Animals ; Oocytes ; metabolism ; physiology ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; physiology ; Receptors, Purinergic P2X ; physiology ; Xenopus laevis

Animals ; DNA Methylation ; Female ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Genes, ras ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism

Adrenergic receptors are members of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily. Recent studies revealed that these adrenergic receptors are playing an important role in the growth and metastasis of prostate cancer cells. The expression of adrenergic receptors rises significantly in prostate cancer cells and tissues. Agonists of these receptors promote the growth and mobility of prostate cancer cells, while antagonists may suppress their proliferation, trigger their apoptosis, and inhibit their metastasis. Clinically, receptor antagonists can significantly reduce the risk of prostate cancer and improve its prognosis after androgen depravation therapy. This article presents an overview on the roles of adrenergic receptors in prostate cancer.
Adrenergic Agonists ; pharmacology ; Adrenergic Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Receptors, Adrenergic ; drug effects ; physiology

BACKGROUND:Neural stem cel s with self-proliferation and differentiation potential are the ideal seed cel s for central nervous tissue engineering. Although col agen and silk fibroin as biological scaffold materials have been widely used, both of them used alone have certain shortcomings. Is it possible to combine the two materials to build a novel neural tissue-engineered scaffold? What is the effect of this novel scaffold on the growth and differentiation of neural stem cel s? OBJECTIVE:To observe the growth and differentiation of neural stem cel s seeded onto the novel composite scaffold. METHODS:The rat embryonic neural stem cells were inoculated onto new composite scaffolds, and then, their growth and differentiation were observed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Neural stem cells were cultured in conventional suspension culture as control group. Cell counting kit-8 assay was used to detect viability of neural stem cells in the two groups. Three-dimensional composite scaffolds carrying neural stem cells were slic ed into paraffin sections to observe the growth and differentiation of neural stem cells by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Neural stem cel s cultured on the new composite scaffold grew and differentiated wel , and interconnected synapses were observed. Cel counting kit-8 assay showed that neural stem cel s on the scaffold grew wel , and the cel viability was significantly higher in the composite scaffold group than that in the control group (P<0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunofluorescence staining of paraffin sections further provided evidence for good growth and differentiation of neural stem cel s on the scaffold. These results indicate that the novel composite scaffold with good biocompatibility benefits the growth and differentiation of neural stem cel s, promising a favorable application prospect.

Cell viability of Pichia pastoris was detected by flow cytometry (FCM) with two reagents fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and propidium iodide (PI). Compared with FDA/PI double-stained dot plots and PI single-stained dot plots,the latter could divide dead and living cells into two separate zones,and get the correct proportion. Then PI single-stained method was used to detect the change of cell viability in Pichia patoris fermentation. At glycerol batch and fed-batch phase,little dead cells were detected. At methanol fed-batch phase,cell viability decreased when cell weight increased,and was only 73.8% at 88 h.

To obtain a number of extracellular penicillinase,the gene(penp)encoding penicillinse of Bacillus cereus ATCC10987 was cloned into expression vector in Bacillus subtilis,transformed into Bacillus subtilis DB104 deficient in two proteases.When recombinant bacteria was cultured in LB medium for 24 hours,the result of SDS-PAGE showed that the molecular weight of the protein was 28kDa and the penicillinase activity reached 339U/ml.By screening seven different fermentation media,the result showed that 4# medium is favorable to producing penicillinase by the recombinant cells than the others,with the yield of the enzyme being 1580U/ml.When the recombinant cells was cultured in 7 liter fermentor for 24h,the penicillinase activity reached 1255.8U/ml.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family B ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Genes, MDR ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Telomerase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism ; Vault Ribonucleoprotein Particles ; metabolism

The aim of this research is to evaluate the effect of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) miRNA plasmids on the expressive levels of CTGF, transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta) and type I collagen of rat hepatic stellate cells (HSC) which are stimulated by high glucose. The rat HSCs which were successfully transfected rat CTGF miRNA plasmids and the rat HSCs which were successfully transfected negative plasmids were cultured in vitro. After stimulus of the TMP and the high glucose, the protein levels and gene expressive levels of CTGF, TGF-beta and type I collagen were tested. The results indicated that high glucose increased the expression of CTGF mRNA, CTGF protein, TGF-beta mRNA,TGF-beta protein and type I collagen (P < 0.05). The expressive levels of CTGF mRNA, CTGF protein, TGF-beta mRNA, TGF-beta and type I collagen in TMP group were lower than those in high glucose group and showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Compared with high glucose group, the expressive levels of CTGF mRNA, CTGF protein, TGF-beta mRNA, TGF-beta and type I collagen in rat CTGF miRNA plasmid interference group were significantly lower (P < 0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found in CTGF mRNA and CTGF protein levels between TMP group and CTGF miRNA group (P > 0.05), while type I collagen levels showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). It is concluded that high glucose could promote the expressions of CTGF, TGF-beta and type I collagen, and TMP and rat CTGF miRNA plasmids could reduce the expressions of CTGF, TGF-beta, type I collagen.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type I ; metabolism ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; genetics ; Culture Media ; pharmacology ; Glucose ; pharmacology ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Plasmids ; Pyrazines ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Transfection ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; metabolism

Background Bulbar conjunctiva tissue appears to be thinning,elasticity declined,tension reduced and fascia atrophied in conjunctivochalasis.Histopathological examination of conjunctivochalasis shows decrease of elastic fibers and melt of collagen fibers.But there are fewer studies on the ultrastructure of conjunctiva of conjunctivochalasis up to now.Objective This study was to investigate the ultrastructure change of conjunctiva tissue in conjunctivochalasis.Methods Five loose conjunctiva samples of conjunctivochalasis and 5 normal conjunctival tissue samples were collected and ultra-microstructure changes of these samples were observed under the transmission electron microscope.Results The number of fibroblasts in conjunctivochalasis lamina was progressively decreased.The shape of fibroblasts was long and fusiform.Somatic synapse was slim.Nucleus-cytoplasm ratio was increased.Disorder,scattered and broken of the collagen fibril were seen,and some areas were dissolved or lacunae.Normal conjunctival fibroblasts were oval or polygonal,with wieners and long somatic synapse,and intercellular matrix was full of collagen fibril and dense arranged fibers.Fibroblasts in fascia of eonjunctivochalasis were linear,and collagen fibril was seriously defected.Fascia fibroblasts of normal bulbar conjunctiva were spindleshaped and bigger than conjunctivochalasis fibroblasts.There were full of collagen fibrils in intercellular matrix.Conclusions The collagen fibril is decreased and fibroblast cells are degenerated in lamina and fascia of conjunctivochalasis.

Objective To investigate whether the donor's glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to recipient's weight ratio (Dg/Rw) is a useful tool to predict early clinical outcome in living-related do-nor transplantation.Methods A total number of 108 living donor transplant recipients in the Chinese Military 309th Hospital from Jan.2014 to July 2015 were enrolled in this study.The patients who had multi-organ transplantation or developed grafts rejection,delayed graft function,hydronephrosis or renal vascular stenosis were excluded.The 90 qualified recipients were divided into G1 group (Dg/Rw ≤0.81),G2 group (Dg/Rw 0.81～1.11),and G3 group (Dg/Rw≥1.12).We respectively analyzed the relationship between recipient's serum creatinine Scr and Dg/Rw at 3-,7-,30-day and 1 year after transplantation.Results Scr at 3-,7-,30-day and 1 year after transplantation had linear correlation with Dg/Rw.As compared with G1 and G2 groups,Scr level was significantly reduced in G3 group at different time points (P＜0.05).Conclusion Dg/Rw has a negative relationship with Scr level after renal transplantation.Pre-transplant Dg/Rw is a potential index to predict the early clinical outcome in living-related donor transplantation.