Dental Implantation ; standards ; Humans ; Terminology as Topic

Objective To compare the effects of biofeedback (BF) training on clinical symptoms , psychological status and quality of life in different subtypes of patients with functional defecation disorders (FDD) .Methods According to Rome Ⅲ criteria ,50 FDD patients were divided into non coordinated defecation (F3a) and the lack of promoting defecation (F3b) two subtypes .The patients of these two subtypes received BF training three times every week ,five to ten times each course ,two to three times training at home were required during and after treatment .The changes ,of clinical symptoms scores ,self‐rating anxiety scale (SAS) ,self‐rating depressive scale (SDS) and the patient assessment of constipation quality of life question naire (PAC‐QOL ) were compared between before and after BF training in the patients of two subtypes .The difference between two subtypes were also analyzed as well .Paired t‐test or Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was performed for comparison between before and after treatment ,and group t‐test or Wilcoxon rank sum test was for comparison between groups .Results Among 50 FDD patients , there were 13 cases of F3a type and 37 cases of F3b type .After BF training ,the clinical symptoms scores of two subtypes patients were both lower than those before BF training (5 .62 ± 3 .91 vs 8 .77 ± 3 .59 , 5 .89 ± 3 .67 vs 9 .35 ± 3 .22 ,t = 3 .264 and 6 .272 ,both P< 0 .01) .There were no statistically significant differences in the scores of clinical symptoms between two subtypes at before and after BF training (t =- 0 .545 and - 0 .230 ,both P > 0 .05) .After BF training ,the SAS scores of two subtypes patients were both lower than those before BF training (30 .85 ± 6 .67 vs 42 .46 ± 8 .37 ,30 .65 ± 7 .51 vs 38 .59 ± 8 .38 , t= 4 .536 and 6 .402 ,both P< 0 .01) ,and the scores of SDS were both lower than those before BF training (42 .85 ± 8 .30 vs 53 .92 ± 7 .98 ,43 .95 ± 12 .17 vs 55 .39 ± 10 .83 ,t = 4 .788 and 6 .830 ,both P< 0 .01) . There were no statistically significant differences in the scores of SAS and SDS between two subtypes at before and after BF training (t= 1 .431 ,0 .084 ,- 0 .447 and - 0 .301 ,all P> 0 .05) .After BF training ,the PAC‐QOL scores of two subtypes [0 .54 (0 .15 ,0 .88) 、0 .98 (0 .51 ,1 .34)] were both lower than those before BF training [2 .08(1 .18 ,2 .34) 、1 .86(1 .34 ,2 .29)] ,Z= - 2 .903 、- 4 .825 ,both P < 0 .01) .There were no statistically significant differences in the PAC‐QOL scores between two subtypes at before and after BF training (Z= 0 .409 ,1 .891 ,both P > 0 .05) .Conclusions BF training is both effective on two subtypes of FDD ,which can improve clinical symptoms ,psychological status and quality of life ,and with There is no difference in efficacy between the two subtypes .

Heart Failure ; Humans ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Prognosis

Objective To examine the effects of formaldehyde on the process of sperm development and reproductive capacity in male mice and the micronucleus rate of liver cells from offspring.Methods The mice were randomly divided into negative control group(NC),formaldehyde exposed group and positive control group (PC).The exposed dose was 21 mg?m-3 (1/24 LC50),42 mg?m-3 (1/12 LC50) and 84 mg?m-3 (1/6 LC50),respectively. 12 male mice were included in each group.Male mice from different formaldehyde exposed groups were inhaled with formaldehyde for 2 h one day,6 d each week,lasted for 13 weeks.The aberration rate of sperm in male mice and the micronucleus rate of liver cells from offspring were observed,and the reproductive capacity of male mice was detected by dominant lethal test.Results The aberration rates of sperm in mice from different formaldehyde exposed groups were significantly higher than that in negative control (P

Injury of peripheral nerve is a so common complication in trauma, that it is important to improve regeneration to recover the function of peripheral nerve. This paper has reviewed the pathology after injury of peripheral nerve, condition of successful regeneration of peripheral nerve, experiment and clinical study of electrical stimulation promoting regeneration of peripheral nerve and the possible mechanism. The effect of electrical stimulation on promoting regeneration of peripheral nerve has been gradually accredited. However, further study is still needed to discover the many unknown field.

Objective To study the relationship between serum trace elements and renal cell carcinoma.Methods The serum concentrations of multi-elements in 34 patients with renal cell carcinoma and 28 healthy volunteers were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The results were analyzed by partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and Fisher discriminant.Results Compared with healthy voluteers,the levels of vanadium (5 034.56 ng/L:4 401.23 ng/L ),cobalt (211.34 ng/L:158.67 ng/L),nickel(l 850.55 ng/L:1 587.12 ng/L),manganese(1 873.35 ng/L:932.68 ng/L) and cadmium(95.63 ng/L:36.43 ng/L) were significantly higher in patients with renal cell carcinoma (P ＜ 0.05 ).While,the concentrations of calcium( 10.83 mg/L:11.78 mg/L) and zinc(67.11 μg/L:70.92 pg/L)were significantly lower ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Discriminant analysis showed that the serum elements levels in the patients with renal cell carcinoma were significantly different from the healthy volunteers.The scores plot showed distinct clustering between patients and controls,the points of patients were obviously offset from the controls.The classification accuracy of Fisher discriminant function was 97.61％.Conclusion Trace elements in serum are significantly different in patients with renal cell carcinoma and healthy volunteers.Discriminant analysis of serum samples based on trace element levels is possible.Thus,it is feasible for early diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma by determination of trace elements and discriminant analysis.

BACKGROUND: Orotracheal intubation with conventional Macintosh laryngoscope often makes strong alterations in hemodynamic responses. Compare with the Macintosh laryngoscope, the Airtraq~((R)) laryngoscope has weak effect on throat irritation. However, the contrast effect on hemodynamics remains still unknown. OBJECTIVE: To compare the hemodynamical responses to orotracheal intubation between Airtraq~((R)) laryngoscope and Macintosh laryngoscope. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized comparative observation was performed at Department of Anesthesiology, Dalian Second People's Hospital between October 2008 and April 2009. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 40 patents scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia requiring orotracheal intubation were randomly divided into Airtraq~((R)) laryngoscope group and Macintosh laryngoscope group, with 20 cases in each group. METHODS: After standard intravenous anesthetic induction, orotracheal intubation was performed with Airtraq~((R)) laryngoscope or Macintosh laryngoscope. Common Airtraq~((R)) laryngoscope was used in the Airtraq~((R)) laryngoscope group, and an endotracheal tube with internal diameter of 8.0 was inserted. No. 3 lens were used in the Macintosh laryngoscope group, and an endotracheal tube with internal diameter of 8.0 was inserted. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Glottic exposure time, tracheal intubation time, noninvasive heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) before (T0) and after (T1) anesthetic induction as well as at 0 minute (T2), 1 minute (T3), 2 minutes (T4), and 3 minutes (T5) after intubation, as well as rate-pressure product (RPP). RESULTS: The glottic exposure time in Airtraq~((R)) laryngoscope group was significantly longer than that in Macintosh laryngoscope group (P < 0.01), while the tracheal intubation time in Airtraq~((R)) laryngoscope group was significantly shorter than that in Macintosh laryngoscope group (P < 0.01). Compared with pre-induction (T0), the SBP, DBP, and RPP of the two groups decreased significantly after anesthetic induction (T1) (P < 0.05), but the HR did not change remarkably (P > 0.05). Compared with T1, all hemodynamical values at T2, T3, T4 and T5 in Airtraq~((R)) laryngoscope group did not increased sign ificantly (P > 0.05). In Macintosh laryngoscope group, HR and RPP at T4, SBP, DBP, HR and RPP at T2 and T3 increased significantly compared with T1 (P < 0.05). In Macintosh laryngoscope group, HR and RPP at T2, T3 and T4 were significant higher than that in Airtraq~((R)) laryngoscope group (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: In comparison to the Macintosh laryngoscope, tracheal intubation with the Airtraq~((R)) laryngoscope resulted in less alterations in hemodynamical responses.

Objective To determine risk factors of environment and lifestyles involved in acute hematology departments of 29 secondary-care and tertiary-care hospitals in Shanghai. There were 206 hospitalized patients with de novo AML during June 2003 to April 2007 meeting the diagnostic criteria for AML by the World Health Organization, excluding those with definite history of radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and 412 age- and gender-matched controls with non-hematological other diseases from the same hospitals. All the participants were interviewed face-to-face using a standard structured questionnaire,including personal medical history, family medical history, history of medications, traditional Chinese herb medicines, exposure to occupational hazards, lifestyle factors, etc. in the past five years prior to onset of the disease. Conditional univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for AML. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that taking traditional Chinese herb medicine might be a protective factor for AML, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0. 39 and its 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0. 16-0. 98. Potential risk factors for AML included history of diabetes and taking hypoglycemic agents ( OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 0.67 -2. 87), occupational exposure to metal ( OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 0. 77 -3. 91 ), glue, paint and other coating materials, etc. ( OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 0. 93 - 3.2), raising animals (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 0. 79 -2. 24). No association of living within a distance of 100 meters from high voltage power transmission lines, home renovation and decoration in the past year, hair dyeing, smoking,alcohol drinking with AML in adults was found. Conclusions Factors mentioned above such as occupational exposure to metal, glue, paint and other coating materials potentially increase risk for AML in adults,however taking traditional Chinese herb medicine is possibly a protective factor for it.

0.05). In Macintosh laryngoscope group, HR and RPP at T4, SBP, DBP, HR and RPP at T2 and T3 increased significantly compared with T1 (P

Objective To observe the efficiency and toxicity of Vinorelbine(NVB) combined with Cisplatin (DDP) in the treatment of advanced breast cancer patients resistent to Adriamycin (ADM) or Taxol treatment.Methods 34 patients with 8 cases simplex carcinoma,20 cases infiltrating duct carcinomas,3 cases medullary carcinoma,1 case large sweat gland-like carcinoma and 2 cases scirrhous carcinoma,who were relaped and refractory after ADM or Taxol treatment,were treated with NVB 25mg/m2,DDP 25mg/m2,Ⅳ.Both drugs were given in a 21-days cycle.The efficacy was evaluated every 2 or 3 cycles by using response evaluation criteria in solid tumor.Results 2 cases of 34 assessable patients achieved complete response (CR),18 patients had partial response (PR),8 cases had stable disease(S D),6 cases had progressive disease(PD).The total effective rate was 58.8％ (CR + PR).The medium duration of response and medium survival time were 8.5 months and 18.3 months,respectively.The predominant toxicity was hematological,with grade Ⅲ～ Ⅳ leukopenia occurring in 50.0％ (17/34) patients.Other toxicities were nausea,vomiting,anemia,phlebitis and so on.Conclusion The regimen of NVB combined with DDP is active and well tolerated,with an acceptable price,in treatment of advanced breast patients with refractory and relapsed after ADM or Taxol treatment.