Objective Response surface methodology ( RSM ) was applied to optimize the ultrasonic extraction conditions for flavonoids from Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. Methods The influence factors of ultrasonic extraction were evaluated using the Box-Behnken central component experiments and analyzed by RSM. Results The optimum extraction conditions were confirmed as follows:extraction time 30. 0 min, ratio of liquid to solid 21∶1, concentration of ethanol 60%. The yield of flavonoids under this condition was (4.65±0.036)% (n=3). Conclusion The flavonoids could be extracted with stability and higher yield from Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt under optimized conditions.

Aim To compare the inhibition of lipid peroxidation of ethyl acetate extract( EAE) and n-buta-nol( BE) extract from Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. in vitro. To investigate the parameters such as body weight, bio-chemical indexes in plasma, and viscera indexes on type 2 diabetes mice by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin ( STZ ) . Methods The extracts were prepared by response surface methodology. The ex-tracts were suspended in distilled water and defatted with petroleum ether. The aqueous layer was succes-sively extracted with ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation activity was determined by thiobarbituric acid method. The effects of extract BE on diabetic mice were observed at the dosage of 0. 2,0. 4,0. 8 g·kg-1 ( ig) for 4 weeks. The parame-ters were observed such as weight of body changes, or-gan coefficients of liver, pancreas and kidney, bio-chemical indexes in plasma and viscera pathological sections. Results In the linoleic acid reaction system, the SC50 value of the EAE and BE was ( 443. 96 ± 11. 24) mg·L-1, (840. 29 ± 16. 38) mg·L-1, re-spectively, and that in rat liver homogenate was (23. 59 ± 3. 67 ) mg · L-1 , ( 60. 37 ± 4. 27 ) mg · L-1 , respectively. Compared with diabetic model group, BE could significantly improve the trend of weight loss, and increase viscera indexes. The patho-logical sections showed that BE had the recovery and improvement effects on the damage of liver, pancreas and kidney. Conclusions The extracts of C. tinctoria have a certain anti-lipid peroxidation activity in vitro. And BE has a certain capacity to improve and repair damaged organs for DM mice.

Objective To study the incidence and clinical significance of the herniation pits of the femoral neck.Methods 600 cases(299 men,301 women,18～82 years)were collected.The incidence,radiologic finding and clinical significance of the herniation pit of the femoral neck were analysed.Results Of 1200 hip joints in 600 cases,there was 58 cases(64 sides)(5.3%)with herniation pits of the femoral neck,including 39 men(68.7%)and 19 women(31.3%),the lesions localized in the left joint in 25 eases(39.1%),in the right joint in 27 cases(42.2%)and in bilateral joints in 6 cases(18.7%).There were a obvious significant differences on both sexes,and no significant differences on age groups.On X-ray film,the lesions appeared as a round radiolucency with thin clear sclerotic rim.Conclusion The incidence of the herniation pit of the femoral neck is 5.3%,which has a typical X-ray feature,and may indicate the femoroacetabular impingement.