Objective To investigate the effects of Compound Ganduqing Decoction(CGD) on activation and apoptosis of iron overloading hepatic stellate cells(HSC).Methods The cultured HSC-T6 cells were used for experimental cells,and were divided into normal control group,model group and CGD treatment group(in the dose of 0.08g/L).HSC model of iron overloading was induced by incubation with ammonium iron citrate.Immunohistochemical assay was used for the detection of alpha smooth muscle actin(?-SMA) expression.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was applied for the detection of transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-?1) mRNA expression.TUNEL technique was used for the examination of apoptosis of HSC-T6.Electron microscope was used for the observation of ultrastructure of HSC-T6.Results In the normal control group and the model group,there showed large amount of ?-SMA expression in HSC-T6,but little apoptosis.However,in CGD group ?-SMA expression was decreased obviously,TGF-?1 mRNA expression was reduced,and apoptosis of HSC-T6 was obvious(P

Objective High mobility group box-1 protein ( HMGB1) plays an essential role in regulating energy metabolism of tumor cells via affecting mitochondrial autophagy .The aim of this study was to explore the effect of HMGB 1 on mitochondrial biogene-sis and cell energy metabolism in anoxia environment . Methods HepG2 cells were divided into normoxia control group ( cells were cultured in a culture box containing 5%CO2) , hypoxia control group ( cells were cultured in a culture box containing 1%O2+5%CO2+94%N2 ) , hypoxia HMGB1 siRNA group ( cells were cultured in a culture box containing 1% O2+5% CO2+94% N2 after transfected with HMGB1 siRNA) and hypoxia NC siRNA group ( cells were cultured in a culture box containing 1%O2+5%CO2+94%N2 after trans-fected with negative control siRNA ) .MTS assay was carried out to measure cell proliferation rate .The alterations of mitochondrial bio-genesis associated proteins were detected by RT-PCR and western blot.Mitochondrial density and morphology were determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The ATP content in whole cell extracts was determined with a colorimetric ATP detection kit . Results Compared with the hypoxia control and hypoxia NC siR-NA group, the proliferationof hypoxia HMGB1 siRNA group was significantly inhibited, especially in 48 h and 72 h(P<0.05).Com-pared with hypoxia control group and hypoxia NC siRNA group , the expression of PGC 1α, NRF1and TFAM in hypoxia HMGB1 siRNA group were decreased significantly ( P<0.05) .Western blot results showed that , compared with normoxia control group , the expressions of PGC1α(0.494±0.210 vs 0.090±0.020), NRF1(1.080±0.470 vs 0.581±0.190)and TFAM(1.585±0.340 vs 0.792±0.350) protein in hypoxia 24 h group were increased obviously ( P<0.05) .Compared with hypoxia control group and hypoxia NC siRNA group , the expres-sions of PGC 1α, NRF1 and TFAM protein in hypoxia HMGB1 siRNA group were significantly decreased (P<0.05).Compared with hypoxia control group , the content of ATP in the HMGB 1 siRNA hypoxia group was significantly decreased , and hypoxia 12 h and 24 h were the most obvious ( P<0.05) . Conclusion HMGB1 could maintain cell energy metabolism by regulating mitochondrial biogene-sis so that cells could continue to proliferate in adverse anoxia environment .

AIM:To investigate the expression of microRNA-141 (miR-141) in human hepatocellular carcino-ma (HCC) cell line SMMC-7721 and normal hepatocyte line HL-7702, and to analyze the effect of abnormal expression of miR-141 on the malignant biological behaviors of human hepatocarcinoma cells.METHODS:The RNA from SMMC-7721 cells and HL-7702 cells was extracted.SYBR Green real-time PCR was performed to detect the expression of miR-141. Synthetic miR-141 mimic and its negative control were transfected into the SMMC-7721 cells, and miR-141 inhibitor and its negative control were transfected into the HL-7702 cells by the method of Lipofectamine.After transfection, MTS assay and BrdU-ELISA were employed to evaluate the effect of miR-141 on the cell proliferation.Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis.The changes of migration ability were investigated by Transwell invasion assay.RESULTS:The expression of miR-141 in the SMMC-7721 cells was significantly lower than that in the HL-7702 cells ( P<0.05 ) .Com-pared with blank group, Lipofectamine group and negative control group, the proliferation of the SMMC-7721 cells trans-fected with 25 nmol/L miR-141 mimic was significantly inhibited in a time-dependent manner (P<0.05).The percenta-ges of G1 phase cells and early apoptotic rate were significantly increased when miR-141 was up-regulated, but the migra-tion ability was inhibited (P<0.05).Compared with blank group, Lipofectamine group and negative control group, the proliferation of HL-7702 cells transfected with 50 nmol/L miR-141 inhibitor was significantly increased in a time-dependent manner (P<0.05).When miR-141 was down-regulated, the percentages of G1 phase cells and early apoptotic rate were significantly decreased, but the migration ability was enhanced (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:miR-141 is down-regulated in human hepatocarcinoma cell line.Up-regulation of miR-141 will not only inhibit cell proliferation and migration ability, but also affect the cell cycle and apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells.miR-141 may function as a tumor suppressor gene during HCC development.

A patient suffered a sustained soft tissue necrosis and infection at the radial interphalangeal joint of left thumb after laser nevus removal. He was treated in the Department of Orthopaedics, No. 920 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army in February 2020. CTA combined with digital technology of Mimics software was used to accurately locate the perforator of posterior tibial artery septal perforator flap at the appropriate part of the calf and the super flap (1.20 cm×0.80 cm×0.46 cm) for the repair was designed. After 1 year of follow-up, the left thumb flap had no swelling with a satisfactory texture and appearance. The sensory recovered to S 3, and the left thumb movement was completely normal. Only a linear scar remained at the donor site of the calf.

Objective:To explore the treatment of pressure sores in different parts of the buttocks.Methods:From May, 2005 to March, 2020, 170 (157 patients) pressure sores in different parts of buttocks were treated. Eighty-two pressure sores located at sacrococcyx, 52 at ischial tuberosity, 24 at greater trochanter (without hip joint exposure) and 12 at femoral greater trochanter with exposure of the hip joint. Flaps were used to repair the pressure sores. ①Seventy-one sacrococcygeal pressure sores were repaired by the gluteal epithelial neurovascular flap; ②10 (10 patients) sacrococcygeal and 42 (36 patients) sciatic tubercle pressure sores were repaired by the posterior femoral neurovascular flap; ③24(24 patients) femoral trochanter pressure sores and 1(1 patient) sacrococcygeal pressure sore were repaired by the tensor fascia lata myocutaneous flap; ④2 (2 patients) sciatic tubercle pressure sores were repaired by the gracilis myocutaneous flap; ⑤12 (10 patients) femoral trochanter pressure sores were with hip joint exposure treated with hip joint amputation; ⑥8 (8 patients) pressure sores at ischial tuberosity were treated with VSD. The pressure sores were measured at 5.0 cm×8.0 cm-15.0 cm×30.0 cm, and the flaps were sized 10.0 cm×12.0 cm-17.0 cm×32.0 cm. The follow-up was conducted in 2 methods: visit of outpatient clinic by patients and WeChat distanced interview by medical staff.Results:The gluteal epithelial neurovascular flaps, tensor fasciae lata flaps, gracilis myocutaneous flaps and posterior femoral neurovascular flaps all survived; 4 of 10 posterior femoral neurovascular flaps had partial necrosis and healed after dressing change. A total of 139 patients were treated by flap repair, of which 136 pressure sores healed, except 1 sacrococcygeal pressure sore and 1 femoral greater trochanter pressure sore did not heal because the patient was in old age, long-term hypoproteinaemia and anaemia, and 1 ischial tubercle pressure sore failed to heal due to osteomyelitis osteomyelitis. Ten pressure sores at femoral greater trochanter decubitus with hip joint exposure treated by hip joint amputation and 8 pressure sores at ischial tubercle decubitus treated by simple insertion of VSD were all healed. The follow-up period was 0.5-15.0 years, 7.5 years in average. The results of follow-up showed that pressure sores healed without recurrence in 154 patients, but failed to heal in 3 patients.Conclusion:The gluteal epithelial neurotrophic vascular flap has reliable blood supply and is simple to harvest, and it is a good flap to repair sacrococcygeal pressure sores. The tensor fascia lata myocutaneous flap has reliable blood supply and is simple to harvest, hence it is a good flap to repair greater trochanteric pressure sores. Transposition of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve nutrient vessel flap or the V-Y advancement flap is simple and effective in repair of the sciatic tuberosity pressure sores. However, it is not recommended to apply the transposition of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve nutrient vessel flap in repair of the sacrococcygobtaineal pressure sore, because it would cause a necrosis at the distal part of the flap. When a greater trochanteric pressure sore coexists with an expose of hip joint, the hip joint can be dissected. For the pressure sore at ischial tuberosity, and if there is a small wound with a large internal cavity, it can be treated with simple insertion of VSD.

Objective:To investigate the effect of flap combined with 3D printed microporous titanium(tantalum)prosthesis in the treatment of lower extremity soft tissue defect with large bone defect.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2020, 2 patients with large soft tissue defects on dorsal foot together with large metatarsal bone defect and 4 patients with soft tissue defects of calf with large tibial bone defect were treated. The areas of soft tissue defect were 5.0 cm×8.0 cm-15.0 cm×10.0 cm. The length of the bone defect were 3.8 cm to 7.0 cm, 5.75 cm in average. In the first stage, metatarsal bone defect or tibial bone defect was filled with vancomycin blended bone cement, meanwhile, soft tissue defect was repaired with anterolateral femoral flap(ALTF) with vascular anastomosis in 2 cases of feet, and local fascia flap was trans-positioned in 4 cases of lower extremity defects. The sizes of repairing flap were 6.0 cm×8.5 cm-16.0 cm×11.0 cm. Two to 7 months after the initial surgery, the customer designed microporous titanium prostheses were used(5 cases with microporous titanium and 1 with microporous tantalum) to repair the bone defects. The wound healing, the integration of metatarsal and tibial fractures with 3D printed microporous titanium(tantalum) prostheses, and the walking condition were observed after surgery. The follow-up lasted from 6 to 25 months, with an average of 12.7 months.Results:The wound healing in 5 patients was good. The patients stood on the foot in 2 months after surgery, started to walk with the assistance of crutch in 3 months after surgery, and took walk without assistance in 5-6 months after surgery. Good osseous integration were achieved. One diabetic patient had infection of foot wound 3 months after surgery. After removal of microporous titanium prosthesis and replacement of vancomycin blended interstitial substance of bone cement, the wound healed and the patient resumed walking.Conclusion:It is an effective method to encourage the patients to take early ambulation after the surgery for lower extremity soft tissue defect with large bone defect that was repaired by a flap and 3D printed microporous titanium(tantalum)prosthesis. Further observations are required to investigate the long-term efficacy, and the reduction of prosthesis infection rate requires further exploration.

Objective:To compare the clinical effects of 4 kinds of neurocutaneous perforator flap with vascular anastomosis for repair of hand and foot wounds.Methods:From January, 2005 to September, 2019, 112 patients with hand and foot wounds were treated, there were 78 cases of fingers, 11 cases of first web, 5 cases of palm, 6 cases of hand and 12 cases of foot. The defect area was 2.0 cm×1.5 cm-21.0 cm×12.0 cm. All 112 cases were repaired by neurocutaneous perforator flaps anastomosed with blood vessels. Types of flap were applied: Radial collateral artery perforator flap (with posterior cutaneous nerve of forearm) in 30 cases. The flap area was 5.0 cm×2.0 cm-13.0 cm×6.0 cm. Superficial peroneal artery flap (without superficial peroneal nerve) anastomosed with blood vessels in 15 cases. The flap area was 2.5 cm×2.0 cm-9.0 cm×6.0 cm. Lateral superficial sural artery perforator flap (with superior sural cutaneous nerve) in 26 cases. The flap area was 2.5 cm×1.8 cm-7.0 cm×5.0 cm. Peroneal artery perforator flap (with middle and lower sural nerve) in 41 cases. The flap was harvested with area of 2.5 cm×1.8 cm-23.0 cm ×14.0 cm to repair the wounds of feet, back of hands, first web, palm and fingers. CTA images were observed in 40 clinical patients, and the occurrence rate of radial collateral artery, superficial peroneal artery, superficial lateral sural artery, and peroneal artery were measured. Anastomosis cutaneous nerve in 97 cases, and no cutaneous nerve anastomosis 15 cases (superficial peroneal artery flap).Results:The peroneal artery perforator flap (41 cases) and radial collateral artery perforator flap (30 cases) were harvested. The incidence of perforator vessels was both 100%, and incidence of superficial sural artery was 80.8% (21/26 cases). In the other 19.2% (5/26 cases), the superficial medial sural artery was replaced by too thin vessels. The utilization rate of superficial peroneal artery was 60.0% (9/15 cases), the other 40.0% (6/15 cases) were converted to peroneal artery perforator flap. All flaps survived except 1 case of superficial perforator flap of lateral sural artery, which underwent necrosis at the distal end and healed after dressing change. One hundred and one cases were followed-up, including 90 cases for repairing soft tissue defects in hands and 11 cases in feet. The followed-up time ranged from 12 to 120 months, with an average of 36.6 months. There were 40 cases with excellent function, 45 cases with good function and 5 cases with fair function. There were 78 cases of cutaneous nerve anastomosis of hand flap, and the sensory function was above S 3 level. There were 12 cases without anastomosis of cutaneous nerve of hand flap, and the sensory function reached S 3 level in 3 cases and S 2 level in 9 cases. In 11 cases, the cutaneous nerve was anastomosed to repair the soft tissue defect of the foot, and the sensory function was above S 3 level. The radial collateral artery perforator flaps were relatively bulky and needed to be treated by fat removal. The other 3 kinds of three flaps were not bulky. Conclusion:The perforating vessels of peroneal artery and radial accessory artery have larger diameter and easy to harvest. The superficial peroneal artery and the lateral superficial sural artery are relatively small in caliber, especially the superficial peroneal artery. Among the 4 kinds of cutaneous nerve nutrient vascular flaps, the radial accessory artery perforator flap was the most bloated. Sensory nerve innervation flaps were found in the upper segment of lateral sural cutaneous nerve, posterior forearm cutaneous nerve and middle and lower segment of sural nerve. The superficial peroneal artery perforator flap was accompanied by superficial peroneal nerve that did not send cutaneous branches into the flap. The upper segment of superficial peroneal nerve was only a passing nerve.