect the CYP2C19 gene polymorphism.Results Among 233 cases of CHD,37 cases (15.88％) developed cardiovascular events and 196 cases (84.12 ％) did not develop vascular events;the age,sex,hypertension and diabetes mellitus had no statistical differences between the two groups(P＞0.05).The frequency of CYP2C19 * 1 in the included cases was 68.45％,which of CYP2C19 * 2 was 28.33％ and which of CYP2C19 * 3 was 3.22％.The extensive-metabolism,intermediate metabolism and slow metabolism types in the cardiovascular events group accounted for 5.41 ％,64.86 ％ and 29.73 ％ respectively,while which in the non event group were 59.69 ％,29.08％ and 11.22％ respectively,the CYP2C19 genotype distribution had statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CYP2C19 intermediate metabolism type [OR 2.562,95％CI(2.825,7.350),P=0.021 0],slow metabolism type [OR 5.139,95％CI(1.289,5.232),P＜0.01],hypertension [OR 2.480,95 ％CI(1.079,5.698),P=0.032 4],smoking[OR 4.802,95％CI(1.082,18.371),P=0.029 0] were the independent risk factors for the occurrence of cardiovascular events in the patients with CHD.Conclusion CYP2C19 * 2 and CYP2C19 * 3 gene polymorphism are the independent risk factors for MACE occurrence after PCI in the patients with CHD.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/carbon monoxide (CO) system on restenosis after balloon angioplasty and relative mechanism. Methods Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups. Control group received normal chow (Control group), the other rabbits received 1.5% cholesterol diet (Chol group and SH group) or 1.5%cholesterol diet plus hemin (Hem group) or zinc protoporphyrin Ⅸ (Znpp group) for 10 weeks. At the third week of experiment, the three experimental groups underwent balloon injury at one side common carotid artery. Results Compared with control group, arterial nitric oxide production and nitricoxide synthase activity were significantly decreased, while HO-1 expression and CO production were significantly increased (all P＜0. 01 ) in Chol group. The intima thickness and ratio of intima/media (I/M) were lower in Hem group than in Chol group [(281.47± 21.10) μm vs. (442.17 ±59.14) μm, 2.49 ± 0. 17 vs. 3.99 ± 0. 52, respectively]. While arterial HO-1 expression and CO production were increased markedly, endothelin-1 expression was distinctly reduced in Hem group group than in Chol group. Compared with Chol group, arterial HO-1 expression and CO production were decreased obviously, while endothelin-1 expression and intima thickness and ratio of intima/media [(698.71±58. 37) μm, 6.17±0. 52]were significantly increased in Znpp group (all P＜0. 01).Conclusions The HO-1/CO system plays a protective role on improving endothelium function and restraining neointimal proliferation by compensating and regulating nitricoxide synthase/nitric oxide system and lowering endothelin -1 expression so as to inhibit restenosis after balloon injury.

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the chemical constituents of Pierre. Methods The chemical compositions were isolated by silica gel column chromatography, semi-preparative HPLC,Sephadex LH-20, and MPLC packed with MCI gel, and their structures were identified on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence (NMR and MS) . Results Eight compounds were obtained and determined as fibraurin (1),makisterone A (2),cycloartenol (3),feruloylphenethylamine (4),trans- -feruloyltyramine(5),β-sitosterol(6),1-monopalmitin(7),1-sinapoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(8). Conclusion Compounds 2-8 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Objective To explore the safety of total thyroidectomy surgery on patients with thyroid carcinoma. Methods From Jan 1986 to Dee 2006, clinical data of patients who underwent total thyroidectomy (total thyroidectomy group) and sub-total or near-total thyroidectomy surgery (control group) for thyroid carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed to identify the incidences of complications, recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis (RNLP) and secondary hypoparathyroidism in the two groups. Results In the control group there were 433 thyroid carcinoma patients who underwent sub-total or near-total thyroidectomy. Transient unilateral RLNP(13 eases), permanent unilateral RLNP(5 eases), transient hypoparathyroidism (11 cases) was diagnosed. There was no permanent hypoparathyroidism in this group. In the 70 cases of thyroid carcinoma patients receiving total thyroidectomy, there were 4 eases suffering from transient unilateral RLNP, one case from permanent unilateral RLNP (P > 0.05), and there were 7 eases from transient hopyparathyroidim (P < 0.01), 2 eases from permanent hypoparathyroidism (P < 0.05). Conclusion The incidence of RLNP after total thyroidectomy was not higher than that after subtotal or near-total thyroideetomy. Postoperative hypocalcaemia was the most common postoperative complication of total thyroidectomy. It is our belief that total thyroidectomy should be performed in selected patients.

The aim of this study was to investigate the influences of heme oxygenase-1, carbon monoxide and nitricoxide synthase, nitrogen monoxide systems on vascular remodeling of injured balloon carotid artery in rabbits and the intercorrelations among the two systems after balloon angioplasty. Seventy rabbits were randomly divided into seven groups, i. e., control group, SH group, Chol group, Arg group, L-NAME group, Hem group, and Znpp group. The control group received normal chow, while all the rabbits the rest six groups received 1.5% cholesterol diet. Among the six test groups, to those in Chol group and SH group nothing else was added except the 1.5% cholesterol. L-arginine or L-nitro-arginine methylester was added to those in the Arg group and in the L-NAME group with drinking water. Hemin or zincprotoporphyrin IX was added to those in Hem group and in Znpp group by injecting the medicine into the abdominal cavity. After two weeks, the experimental groups underwent balloon injury at one side common carotid artery. Compared to Chol group, the HO-1 activity and CO production increased significantly. The intima area was reduced distinctly in Hem group, while there were opposite results in Znpp group. Compared with that in Chol group, the NF-kappaB activity of Arg group and Hem group were lower significantly. That of L-NAME group and Znpp group were higher significantly. Compared with that in the Chol group, the cNOS activity and NO production were eleveated markedly in Arg group while they were decreased markedly in L-NAME group. The intima area was reduced significantly in Arg group, while in L-NAME group they were not different from those in Chol group. These results suggested that the reciprocal relationship between HO-1/CO and NOS/NO system in restenosis may play the inhibitory role against neointimal proliferation and vascular wall remodeling after balloon angioplasty.
Animals ; Carbon Monoxide ; metabolism ; Carotid Arteries ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Catheterization ; adverse effects ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation

Objective To investigate the value of serum high sensitive C reactive protein(hs-CRP) in the risk stratification and prognosis evaluation in the patients with coronary heart disease and PCI operation.Methods One hundred and sixty-three cases of coronary heart disease and undergoing PCI in this hospital from March 2013 to September 2015 were selected and performed the coronary angiography examination before operation.Then the patients were divided into 3 groups according to the hs-CRP level.The Gensini score was used to judge the blood vessel stenosis degree.The patients were followed up within six months after surgery.The major cardiovascular events were recorded and the relationship between the hs-CRP level with the number of diseased vessels,Gensini score,MACE and other coronary heart disease risk factors was analyzed.Results Hypertension and hs-CRP level had statistically significant difference among 3 groups(P＜0.05);preoperative hs-CRP level showed positive correlation with hs-cTnT level (r =0.44,P＜ 0.001),while the hs-CRP was negatively correlated with the HDL-C level (r =-0.18,P =0.003);with the Gemini score elevation,the hs-CRP level was similarly elevated,the hs-CRP levels in the patients with severe,moderate and mild vascular stenosis evaluated by Gensini's score were(17.11±9.58),(10.02±3.59),(4.11±1.62)mg/L respectively,the difference among them had statistical significance(F=37.21,P＜0.05).Within postoperative six months,the MACE occurrence rates in 3 groups were 32.1％,52.9 ％ and 59.2 ％ respectively,the differences among the three groups were statistically significant(x2 =13.523,P =0.001),and the target lesion blood supply reconstruction rate had statistically significant difference(x2 =7.522,P =0.022).The hsCRP level was an independent risk factor of MACE occurrence(OR =2.06,95 ％ CI:1.31-3.42,P=0.005).Conclusion Serum hs-CRP is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events occurrence after PCI surgery in the patients with coronary heart disease.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between diabetic nephropathy(DN)and diabetic retinopathy(DR)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)based on imaging and clinical testing data.Methods Totally 600 T2DM patients who visited the First People's Hospital of Ziyang from March 2021 to December 2022 were included.The fundus photography and fundus fluorescein angiography were performed on all these patients and their age,gender,T2DM duration,cardiovascular diseases,cerebrovascular disease,hypertension,smoking history,drinking history,body mass in-dex,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and other clinical data were collected.The levels of fasting blood glu-cose(FPG),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipo-protein cholesterol(LDL-C),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),24 h urinary albumin(UAlb),urinary albumin to creati-nine ratio(ACR),serum creatinine(Scr)and blood urea nitrogen(BUN)were measured.Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors associated with DR.DR staging was performed according to fundus images,and the convolutional neural network(CNN)algorithm was used as an image analysis method to explore the correlation between DR and DN based on emission computed tomography(ECT)and clinical testing data.Results The average lesion area rates of DR and DN detected by the CNN in the non-DR,mild-non-proliferative DR(NPDR),moderate-NPDR,severe-NPDR and pro-liferative DR(PDR)groups were higher than those obtained by the traditional algorithm(TCM).As DR worsened,the Scr,BUN,24 h UAlb and ACR gradually increased.Besides,the incidence of DN in the non-DR,mild-NPDR,moderate-NPDR,severe-NPDR and PDR groups was 1.67％,8.83％,16.16％,22.16％and 30.83％,respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of T2DM,smoking history,HbA1c,TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,24 h UAlb,Scr,BUN,ACR and glomerular filtration rate(GFR)were independent risk factors for DR.Renal dynamic ECT analysis demonstrated that with the aggravation of DR,renal blood flow perfusion gradually decreased,resulting in diminished renal filtration.Conclusion The application of CCN in the early stage DR and DN image analysis of T2DM patients will improve the diag-nosis accuracy of DR and DN lesion area.The DN is worsening as the aggravation of DR.

Objective To prepare a nano drug(PFOB@Lip-MMC)with liposome as the carrier,liquid perfluorooc-tyl bromide(PFOB)as core and mitomycin C(MMC)loading on the liposome shell and study its inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human pterygium fibroblasts(HPFs).Methods The thin film dispersion-hydration ultrasonic method was used to prepare PFOB@Lip-MMC and detect its physical and chemical properties.Cell Counting Kit-8,Cam-PI cell viability staining and flow cytometry were employed to detect the impact of different concentrations of PFOB@Lip-MMC on the via-bility of HPFs.DiI fluorescence labeled PFOB@Lip-MMC was used to observe the permeability of the nano drug to HPFs under a laser confocal microscope.After establishing HPF inflammatory cell models,they were divided into the control group(with sterile phosphate-buffered saline solution added),PFOB@Lip group(with PFOB@Lip added),MMC group(with MMC added),PFOB@Lip-MMC group(with PFOB@Lip-MMC added)and normal group(with fresh culture medi-um added)according to the experimental requirements.After co-incubation for 24 h,flow cytometer was used to detect the apoptosis rate of inflammatory cells,and the gene expression levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,prostaglandin E2(PGE2),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in cells were analyzed by PCR.Results The average particle size and Zeta potential of PFOB@Lip-MMC were(103.45±2.17)nm and(27.34±1.03)mV,respec-tively,and its entrapped efficiency and drug loading rate were(72.85±3.28)％and(34.27±2.04)％,respectively.The sustained-release MMC of drug-loaded nanospheres reached(78.34±2.92)％in vitro in a 24-hour ocular surface environ-ment.The biological safety of PFOB@Lip-MMC significantly improved compared to MMC.In terms of the DiI fluorescence labeled PFOB@Lip-MMC,after co-incubation with inflammatory HPFs for 2 h,DiI fluorescence labeling was diffusely dis-tributed in the cytoplasm of inflammatory HPFs.The apoptosis rate of inflammatory HPFs in the PFOB@Lip-MMC group[(77.23±4.93)％]was significantly higher than that in the MMC group[(51.62±3.28)％].The PCR examination results showed that the gene transcription levels of IL-1 β,PGE2,TNF-α and VEGF in other groups were significantly reduced com-pared to the control group and PFOB@Lip group,with the most significant decrease in the PFOB@Lip-MMC group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion In this study,a novel nano drug(PFOB@LIP-MMC)that inhibited the proliferation of HPFs was successfully synthesized,and its cytotoxicity was significantly reduced compared to the original drugs.It has good bio-compatibility and anti-inflammatory effects,providing a new treatment approach for reducing the recurrence rate after pte-rygium surgery.