Idiopathic macular hole (IMH) refers to full thickness defects of retina in macular area with no clear reasons.The management of IMH includes vitrectomy combined with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and pharmacological vitreolysis.But ILM peeling may damage the inner retina;novel techniques,such as inverted ILM flap technique and foveola non-peeling ILM surgery,autologous ILM transplantation had made the method of ILM peeling more diversified with less damage.Pharmacological vitreolysis targeting fibronectin and laminin is considered to work in a two-step mechanism,involving both vitreoretinal separation and vitreous liquefaction.Furthermore,IMH judgment and prognosis indicators like ellipsoid zone,macular hole index,hole formation factor,diameter hole index and tractional hole index based on spectral domain optical coherence tomography enriched the assessment of macular hole diameter,depth and shape.How to make full use of new interventions to reduce the incidence of macular hole and obtain a better visual acuity with closed holes is an important direction for future research.

Objective To know water quality of different sectors of Yangtse River after the Three Gorges reservoir kept 135 m water level. Methods Eight locations in six cities sectors(Fengdu,Wushan) of Yangtse River were selected as the monitor point and water samples were collected according to the related national standard (GB12997,1991). 96 samples were collected in May and August, 16 parameters (pH, DO, BOD5, CODCr, Ar,OH, TCN,As, Hg, Cr6+, oil, Pb, Cd, NH3,N, TP, TN, CODMn) of every sample were detected based on the methods documented in the related national standards and compared the results with the results of past years. Results 135 m water level had no significant influence on the water quality of different sectors of Yangtse River(II, III grade). Water quality had no significant change before and after 135 m water level emerged the primary contaminations which effect water quality were total nitrogen and total phosphors. Conclusion No significant change of water quality of Yangtse River has been seen after the Three Gorges reservoir kept 135 m water level.

Objective To investigate the fatigue in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM),and analyze its related factors.Methods A total of 211 patients with type 2 diabetes were investigated with Chinese version of Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 (MFI-20),Medical Outcomes Study Health Status Short Form-Vitality (SF-36-VT) and demographic survey questionnaire.T test,one-way AVOVA and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data.Results The fatigue incidence of 211cases of patients with type 2 diabetes was 63.5％ (134/211),the mean score of MFI-20 was 54.10±15.63,and women's score (57.89±15.32) was significantly higher than that of men (51.54±15.37)(t=2.949,P ＜ 0.01).Physical fatigue got the highest score of the three dimensions in MFI-20,which was 2.99±1.03,the mental fatigue scored 2.67±0.82.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that fatigue was related to the sports,2hPBG,rest situation,cerebrovascular complications and the number of complications,which could totally explain 30.7％ of the variance.Conclusions More attention should be paid to fatigue of T2DM patients.Effective interventions should be carried out to relieve the fatigue status of T2DM patients and improve their self-management ability and quality of life.

Objective The purpose of the study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese Version of Hypoglycemia Fear Survey Ⅱ-Worry Scale (CHFSⅡ-WS) and provide a psychological assessment tool for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods The CHFSⅡ-WS was tested in 300 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for measuring the scale's reliability and validity.Results The itemlevel content validity index (Ⅰ-CVI) of the CHFSⅡ-WS was 0.78～1.00,the scale-level content validity index (S-CVI) was 0.928.Through the exploratory factor analysis two factors were extracted which accounted for 52.959％ of the total variance.The test-retested reliability of the CHFSⅡ-WS was 0.911,Cronbach'α coefficient was 0.904.Conclusions The CHFSⅡ-WS has excellent reliability and validity,which can be used as a valid tool for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in China.

BACKGROUND:Anterior cervical discectomy and intervertebral disc replacement have been extensively used in treatment of cervical degenerative disease. Its short-term therapeutic effects are encouraging, but it lacks of long-term and comprehensive evaluation.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the folow-up results of a group of cases of anterior cervical discectomy and Mobi-C intervertebral disc replacement for more than 5 years.
METHODS:A total of 25 cases of cervical spondylosis were treated in the 309 Hospital of Chinese PLA from January to September 2009. 19 of them were folowed up. Al patients received anterior cervical discectomy and Mobi-C intervertebral disc replacement. Twenty-three Mobi-C intervertebral disc prostheses were implanted. The range of motion was measured using lateral X-ray films during extension and flexion. Ectopic ossification was assessed by McAfee method. According to the cervical vertebra MRI images, the degeneration of adjacent segments was determined using Pearce classification. NDI score was used to evaluate the function of cervical spine. Pain improvement was evaluated using visual analogue scale score.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 19 patients were folowed up for 59-65 months, averagely 62 months. No significant difference in range of motion was detected before surgery and during final folow-up (P > 0.05). Ectopic ossification in two cases and the degeneration of adjacent segments in one case were found during final folow-up. No prosthesis loosening or displacement appeared. Visual analogue scale score and NDI score were significantly lower during final folow-up compared with that before surgery (P < 0.05). These results indicate that under the premise of reasonable choice of indications, the therapeutic effect of Mobi-C intervertebral disc replacement for degenerative cervical spondylosis was satisfactory in five-year folow-up. The range of motion was good, and the incidences of ectopic ossification and the degeneration of adjacent segments were low.

Objective To evaluate the reliability of colony PCR in identifying the recombinant clones selected from phage antibody libraries. Methods The digested pComb3 vector and Lc fragments, Lc library plasmid, and Fd fragments were ligated successively. The ligation product was transformed into Escherichia Coli strain XL 1-blue bacilli by electroporation and thus murine Fab phage antibody library was constructed.The transformed recombinant clones selected randomly from libraries were identified simultaneously by colony PCR, plasmid PCR and restriction enzyme digestion. The identification consistency was analyzed. The interference was excluded by control PCR using the relevant constituents as template. Results The educed library content of Lc library was 1.175?10 6 CFU and the content of Fab antibody library was 1.02?10 6 CFU. Different recombinant percentages were obtained through three different identification methods (the Lc positive recombinant percentages by colony PCR, plasmid PCR and enzyme digestion were 100%, 78% and 78%, respectively; the Fd positive recombinant percentages by three methods were 90%, 66% and 66%, respectively; the dual positive recombinant (Fd and Lc insert simultaneously) percentages by three methods were 90%, 50% and 50%, respectively). A high frequency of false-positives appeared in colony PCR identification. Nonspecific amplification of control PCR was presumably induced by some intracellular components in XL 1-blue bacilli. Conclusion The identification of the recombinant clones selected from phage antibody libraries by colony PCR remains ambiguous. So it is our assertion that the traditional identification methods such as plasmid PCR or enzyme digestion are more accurate and will less false positive results.

Objective To investigate the effect of radix salviae milliorhize on hemodynamics of portal hypertensive rats.Methods 60 Wistar rat models with portal hypertension were induced by CCl_4.Among them 56 rats with portal hypertension were divided at random into 4 groups: radix salviae 3 d group,radix salviae 10 d group,radix salviae 15 d group,and control group.After administration,the blood flow of vena portae,superior mesenteric artery,superior mesenteric artery and pressure of vena portae,average arterial pressure were measured.(Results Compared) with 0.9% Natrii Chloridi control group,the blood flow of vena portae,superior mesenteric artery,superior mesenteric artery and pressure of vena portae,average artery pressure in radix salviae milliorrhize 3,10 and 15 d groups were decreased significantly(P0.05).Conclusion Radix salviae milliorhize can be employed for treating portal hypertension.Radix salviae milliorrhize can decrease the blood flow and portal pressure,moreover,the effect can be enhanced with the elongation of treatment time.

Acute Disease ; Cardiomyopathies ; chemically induced ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; Critical Illness ; Ethylene Oxide ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nervous System Diseases ; chemically induced ; Occupational Diseases ; chemically induced ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; chemically induced

Objective To construct human-mouse hybrid Fab phage antibody libraries and to select target Fab genes. Methods With Fd repertoire genes of PBMC from hepatoma patients and the chemeric light chain gene of cFab-HAb18, two hybrid Fab phage antibody libraries(pComb3 and pComb3X) were constructed. The GST fusion and non-fusion HAb18GE were used as antigens to select the target antibodies with the optimized strategies of amplifying and screening. Results When pComb3 displaying library was cultivated at 37℃, the target fragments could not be cut out with the restriction endonucleases from most clones of the library, which was an indication of “recombinant-deletion”. But no “recombinant-deletion” was found in pComb3X displaying library. Because of the serious cross-reaction, the phage-display Fab ELISA could not be used for the selection of positive clones. But positive clones could be identified in the supernatant of lysate with ELISA afterbeing induced by IPTG. Conclusion Through the construction of HuMFab phage antibody libraries and the optimization of screening strategies, we get the desired HuMFab genes for subsequent research.

Boronic Acids ; adverse effects ; Bortezomib ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Fish Oils ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Pyrazines ; adverse effects