Silicone rubber with advantages of stable performance, easy-shaping, considerable product bene- fits, has been widely used in biomedical engineering field and health care industries. Nevertheless, the application of silicone rubber in biomedicine is still challenged by its inherent shortcomings. In biocompatibility aspects, disad- vantages of silicone rubber products need to be overcome, including.'hydrophobic surface, poor imaging compatibili- ty, and occurrence of calcification after long-term implantation in body. Experts from all over the world have been studying on means of modifications over the past few years and the researches mainly focus on increasing the surface wettability, enhancing the function of X-ray resistance, and anti-calcification pre-treating. Although initial results are encouraging, biocompatibility of medical silicone rubber is not yet satisfactory.

Doctor Wu Songkang’s scholar thought and clinical experiences on TCM internal medicine are mainly featured with emphasis on analyzing and differentiating pathological conditions in accordance with the eight principal syndromes,from defining disease nature,recognizing diseased organs and position;not dealing with the same “syndrome” on chronic and refractory diseases,continually differentiating with the changing symptoms,the method being changed with different symptoms,drug with syndromes.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Arthritis, Gouty ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion

Objective To explore the clinical curative effects of angiotensin Ⅱ 1 receptor blocker in treating primary hypertension and its effects on insulin sensitivity.Methods Eighty primary hypertension patients were divided into the treatment group ( 40 cases,treated with telmisartan ) and the control group (40cases,treated with amlodipine) by random digits table.The treatment period was 8 weeks.After treatment,the clinical curative effect and insulin sensitivity was compared between the two groups.Results In treatment group and control group,the total effective rate was 75.0％(30/40) and 72.5％(29/40),there was no significant difference (P＞ 0.05 ).Before treatment,the insulin sensitivity index ( ISI ) in treatment group and control group was -4.5 ±0.8 and -4.7 ±0.7 (P ＞ 0.05),after treatment,the ISI was -3.2 ±0.5 and -4.4 ±0.6 (P＜0.05).Conclusion The clinical curative effects of angiotensin Ⅱ 1 receptor blocker in treating primary hypertension are obvious,and may improve the insulin sensitivity.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs)are ligand-activated nuclear tran-scription factors,playing an important role in the regulation of glucose and lipids metabolism,inflamma-tion response,proliferation and differentiation.Some drugs targeted on PPARs,such as lipid-lowering and antidiabetic drugs have been developed.Some PPAR agonists were found carcinogenic in animal experi ments,including PPAR αagonist fibrates,PPARγagonist thiazolidinediones,PPARα/γdual ago-nist compounds,and PPARδagonist compounds for clinical development.PPARαagonist carcinogenicity is associated with PPAR receptor activation that regulates lipid metabolis m,and leads to lipids abnormali-ties and increase by peroxisome oxidase in reactive oxygen species (ROS),causing DNA damage. Kupffer cells can generate ROS by NAD PH oxidase that pro motes hepatocyte proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis.PPARγagonist carcinogenicity is generally caused by bladder stone.The carcinogenicity of PPAR agonists to humans has not been confirmed,but the carcinogenic potential of these drugs can-not be ignored.

Calcification of silicone rubber is a pathologic mineralization phenomenon which occurs on the surface after it is implanted in vivo,and there is no effective prevention method.The important process of calcification including these steps:phosphate ions combined with calcium ions to promote nucleating aggregation,slow increasing,fusion,and gradually form a larger accumulation of hydroxyapatite calcium.The research had been developed to the level of cells and genes,such as matrix Gla protein clusters is a calcification inhibitor of the tissues around silastic prosthesis.It is necessary to obtain a theoretical breakthrough in the aspect of organic template modulation of inorganic crystals.Silicone elastomer having its own local anti-calcification property had been paid more attention.Fully revealing the mechanism of calcification and calcification-resistant of silicone rubber will probably provide the basis for building a new anti-calcification material.

BACKGROUND:The hedgehog pathway has paid an important role in the progress of chondrogenesis from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. However, the definite signal transduction pathway and cross-talking relationship with other common signal pathways are stil poorly understood and the researches related to this field is to continue as a hotspot in the future study. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the research progress of hedgehog signal pathway on the regulation of the chondrogenesis from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and the relationship between hedgehog and other signal pathways in the process. METHODS:A computer-based online search in CNKI, PubMed and Google Scholar databases was performed using key words of“Hedgehog, IHH, SHH, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, cartilage, chondrogenesis”in English and Chinese, respectively. Literatures related to the process of chondrogenesis from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were included and 36 articles were extensively summarized for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are currently accepted optimal cellseeds for the cartilage tissue engineering, and hedgehog is a critical signal molecule in the development of skeletal system. The IHH and SHH in hedgehog signal closely participate in control ing the processes of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cellproliferation and chondrogenesis, chondrocyte phenotype maintenance and cooperation with other common single pathways. However, the specific signal transduction mechanism and cross-talking contact with other signal pathways stil need to be further studied, and it stands for the future research directions.

The premature ovarian failure(POF) may be inherited as an X-linked condition.Among genetic causes,X monosomy or X deletions and translocations are known to be responsible for POF.The X chromosome disorders such as mutations of the human bone morphogenetic protein-15 gene,the zinc finger protein gene,the X-inactivation-specific transcript gene,the drosophila melanogaster diaphanous gene,the X 2 linked aminopeptidaseP enzyme gene,the fragile X mental retardation gene are associated with POF.

Objective To investigate the effect of protein kinase C (PKC)ζinhibitor T5450996 on the proliferation and invasion of skin squamous carcinoma cell line A-431. Methods PKCζinhibitor T5450996 was screened through Z′-LYTE?kit. Cell proliferation assay and cell cycle analysis were used to observe the effects of T5450996 on the proliferation of skin squamous carcinoma A-431 cells. Scratch assay and invasion assay were used to explore the effects of T5450996 on the migration and invasion of skin squamous carcinoma A-431 cells. Results The PKCζinhibitor T5450996 can inhibit the activity of PKCζkinase, and the IC50 value of T5450996 was about 35μmol/L. Compared to the control group, 35μmol/L and 70 μmol/L concentrations of T5450996 significantly suppressed the proliferation of A-431 cells and blocked the cell cycle of A-431 cells. The results of scratch assay and invasion assay indicated that the migration and invasion capacities of A-431 cells were markedly impaired after the treatments with 35μmol/L and 70μmol/L concentrations of T5450996 (P<0.05). However, 20μmol/L concentration of T5450996 showed no significant effect (P>0.05). Conclusion PKCζinhibitor T5450996 significantly inhibits the proliferation and invasion capacities of skin squamous carcinoma cell line A-431, and which may be a small molecular inhibitor with potential applications in the future.