Objective To investigate the expression of CD158b in NK cells after allogeneic kidney transplantation.Methods In 62 patients with allogeneic kidney transplantation, blood samples were collected on the day before operation, first, 7th day after operation, the moment the graft (reco)-(vered) and the acute rejection occurred. The expression of CD158b was detected in peripheral blood NK cells. The ratio of CD3~-CD16/56~+CD158b~+ was measured.Results There were 38 patients without acute rejection during the whole transplantation period. The ratio of CD3~-CD16/56~+ cells and CD3~-CD16/56~+CD158b~+ cells were stable before and after the transplantation. Twenty-four patients experienced acute rejection post-transplantation. The ratio of CD3~-CD16/56~+ cells was increased significantly after acute rejection, the ratio of CD3~-CD16/56~+CD158b~+ cells decreased significantly, and the percentage of CD3~-CD16/56~+CD158b~+ cells of total NK cells decreased significantly.Conclusion There are not too much factors interfering with the expression of CD158b in NK cells, and the ratio of CD3~-CD16/56~+CD158b~+ cells had already decreased significantly before the clinical diagnosis of (acute) rejection. Monitoring of CD158b in NK cells is more accurate and sensitive for the evaluation of immune state.

It is now clear that both endogenous and exogenous sources of nitric oxide(NO) exert important modulatory effects on cardiac mitochondrial function.There is also growing evidence that NO can be produced within the mitochondria themselves.NO can influence respiratory activity,both through direct effects on the respiratory chain or indirectly via modulation of mitochondrial calcium accumulation.At pathological concentrations,NO causes irreversible alterations in respiratory function and also interacts with reactive oxygen species(ROS) to form reactive nitrogen species(RNS),which may further impair mitochondrial respiration and even lead to open the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and induce cell death.Diabetes,aging,myocardial ischemia,and heart failure are all associated with altered ROS generation,which can alter the delicate regulatory balance of effects of NO in the mitochondria.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a quantitative analysis of volatile constituents from Tamarix ramosissima.METHODS: The volatile constituents were extracted from T.ramosissima using solid phase microextraction and identified using GC-MS combined with Kvotas retention index.RESULTS: 34 constituents were separated from T.ramosissima and 25 constituents were identified.The relative mass content of volatile constituents was determined by peak area normalization method,accounting for 89.50% of total peak area.The main chemical constituents were pentadecane (16.83%),nonanal (12.45%),hexadecane (8.20%),tetradecane (8.08%) and hexanal (7.37%).The result showed hydrocarbon (37.11%),aldehyde (27.56%),ketone (8.89%) and alcohol (8.04%) were the main constituents.CONCLUSION: The study can provide scientific basis for the further development of T.ramosissima.

Objective To explore endoscopic diagnosis,treatment,pathological features and prognosis of gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors.Methods Retrospective analysis of 72 cases of gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors which were endoscopically diagnosed,treated,pathologically confirmed and followed up from July 2004 to July 2010 in Shanxi Provincial People' s Hospital.Common endoscopic diagnosis,endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)diagnosis,pathological features,treatment and prognosis were summarized.Results Twenty six cases of upper gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors and 46 cases of lower gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors were diagnosed and followed up.A total of 65 cases were single carcinoid and 7 were multiple carciniods.Tumors were mostly yellowish hard nodules with limited range of movement.EUS showed uneven hypoechoic nodules in the submucosal layer.Fifty-one cases of single carcinoid tumor were successfully treated with endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)or endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)and the cure rate was 96.2％(51/53).Three cases of multiple carciniods were cured with EMR and the cure rate was 3/7.There was no tumor recurrence after treatment during follow-up.Conclusions Endoscopy examination is an important way to detect early carcinoid tumors.Endoscopic ultrasound probe can further clarify source and level of the lesion,and provide the basis for the endoscopic therapy.EMR and ESD are the preferred radical treatment for early carcinoid tumors.

Biodegradable and biocompatible functional polymers show high potential as novel drug carriers in disease diagnosis and therapy.Recently,protein drugs have brought about major breakthroughs in the treatment of various diseases including cancer,while the development of carrier technology is relatively delayed.This article reviews recent advances in biodegradable functional polymers as protein drug nanocarriers.Additionally,we have discussed the perspective of developing new generations of biocompatible and functional polymers.

Objective To evaluate the clinical features and early management of combined thoracoabdominal injury (CTI).Methods A retrospective study was carried out in 29 cases with CTI treated surgically.There were 21 cases with penetrating injuries and 8 cases with blunt injuries.All cases were associated with penumothorax and/or hernothorax at various degrees and 13 cases complicated with shock.In this study thoracotomy was performed in 17 cases,laparotomy in 6 cases,thoracotomy plus laparotomy in 5 cases and combined thoraco-laparotomy in 1 case.Results The injury severity score in this series was (40.16±15.23) scores.Four cases were died from hemorrhagic shock (2 cases),pericardial tampenade(1 case) and multiple organ failure(1 case).Conclusions CTI has high mortality rate,and the most frequent cause of death is hypovolemic shock.The operative approach is based on individual injury condition.Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are key to improving the cure rate and reducing mortality in severe CTI.

Liposome is an artificially prepared spherical vesicle that has a phospholipid bilayer. Given that the basic structure of its biological membrane is also a lipid bilayer membrane, liposome shares similar structures with body cells Therefore, liposome has good biocompatibility and advantages such as biodegradability, low immunogenicity, and subtle toxicity. Liposome has been widely ap-plied as an effective drug carrier. Studies on liposome-encapsulated fluorescent dye on tumor tracing have been reported in recent years. Liposome can become a more advantageous transport carrier with continuous development of surface modification materials and prepa-ration methods. The long cycle, targeted liposome-encapsulated drugs, and fluorescent dye have become the focus of interest for several researchers. This article mainly discusses the application and progress of long cycle and targeted liposome in cancer research.

Objective To study the mechanism of interferon-γ(IFN-γ)on the intervention of renal carcinoma cell proliferation.Methods Using concentration of 1 000,2 000,3 000 U/mL IFN-γtreatment of renal cell carcinoma 786-0 cell line,in 24 hours,48 hours,72 hours after treatment,the inhibition rate of cell proliferation was determined with CCK-8 method,using flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle,using RT-PCR for detection of hepaCAM mRNA,and using the Western boltting method for detection of MAD1 protein expression.Results Different concentrations of IFN-γhad the inhibitory effects on renal cell carcinoma cell proliferation,the concentration of the inhibitory rate of 72 hoursand 48 hours more than 24 hours,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);at the same time,a higher IFN-γconcentration,the inhibition rate was greater,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05 );the cell cycle distribution results showed,the experimental group of renal carcinoma cells proliferation in the treatment of abnormal G0/G1 phase after 48 hours;and the control group (39.89 )compared with the experimental group,the proliferation index (25.65 )decreased significantly,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05 );results showed that,the experimental group in renal cell carcinoma cells after 48 h of treatment,compared with control group,hepaCNM mRNA,MAD1 protein expression increased obviously,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05 ).Conclusion IFN-γcould increase the expression of MAD1 by promoting hepaCAM expression,inhibits renal carcinoma cell proliferation.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of the extracts of Polygonum lapathifolium on the activity of ?-glucosidase.METHODS:Soxhlet extraction was applied to extract overground part of P.lapathifolium,and the inhibition effect of extracts on ?-glucosidase was determined with 96-microplate-based method,and the inhibitory kinetic characteristics of methanol extract was investigated using Lineweaver-Burk method.RESULTS:The extracts from P.lapathifolium showed good inhibitory activity.The methanol extract had the highest inhibitory activity (IC50=2.13 ?g?mL-1)followed by ethyl acetate extract (IC50=3.826 ?g?mL-1),petroleum ether extract (IC50=230.86 ?g ? mL-1).And they were all higher than that of acarbose (IC50=1 103.01 ?g?mL-1) as positive control.Inhibitory kinetics test indicated that methanol extract was noncompetitive inhibitor.CONCLUSION:The extracts of P.lapathifolium have good inhibition effect on the activity of ?-glucosidase with a good prospect of development and utilization.

Objective To investigate the difference between nodular gastritis and atrophy gastritis.Methods During 2004.4～2005.3, the clinical, endoscopic and pathological findings of nodular gastritis and atrophy gastritis were analysed.Results Nodular gastritis is usually classified as nodular type A(nodular gastritis) and type B(atrophic gastritis with nodular changes). The endoscopic appearance of nodular gastritis was characterized as uniform miliary pattern and predominantly affected young women. The incidence of dyspeptic symptom was higher in patients with nodular gastritis than in atrophy gastritis. Nodular gastritis in adults is caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. Antral biopsy specimens showed lymphoid follicle formation and/or marked lymphoid aggregates. The prevalence of lymphoid follicle formation in the antrum was higher in patients with nodular gastritis than atrophy gastritis. Moderate to severe atrophy gastritis also usually has the same nodular endoscopic appearance,but that is not uniform and intensive.Conclusion Nodular gastritis is a very special gastritis with Helicobacter pylori infection and is different from atrophy gastritis.It is worth to be noticed.