Professor LIU Yan-chi is a well-known Chinese medicine experts at home and abroad,came from family medicine,is the country,s third and fourth groups academic heir tutors of the old Chinese teacher academic experience,full of rich academic experience.This paper introduces the Professor LIU diseases for urban residents to make good use Ziyin academic thinking,followed by the introduction of its common Ziyin drugs(Deodeok,Ophiopogon japonicus,Dendrobium).Finally,through listing,Professor LIU treating habitual constipation with producing Jin and clearing away heat,treating Parkinson,s disease with nouringing yin and calming endopathic wind and removing heat,summarized in flexible mode of thinking and bring us enlightenment.

Objective To explore the effects and feasibility of minimal local analgesic dose of hyperbaric levobupivacaine in elderly patients undergoing unilateral spinal anesthesia during lower limb orthopedic surgery.Methods Seven hundred and fifty-six elderly patients who scheduled lower limb orthopedic surgery were assigned to levobupivacaine group (383 patients) and bupivacaine group (373 patients) by random digits table method.Haemodynamic change were monitored before,during and after anesthesia.The level and duration of sensory and motor block in each group were evaluated.Results Compared with bupivacaine group,the sensory block and motor block onset time was significantly longer in levobupivacaine group [(5.9 ± 1.4) min vs.(4.2 ± 0.3) min,(11.7 ± 3.0) min vs.(9.1 ± 3.3) min] (P ＜0.05),but the motor block duration was shorter [(152.8 ± 17.5) min vs.(195.4 ± 18.7) min] (P ＜ 0.05).The scores of maximum motor block in levobupivacaine group was significantly lower than that in bupivacaine group[(1.1 ±0.3) min vs.(2.3 ±0.6) min](P＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in peak sensory block and haemodynamic between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Although levobupivacaine may be less potent than bupivacaine,it may be preferred for elderly patients with lower limb surgery because of satisfactory spinal anesthesia,good hsemodynamic stability and fast motor block regression.

Objective To establish a three-dimensional finite element model and make mechanical analysis of "V"-type atlantoaxial reduction and internal fixation. Methods According to "V"-type atlantoaxial and internal fixation,based on screw-type Ⅱ design parameters,and using Pro/E 2001 and MSC.Patran 2005 software,we set up a finite element model and calculated the region containing the node scope of the force as the sites binding and 100N mechanics adding. Results The model looked realistic,geometric similarity.The deformation stress field mainly concentrated in the reset device V-tip arm bending and stability.The strength of its maximum stress was 4.78MPa,and the scope had 2794 nodes.V-type wing of the acute angle point of convergence of the premises to bear the stress intensity followed.It was 0.31MPa,and the scope had 1953 nodes.V-type wing by the end of edge was the smallest for the 1.22?10-3MPa,and there was the scope of 1730 nodes. Ⅱ-shaped fixed nail stress concentrated at the central parts of tooth and the art on both sides of teeth,with maximum stress intensity of 1.68?10-2MPa,and there was the scope of 1146 nodes. Conclusion The reduction and fixation devices to load at the time of recovery deformation forces and mechanical characteristics adapted to Ni-Ti shape memory alloy material functions and super-elasticity completely,which meets the clinical needs.

Ninety fresh umbilical cords of newborns were harvested and dissected. There were 86 cords with double arteries and single vein and 4 cords with only 1 artery and 1 vein. The outer and inner perimeter of single artery, double arteries and the vein was 3 8?0 3mm vs 6 2?0 3mm, 2 4?0 2mm vs 4 6?0 2mm and 10 0?0 4mm vs 10 8?0 4mm at empty and flatened state, respectively. The diameter of vein at 20mmHg filling pressure and single and double arteries at 80mmHg was 7 2?0 3mm, 4 8?0 1mm and 3 9?0 8mm, respectively. According to these values, various drainage and perfusion metal tubes were designed and evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. By using these tubes,extracorporeal circulation was established successfully via umbilical artery and vein in a newborn who suffered from cardiac arrest after birth. The results suggest that CPB through umbilical artery and vein is simple, practical and effective.

Tissue factor is a powerful promoter of blood clotting in vivo , it plays an important role In hematischesis, tissue repair and thrombogenesis. In recent years, it is discovered that tissue factor can discriminate and regulate cell signal transduction, promote neogenesis of blood vessel and inflammatory reaction, regulate cell adhesion and movement, have a intimate relationship with invasion and metastasis of malignant tumor. In this article, we review the effects of tissue factor on malignant tumor metastasis.

Recently a number of acupuncture clinical trial projects mainly conducted by conventional scientists have generated many negative results. A large meta-analysis of patient-level acupuncture data for the treatment of chronic pain conditions have demonstrated that the effects of verum acupuncture on pain improvement have statistically significant, but small, differences compared with sham-acupuncture procedures and no difference between acupuncture points and non-points. These conclusions have puzzled the acupuncture community and made confusion for acupuncture research and practices. The purpose of this paper was to compare differences between acupuncture clinical practices and the trial studies, which include "acupuncture technical principles", "acupuncture clinical trial design", and "acupuncture practice based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine". These factors contribute to the puzzle between the acupuncture community/practice and acupuncture clinical trials, which can be improved in future studies.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Chronic Disease ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Meta-Analysis as Topic ; Pain Management ; methods ; Research Design

Heart Defects, Congenital ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Organ Size ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Syndrome

Objective To investigate the correlations between the level of blood lactic acid (Lac),lactate clearance rate (LCR) and emergency stratification Ⅰ or Ⅱ as well as the prognosis in patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted.The clinical data of 370 critically ill patients with emergency stratification Ⅰ or Ⅱ accompanying with hyperlactacidemia admitted to emergency center of People's Hospital of Wuwei City during January 2013 to April 2015 were analyzed.The patients were allocated into two groups:Lac ≥ 10 mmol/L (n =181) and Lac 4-10 mmol/L (n =189).Base excess (BE),acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score and hospital mortality were compared between the two groups.The differences in initial Lac,6-hour LCR and APACHE Ⅱ score were compared between survival group and death group as well as emergency stratification Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups.The correlation between initial Lac,6-hour LCR and APACHE]Ⅱ score was analyzed by Pearson correlation method.Results ① With the increase in Lac level,the negative deviation extent of BE and APACHE Ⅱ score in critical patients were gradually increased [BE (mmol/L):-16.74 ± 8.21 vs.-5.98 ± 8.43,APACHE Ⅱ score:27.6 ± 5.6 vs.20.1 ± 4.8],and hospital mortality was increased [76.79％ (139/181) vs.43.39％ (82/189),all P ＜ 0.01].② The initial Lac and APACHE Ⅱ score of the death group were significantly higher than those of the survival group [initial Lac (mmol/L):8.81 ± 4.71 vs.4.43 ± 2.82,APACHE Ⅱ score:23.6 ± 5.6 vs.17.3 ± 3.7],and 6-hour LCR was significantly decreased [(12.26 ± 6.47)％ vs.(35.16± 10.63)％,all P ＜ 0.01].③ Patients in emergency stratification Ⅰ group had a higher initial Lac and a higher APACHE Ⅱ score but a lower 6-hour LCR level than those in emergency stratification Ⅱ group [initial Lac (mmol/L):8.7±2.6 vs.6.8±2.0,APACHE Ⅱ score:25.2±6.3 vs.16.3±4.7,6-hour LCR:(14.8±4.7)％ vs.(33.5±5.8)％,both P ＜ 0.01].④ It was shown by correlation analysis that initial Lac was significantly positively correlated with APACHE Ⅱ score (r =0.731,P =0.017) in 370 emergency critical ill patients,while 6-hour LCR was negatively correlated with APACHE Ⅱ score (r =-0.694,P =0.010).Conclusions The early arterial blood Lac of patients with emergency stratification Ⅰ was significantly higher than emergency stratification Ⅱ,and the 6-hour LCR in patients with emergency stratification Ⅱ was significantly higher than emergency stratification Ⅰ.Furthermore,the Lac level and LCR were simple and easy to implement as compared with APACHE Ⅱ score in emergency critical ill patients.

BACKGROUND:Anterior cervical discectomy and intervertebral disc replacement have been extensively used in treatment of cervical degenerative disease. Its short-term therapeutic effects are encouraging, but it lacks of long-term and comprehensive evaluation.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the folow-up results of a group of cases of anterior cervical discectomy and Mobi-C intervertebral disc replacement for more than 5 years.
METHODS:A total of 25 cases of cervical spondylosis were treated in the 309 Hospital of Chinese PLA from January to September 2009. 19 of them were folowed up. Al patients received anterior cervical discectomy and Mobi-C intervertebral disc replacement. Twenty-three Mobi-C intervertebral disc prostheses were implanted. The range of motion was measured using lateral X-ray films during extension and flexion. Ectopic ossification was assessed by McAfee method. According to the cervical vertebra MRI images, the degeneration of adjacent segments was determined using Pearce classification. NDI score was used to evaluate the function of cervical spine. Pain improvement was evaluated using visual analogue scale score.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 19 patients were folowed up for 59-65 months, averagely 62 months. No significant difference in range of motion was detected before surgery and during final folow-up (P > 0.05). Ectopic ossification in two cases and the degeneration of adjacent segments in one case were found during final folow-up. No prosthesis loosening or displacement appeared. Visual analogue scale score and NDI score were significantly lower during final folow-up compared with that before surgery (P < 0.05). These results indicate that under the premise of reasonable choice of indications, the therapeutic effect of Mobi-C intervertebral disc replacement for degenerative cervical spondylosis was satisfactory in five-year folow-up. The range of motion was good, and the incidences of ectopic ossification and the degeneration of adjacent segments were low.

BACKGROUND:At present, the development of reprogramming technology provides a wide prospect for stem cellresearch. Through the ectopic co-expression of reprogramming factors, the somatic cells can be reprogrammed to a pluripotent state, termed as induced pluripotent stem cells, which can avoid the ethical controversy faced in the research and application of embryonic stem cells. Also, we can generate patient-specific and disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells, which significantly decrease immuno-rejection. However, reprogramming technology faces some chal enges, such as low efficiency and safety.
OBJECTIVE:Based on the characteristics of induced pluripotent stem cells and the principles of reprogramming, to detail the progress in reprogramming technology from five aspects, including cellresources, carriers, transcription factors, microRNA and signal transduction pathway. 
METHODS:A computer-based online retrieval was performed to search papers published form January 1990 to April 2013 in VIP periodical ful-text database, Wanfang periodical ful-text database, CNKI periodical ful-text database, PubMed database and Springer database with key words of“reprogramming, induced pluripotent stem cell, signal transduction pathway, epigenetics, microRNA, transcription factor, vector, somatic cell, smal molecule compound, safety”both in Chinese and English. After excluding objective-independent papers, 67 papers were included for further analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:By exploring different cellresources, different carriers, various combination of transcription factors, microRNAs or inhibition of the signal transduction pathways, the reprogramming efficiency and safety have been improved greatly. However, currently, induced pluripotent stem cells stil could not meet the requirement of clinical application. To achieve the clinical application of induced pluripotent stem cells, it is urgent to explore the mechanism of reprogramming, and to optimize the programming strategy.