Objective To investigate the early MRI performance and the evolution of premature infants who developed into periventficular leucomalacia (PVL) eventually.Methods Twelve premature infants diagnosed as PVL by MRI in the department of neonatology in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from Jan 2010 to Dec 2013 were selected,all of the cases underwent conventional MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) examination twice,the first examinations were finished in 2 to 7 days (mean 5.5 d) after birth and the second examinations were taken in 17 to 23 days(mean 20.3 d).Results The first examination showed:all cases performed high signal intensity of periventricular matter,including 6 diffuse and symmetrical,3 linear and 3 clustered high signal.However,only 5 of the 12 cases showed slightly high signal on T1 weighted image with low signal on T2 weighted image on conventional MRI,the other 7 cases showed no change;for the reexamination:foci of different numbers and sizes showed up in all cases,with the performance of low signal on T1 weighted image,high signal on T2 weighted image and low signal on DWI correspondingly.Conclusion DWI is superior to conventional MRI in finding and forecasting PVL;diffuse white matter damage have more probability to develop into PVL,severe local white matter damage such as multi-clustered and linear damage also can develop into PVL.

Objective To investigate the expression and effect of elastin in full-term rats with hyperoxia induced by chronic lung diseases. Methods One hundred and forty-four full-term rats are randomly exposed to hyperoxia (hyperoxia group)and room air(room air group).Chronic lung disease(CLD)is induced by hyperoxia exposure. Gomori's stain for elastic fibers and in situ hybridization methods were used to detect the expressions of secondary crest and tropoelastin mRNA on the 1st,3 rd, 7th, 10th,14th and 21st days after exposure. Results The expressions of secondary crest decreased significantly in hyperoxia group, compared with room air group on the 3rd to 14th days(P＜0.05).The expressions of tropoelastin mRNA decreased significantly in hypemxia group, compared with room air group on the 3rd to 10th days (P＜0.05),otherwise increased significantly from the 14th to 21 st days(P＜0.05). Hyperoxia exposure can delay the peak of tropoelastin mRNA. Conclusion Elastin is involved in the inhibition of alveolarization and lung fibrosis in the development of CLD.

Objective To investigate the correlation between brain injury and premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)and to analyze the risk factors of brain injury in premature infants with BPD based on MRI changes.Methods A total of 1 13 premature infants diagnosed with BPD were studied as case group from January 2010 to December 2014 at the neonatal ward of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University.One hundred and sixty-two premature infants without BPD were selected as control group.There were no significant differences in gestational age and birth weight between the two groups.All cases were per-formed MRI examination in hospital.The occurrence of brain injuries(white matter injury and intracranial hemorrhage)were compared based on MRI changes between the two groups,and the risk factors of brain in-jury in case group were analyzed.Results The case group and control group were performed MRI on (33.73 ±16.00)d,(24.40 ±12.29)d after birth respectively.The ratio of brain injury,intracranial hemor-rhage,cerebral white matter damage and severe brain injury of case group was higher than those of the control group(48.7% vs.32.7%,3 1.9% vs.21.6%,31.9% vs.21.6%,16.8% vs.8.6%,respectively).The differences were significant in the ratio of brain injury and severe brain injury (P =0.008,P =0.040,respec-tively).Logistic regression analysis showed that postnatal infection was a risk factor for brain injury of the case group(OR =2.21 ,95%CI 1.04 ~4.72,P ﹤0.05).Conclusion More brain injury(including the white matter injury and intracranial hemorrhage)and severe brain injury(including grade III ~IV intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia)are detected in premature infants with BPD.Postnatal infection is a risk factor of brain injury for premature infants with BPD.

Objective To investigate the change and its clinical significance of serum erythropoietin(EPO) content in the patients with acute cerebral stroke.Methods The serum EPO content in 60 patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI),45 patients with cerebral hemorrhage(CH) and 40 patients with other nervous system diseases(control group) were detected by radio-immunity means.The patients with acute cerebral stroke were evaluated by National Institute of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS).Results The serum EPO content in ACI group and CH group [(1.64?0.41)ng/ml,(1.59?0.54)ng/ml] were significant higher than that in the control group [(1.17?0.86)ng/ml](all P

Objective To investigate dynamic changes of extracellular signal regulated protein kinase (ERK) 1/2 in lung fibroblast of newborn rats with chronic lung disease (CLD) caused by hyperoxia.Methods Full-term newborn rats were randomly divided into two groups:air-exposed group and hyperoxia - exposed with 90％ oxygen group.Rats were sacrificed separately 3 d,7 d and 14 days after exposure to air or 90％ oxygen. Then lung fibroblasts of rats were isolated and primarily cultured. By using Immunocystochemistry,Western-blot and RT-PCR methods,the levels of ERK1/2 protein and expressions of ERK1/2 mRNA were measured. Results The levels of p-ERK1/2 protein in lung fibroblast in the hyperoxia group were significant higher on the 7th day and 14th day after exposure to 90％ oxygen compared with those in the air-exposed group (P ＜0.01 ).And the levels of total ERK1/2 protein and expressions of ERK1/2 mRNA did not change noticeably and were not significantly different between two groups (P ＞0.05 ).Conclusions The activation of phosphorated ERK1/2 may lead to lung fibrosis caused by hyperoxia in newborn rats.

ObjectiveTo study the expression and the role of α-smooth muscle aetin (α-SMA) and collagen Ⅰ ( Col Ⅰ ) in lung fibroblasts of newborn rats with hyperoxia-induced lung injuries.Methods Thirty full-term newborn Wistar rats were randomly assigned to hyperoxia group (90％ oxygen exposure,n =15 ) and air group (room air exposure,n =15) within 12 h after birth.Then lung fibroblasts were isolated and primary cultured from rat lungs on postnatal 3 d,7 d,and 14 d.The distribution of α-SMA protein were measured by immunohistochemistry.The levels of Col Ⅰ were detected by ELISA.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the levels of α-SMA and Col Ⅰ expressions between the two groups at 3 d ( P＞0.05 ).While the expression of α-SMA ( 112.60 ± 4.61 vs 94.69 ± 2.38,200.30 ± 3.97 vs 103.04 ± 1.91,P＜0.01 ) and Col Ⅰ protein [ ( 28.66 ± 1.15 ) μ.g/L vs ( 24.62 ± 3.15 ) μg/L,( 30.60 ± 0.65 ) μg/L vs (27.46 ± 1.68 ) μg/L,P ＜ 0.05 ] in lung fibroblasts caused by hyperoxia were significantly higher than those in air-exposed group on postnatal 7 d and 14 d.There was positive correlation between α-SMA and Col Ⅰ protein ( r =0.72,P＜0.01 ).ConclusionHyperoxia promotes differentiation of lung fibroblasts into myofibroblasts,and synthesis of type Ⅰ collegen in neonatal rats,which leads to lung fibrosis finally.

Aim Drug repositioning is to find new indications for existing drugs,however,potential drug-disease relationships are often hidden in millions of unknown relationship.With the analyzing of medical big data,we predict the potential drug-dis-ease relationships.Methods Based on the assumption that similar drugs tend to have similar indications,we applied a rec-ommendation-based strategy to drug repositioning.First,we col-lected the information of known drug-disease therapeutic effect, side effect,drug characters and disease characters;second,we calculated the drug-drug similarity measurements and disease-disease similarity measurements;last,we used a collaborative filtering (CF)method to predict unknown drug-disease relation-ships based on the known drug-disease relationships by integra-ting the similarity measurements,and built a ranking list of pre-diction results.Results The experiments demonstrated that a-mong the TOP 500 of the list,1 2.8% were supported by clinical experiments or review,and 20% were supported by model or-ganism or cell experiments.Conclusion Compared to the clas-sification model and random sampling results,the CF model can effectively reduce the false positives.

ObjectiveTo study the anatomic characteristic of the attachment of medial patellofemoral ligament and its function in patellar stability. MethodsThirty adult cadaver knees were used for anatomic study, and the attachments of medial patellofemoral ligament were observed and measured. Results The femoral attachment of medial patellofemoral ligament was anchored to the bone between the medial femoral epicondyle and the adductor tubercle. The fibers here were thin and narrow, and became thick and wide to the anterior. The patellar attachment was in the superior two-thirds of the medial margin of the patella. The fiber here were the thickest and the widest. Conclusion The anatomic characteristic of the attachment of medial patellofemoral ligament was revealed, providing anatomical bases for surgery.

Objective To study the value of using endoscopy iodine staining combined detecting the expression of p53, survivin and telomerase in the diagnosis of early esophageal carcinoma and precancerous lesions. Methods Three hundred patients who received routine gastrescopy and had high risk of esophageal carcinoma were examined by the iodine dyeing on their esophageal mucosa with 2. 5% Lugol solu-tion. Multiple biopsies were taken from the unstained or light-stained areas when their diameters were over 5mm for pathology diagnosis. The expression of p53, survivin and telomerase were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results With the Lugol staining method, the incidences of light, moderate and high grade dysplasia and early esophageal carcinoma were 16. 3% ,9. 7% ,3.7% and 4. 3% respectively. The expression of p53, survivin and telomerase were related and the unstained were related to the expression of p53, survivin and telomerase in dysplasia and early esophageal carcinoma. Using endoscopy iodine staining combined testing p53, survivin and telomerase showed sensitiv-ity of 100%, specificity of 92. 3% and accuracy of 91.8% to diagnose of early esophageal carcinoma and high grade dysplasia. Conclusion Lugol solution chromoendscopy combined assay of p53, survivin and telomersse might be useful in the diagnosing early esophageal carcino-ma and precancerous lesion.

Objective To discuss the value of dual-time-point 18FDG PET-CT imaging on involved field radiotherapy for hilar and mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods Fifty-four patients with NSCLC were included in this analysis,including 34 men and 20 women with mean age of 59(34-76)years.Two sequential PET-CT scans given 3-5 days before surgery were standard single-time-point imaging for the whole body and delayed imaging for the thorax.The pathologic data were used as golden standard to determine the difference between the standard single-time-point and dual-time-point FET-CT imaging in the definition of gross target volume(GTV)of involved-field radiotherapy for metastatic lymph nodes. Results For hilar metastatic lymph nodes,the GTV defined by single-time-point imaging was consistent with pathologic GTV in 21 patients(39%),comparing with 31 patients(57%) by dual-time-point imaging.Using pathologic data as golden standard,GTV alteration defined by single-time-point imaging had statisticaly significant difference comparing with that defined by dual-time-point imaging(u=519.00,P=0.023).For mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes,the GTV defined by single-time-point imaging was consistent with pathologic GTV in 30 patients(56%),comparing with 36 patients(67%)by dual-time-point imaging.Using pathologic data as golden standard.GTV alteration defined by single-time-point imaging had no statisticaly significant difference comparing with that defined by dual-time-point imaging(u=397.50,P=0.616).Conclusions For patients with NSCLC receiving involved-field radiotherapy,GTV definition for hilar and mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes by dual-time-point imaging is more consistent with that by pathologic data.Dual-time-point imaging has a larger value in terms of target delineation for hilar and mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes.