Circulating cell-free nucleic acids are defined as extracellular DNAs or RNAs in blood with physiological or pathological origins. Previous studies showed that the concentration of cell-free nucleic acids in the blood of cancer patients is significantly higher than in healthy people. Further studies showed that the genetic and epigenetic alterations of circulating cell-free nucleic acids are relevant to cancer development and progression, including mutation, hypermethylation, loss of heterozygosity, change of integrity, and abnormal expression of microRNAs. Detection of circulating cell-free nucleic acids shows promising potential in cancer screening, diagnosis, personalized treatment, and prognosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; drug therapy ; Child ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy

AIM: To observe the effect of Jianpixiaoshi Pill (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Fructus Aurantii Immaturus, Radix Aucklandiae, etc.) METHODS: We conducted the humoral immunity test, intestine peristal sis test, gastric emptying test, gastric analysis test on rat's and mouse's mode ls of splee n weak by oral administration of Rhubarb root lard and cabbag e, respectively. RESULTS: On mice fed on Rhubarb root, Jianpixiaoshi i Pill can effectively potentiate immunity, improve the velocity of stomach and intestine, expedite the advance speed of ink in the small intestine and the velo city of gastric emptying, reduce the residual rate of methyl orange in stomach. On rats fed on lard and cabbage, J ianpixiaoshi Pill can gain mouse's weight improved, increase the total acidity of the gastric juice and the activity of pepsin. CONCLUSION: Jiah pixiaoship Pill has remarkable effect on improvin g the function of intestine and stomach.

Objective:To study and sum up the experience of diagnosis and treatment of ureter obstruct by Simplification ureteroscope.Methods:the patients of 750 cases for ureterolith underwent ureteroscopic lithotomy and pressune orbit lithotripsy by using caudal anesthesia in outpatient the 11 cases ureterostensis were treated by watery capus expand,ureteroscopic hard expand and ureterotectomy by using of self-made electrode.Then,transurethral electro incisions of ureterocles were carried out for 2 patients.Results:Successful rate of ureteroscopic lithotomy is 98.4%;12 patient of upper ureter stone received ESWL because of stone entering the renal pelvis,and 3 cases complicated ureteral perforation;11 cases ureterostensis and 7 cases ureterocele were cured.Conclusions:It is frist chosen for ureteroscope to ureteral stone,ureteral stricture,and ureteroceles with a diameter of ≤3cm,and the method have ideal cure effect and the patients will receive.

Objective To evaluate male bulbourethral sling procedure for the treatment of post prostatectomy urinary incontinence. Methods 7 male patients with severe post prostatectomy incontinence underwent the male bulbourethral sling procedure,the patients being completely incontinent before treatment. Results The patients have been followed up for 14～26 months with a mean of 20.Ideal continence has been achieved in 6 and significantly improved in 1. Conclusions Bulbourethral sling procedure is effective for post radical prostatectomy and intrinsic sphincter deficiency urinary incontinence.

Objective To investigate the methods and effects of anterolateral thigh flap reconstruction of the complicated hip decubitus.Methods The study contained 24 cases of grade Ⅳ hip decubitus reconstructed with anterograde pedicled anterolateral thigh flaps through May 2010 to July 2014.There were 13 males and 11 females,aged 26-64 years (mean 54 years).Defects ranged in size from 12 cm×6 cm to 24 cm× 12 cm.Dimensions of flaps harvested were 14 cm ×8 cm to 30 cm× 14 cm.Eighteen cases of the donor sites were directly sutured and six covered with full thickness skin.Results Twenty-two flaps survived completely,and wound was healed by the first intension.Two flaps developed partial distal necrosis,and wound was healed after dressing treatment.Period of follow-up was 6 months to 2 years.Shape,texture and color of the flaps were well matched with the recipient area.Conclusion The anterolateral thigh flap transplantation has advantages of similarity to the recipient area,large enough flap area and sound expected effective and is a good method for repair of hip decubitus.

Objective To explore the effect of hepatitis B virus(HBV) on the expression of complement 3 (C3) and complement 4 (C4) and its regulatory mechanism.Methods Differentially expressed genes between HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells was screened by gene chip,serum complement component 3 (C3) and 4 (C4) levels in patients with HBV infection and in healthy individuals were measured by Immunoturbidimetry,HBV infectious clone pHBV1.3 was transfected into HepG2 cells,and expression of C3 and C4 was measured by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results Expression of C3 and C4 mRNA was lower in HepG2.2.15 cells than in HepG2 cells,serum C3 and C4 levels was much lower in patients with chronic hepatitis B and hepatic carcinoma as compared to healthy individuals (P＜0.05 ).HBV could downregulate the expression of C3 and C4 at mRNA and protein levels.Conclusion HBV may inhibit the expression both in vivo and in vitro.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) can cause immunosuppression on herds. PCV2, as an essential pathogen of PCV2-systemic disease (PCV2-SD), has caused considerable economic losses in pig industry worldwide. Here we review and address the evolution, viral protein and immunolesion of PCV2 and preventive techniques of PCV2-SD.
Animals ; Circoviridae Infections ; veterinary ; Circovirus ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Swine ; Swine Diseases ; virology ; Viral Proteins ; genetics

Objective To study a simple and manual contrast board in Double Contrast Examination,so as to decrease labor intensity and the X-ray influence to the work staff.Methods The integrated design consisted of two parts:filled gas and oppressive container.The gas and Barium was injected into the large intestine by manual control and its volume may be adjusted casually according to the requirement.Results It is proved in clinical application that the design is reasonable,the structure is simple and the operation is convenient.Conclusion The device makes the relationship between medical staff and patients more harmonious.It worth popularizing.

Background Traction of epiretinal membrane results in macular morphologic change and visual functional impairment in eye with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (IERM),therefore figuring out their relationship is helpful for evaluation of disease prognosis.Objective This study was to observe the morphological change of macula and microstructure,and analyze the relationship between retina thickness,integrity of cone outer segment tips (COST) line in fovea and visual acuity.Methods This was a retrospective case-observational study.Fifty-six consecutive cases diagnosed as IERM in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from March 2011 to December 2011 were enrolled in this study,and all the patients showed unilateral IERM with the normal fellow eyes.Sixteen patients were males and 40 were females,with a mean age of (61.05 ± 6.58) years old.Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) examination was performed on the eyes,and Macular Cube (512×128) and HD 5 Line program were selected.Mean retinal thickness of central area (＜1 mm diameter),inner ring area (1-3 mm diameter) and outer ring area (＞3-6 mm diameter) of macula and the status of COST line (intact or fractured) was recorded.Mean thickness of whole macular areas and the difference of foveal microstructure were compared,and the correlation between retinal thickness and visual acuity was analyzed using Pearson linear correlation analysis.Related parameters including age,visual acuity,retinal thickness were also compared between the continuous COST lines group and the fractured COST lines group by independent sample t test.Results The flatted or disappeared fovea was seen in IERM eyes on the SD-OCT image.Retinal thicknesses were (446±89)μm,(418±64)μm and (328±34)ttm in the central area,inner ring area and outer ring area of macula in the IERM eyes,exhibiting significant increasing in comparison with (250±22) μm,(319±17) μm and (279±17) μm in the normal fellow eyes (t=13.370,9.523,7.769,all P =0.000).Significantly negative correlations were found between the visual acuity and the central macular thickness,inner ring thickness or outer ring thickness (r=-0.686,-0.653,-0.417,P＜0.05).In the IERM eyes,COST band was intact in 20 eyes and lack in 36 eyes.Compared with COST band intact group,aging,worse vision and increased retinal thickness were seen in the COST band absent group (t =2.109,P =0.039 ; t =-4.093,P =0.000 ; t =6.669,P=0.000;t=5.376,P=0.000;t=4.247,P=0.000).COST band was clear in all the normal fellow eyes on the SD-OCT image.Conclusions Increase of macular thickness and disruption of COST band reflect the visual function damage in IERM eye.Deficiency of COST band on OCT image seems to be an early indication of photoreceptor damage.Incomplete fovea COST band is often seen in older patients.