The immune tolerance or immune escape plays important roles in the genesis and progression of malignant gynecological neoplasms.Human leukocyte antigen G(HLA-G)is an important member of major histocompatiblity complex class Ⅰ.HLA-G seems to affect almost every aspect of human immunity.It can inhibit immunological function,and play an important role in immune escape of malignant gynecological neoplasms.

Objectives: To evaluate the influences of enteral nutritfion(EN), parenteral nutrition(PN) and major gastrointestinal operation on HLA DR, CRP and IL 10 level. Methods: A prospective, successive and controlled trial was taken. 39 non infection patients with intestinal fistula and severe acute pancreatitis were divided into EN group ( n =18) and PN group ( n =21). 8 patients with major gastrointestinal operation(OP) were taken as OP group.10 patients admitted with the diagnoses of cholecystopolyp and inguinal hernia were taken as control group. The blood levels of HLA DR, CRP and IL 10 were measured and compared between groups. Results: Compared to control group〔(96.35? 4.282)%〕, OP group〔(60.23? 10.419)%〕 and PN group〔(78.72? 13.21)%〕 had significant decreases ( P

In the last few years, high-throughput (or 'next-generation') sequencing technologies have delivered a step change in our ability to sequence genomes, whether human or bacterial. Further comparative genome analysis enables us to reveal detailed knowledge of genetics or physiology of industrial important strains obtained in laboratory, to analyze genotype-phenotype correlations of mutants with improved performance. Based on identified key mutations or mutation combinations, Inverse Metabolic Engineering (IME) can be performed by using accurate genetic modification system. Recently, IME has been successfully used for strain improvement and has become a research hotspot, including improving substrate utilization, engineering the robustness of industrial microbes and enhancing production of bio-based products. Here, we describe recent advances in research methods of IME, with an emphasis on characterization of genotype-phenotype and the latest advances and application of IME. Possible directions and challenges for further development of IME are also discussed.
Industrial Microbiology ; trends ; Metabolic Engineering ; trends ; Mutation

There has been an ongoing search for clinically acceptable methods for the accurate, efficient and simple diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Optical spectroscopy is a technique with potential clinical applications to diagnose cancer diseases. The purpose of this study was to obtain the optical properties of HCC tissues and non-tumorous hepatic tissues and identify the difference between them. A total of 55 tissue samples (HCC tissue, n=38; non-tumorous hepatic tissue, n=17) were surgically resected from patients with HCC. The optical parameters were measured in 10-nm steps using single-integrating-sphere system in the wavelength range of 400 to 1800 nm. It was found that the optical properties and their differences varied with the wavelength for the HCC tissue and the non-tumorous hepatic tissue in the entire wavelength range of research. The absorption coefficient of the HCC tissue (1.48±0.99, 1.46±0.88, 0.86±0.61, 2.15±0.53, 0.54±0.10, 0.79±0.15 mm(-1)) was significantly lower than that of the non-tumorous hepatic tissue (2.79±1.73, 3.13±1.47, 3.06±2.79, 2.57±0.55, 0.62±0.10, 0.93±0.16 mm(-1)) at wavelengths of 400, 410, 450, 1450, 1660 and 1800 nm, respectively (P<0.05). The reduced scattering coefficient of HCC tissue (5.28±1.70, 4.91±1.54, 1.26±0.35 mm(-1)) and non-tumorous hepatic tissue (8.14±3.70, 9.27±3.08, 2.55±0.57 mm(-1)) was significantly different at 460, 500 and 1800 nm respectively (P<0.05). These results show different pathologic liver tissues have different optical properties. It provides a better understanding of the relationship between optical parameters and physiological characteristics in human liver tissues. And it would be very useful for developing a non-invasive, real-time, simple and efficient way for medical management of HCC in the future.

The present paper is aimed to study the preparation and application of individual artificial bone of carbon/carbon composites. Using computer tomography images (CT), we acquired a three-dimensional image. Firstly, we described bone contour line outlined with manual and automatic method by the binary volume data. Secondly, we created 3D object surface information by marching cubes. Finally, we converted this information to non-uniform rational B-spine (NURBS) by using geomagic software. Individual artificial bone with carbon/carbon composite was prepared through the CNC Machining Center. We replaced the humeral head of the tested rabbit, and then observed the effects of implantation in neuroimaging and pathological section. Using this method, we found that the bone shape processed and bone shape replaced was consistent. After implantation, the implant and the surrounding bone tissue bound closely, and bone tissue grew well on the surface of the implant. It has laid a sound foundation of the preparation using this method for individual artificial bone of carbon/carbon composite material.
Animals ; Bone Substitutes ; chemistry ; Carbon ; chemistry ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Rabbits ; Software ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

To establish stable methods for detecting plasma endotoxin level and endotoxin inactivation capacity in a normal population and general surgical patients and evaluate their perioperative changes. 50 healthy people and 50 patients receiving gastrointestinal operation were enrolled, their plasma endotoxin levels and plasma endotoxin inactivation capacity were assayed. Our results showed that plasma endotoxin levels were 0.044 +/- 0.009 EU/ml in the normal population and 0.044 +/- 0.023 EU/ml in the preoperative patients. Endotoxin level peaked 3 h after the operation (0.223 +/- 0.041 EU/ml), and then decreased rapidly on the first day after the operation (0.134 +/- 0.164 EU/ml). Endotoxin inactivation capacity also had the same time course as endotoxin level. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome and infection induced another elevation in the time course. It is concluded that establishing the endotoxin standard curve by using pyrogenic free water is better than by using plasma. Plasma endotoxin inactivation capacity can be used as an indirect indicator of postoperative immune depression. Plasma endotoxin level and endotoxin inactivation capacity peaked shortly after operation, indicating surgical stress is closely related with the changes.
Adult ; Aged ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; blood ; surgery ; Endotoxins ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Limulus Test ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Period ; Reference Values ; Stomach Neoplasms ; blood ; surgery ; Stress, Physiological ; blood ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ; blood

Objective:To establish a method of measuring the contents of gallic acid, brevifolin, corilagin, geraniin, ellagic acid and rutin in Phyllanthus urinaria L. simultaneously with fingerprint study for analysis. Methods:Phyllanthus urinaria L. was extracted by ultrasound with 50% methanol. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Phenonmenex Luna C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (A) and 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution (B) with gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. The column temperature was 25 ℃, and the injection volume was 10 μl. The detection wavelength was 270 nm. HPLC fingerprints of Phyllanthus urinaria L. from different habitats was established. PCA and OPLS-DA were used to analyze the differences in chemical components of different habitats. Results:Gallic acid, brevifolin, corilagin, geraniin, ellagic acid and rutin showed good linearity at 0.042 8-0.641 6, 0.033 4-0.501 4, 0.142 2-2.133 1, 0.383 1-5.746 5, 0.063 1-0.946 2 and 0.019 2-0.287 8 μg, respectively. The average recovery rate of them was 103.65%, 96.39%, 101.85%, 95.04%, 98.79% and 98.33%, respectively. The HPLC fingerprints of different habitats contained 14 characteristic common peaks, and six compounds characteristic peaks were identified. PCA analysis showed that the chemical components of Phyllanthus urinaria L. from different habitats were different. Geraniin, ellagic acid and corilagin were screened by OPLS-DA. Conclusions:The method is efficient, accurate and sensitive, which can be used to measure the six components in Phyllanthus urinaria L.. The established HPLC fingerprint of different habitats combined with the measrurement method of six components can be used for the quality control and evaluation of Phyllanthus urinaria L..

There has been an ongoing search for clinically acceptable methods for the accurate,efficient and simple diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Optical spectroscopy is a technique with potential clinical applications to diagnose cancer diseases.The purpose of this study was to obtain the optical properties of HCC tissues and non-tumorous hepatic tissues and identify the difference between them.A total of 55 tissue samples (HCC tissue,n=38; non-tumorous hepatic tissue,n=17)were surgically resected from patients with HCC.The optical parameters were measured in 10-nm steps using single-integrating-sphere system in the wavelength range of 400 to 1800 nm.It was found that the optical properties and their differences varied with the wavelength for the HCC tissue and the non-tumorous hepatic tissue in the entire wavelength range of research.The absorption coefficient of the HCC tissue (1.48±0.99,1.46±0.88,0.86±0.61,2.15±0.53,0.54±0.10,0.79±0.15 mm-1) was significantly lower than that of the non-tumorous hepatic tissue (2.79±1.73,3.13±1.47,3.06±2.79,2.57±0.55,0.62±0.10,0.93±0.16 mm-1) at wavelengths of 400,410,450,1450,1660 and 1800 nm,respectively (P＜0.05).The reduced scattering coefficient of HCC tissue (5.28±1.70,4.91±1.54,1.26±0.35 mm-1) and non-tumorous hepatic tissue (8.14±3.70,9.27±3.08,2.55±0.57 mm-1) was significantly different at 460,500 and 1800 nm respectively (P＜0.05).These results show different pathologic liver tissues have different optical properties.It provides a better understanding of the relationship between optical parameters and physiological characteristics in human liver tissues.And it would be very useful for developing a non-invasive,real-time,simple and efficient way for medical management of HCC in the future.

Objective:To study the retrocolonic approach for laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenec-tomy (LPD).Methods:The clinical data of 53 patients who underwent LPD using the retrocolonic approach at the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2019 to December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 36 males and 17 females, aged (61.9±8.8) years old. The operation time, intraoperative bleeding and postoperative complications were analysed.Results:LPD was successfully performed in 53 patients via the retrocolonic approach. The operation time was (285.7±49.8) min, and the resection time for specimens was (120.0±10.5) min. The median intraoperative blood loss was 200 ml and blood loss ranged from 50 to 800 ml. Among the 53 patients, 3 patients underwent combined portal vein resection and reconstruction (end-to-end anastomosis). The operation time was 300, 325 and 385 min, respectively, and the intraoperative blood loss was 400-800 ml. During the operation, 5 patients (9.43%) had transection of the middle colonic artery and underwent resection of part of the transverse mesocolon due to invasion of the transverse mesocolon by tumours. Postoperative complications occurred in 5 patients (9.43%), including 4 patients with pancreatic fistula and 1 patient with hemorrhage and with delayed gastric emptying. The postoperative passage of first flatus was (5.40±1.14) days in 5 patients with transection and (2.92±1.03) days in 48 patients without transection of the middle colonic artery. All patients were discharged home successfully. The postoperative pathological results showed all patients to achieve R 0 resection. Conclusion:Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy via the retrocolonic approach was safe and feasible for patients with a large duodenal tumor, pancreatic head uncinate process tumor with or without invasion of the portal vein and mesenteric vessels.

Objective:To study the safety and feasibility of laparosocpic left-liver-first anterior radical modular orthotopic right hemihepatectomy (Lap-Larmorh) in treatment of Bismuth-Corlette type Ⅲa hilar cholangiocarcinoma.Methods:From June 2020 to April 2022, 13 patients with Bismuth-Corlette type Ⅲa hilar cholangiocarcinoma underwent Lap-Larmorh at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University. There were 8 males and 5 females, aged (60.9±8.4) years. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, complications and postoperative survival were analyzed.Results:Five patients were treated with percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage to reduce jaundice before surgery. All 13 patients successfully underwent the Lap-Larmorh and there was no conversion to laparotomy. The operative time was [ M( Q1, Q3)] 390.0 (355.0, 435.0) minutes, and the intraoperative blood loss was [ M( Q1, Q3)] 800.0 (300.0, 1 100.0) ml. Postoperative complications occurred in 4 patients with pleural effusion, and 1 patient had portal vein thrombosis associated with pleural effusion, who was managed successfully using low molecular weight heparin sodium anticoagulation therapy and pleural effusion tapping. The postoperative hospital stay was (12.5±5.5) days, and there was no perioperative death. Intraoperative frozen pathology showed 12 patients with left hepatic duct with negative margins, and 1 patient with moderate dysplasia. Postoperative paraffin pathology showed 12 patients with bile duct adenocarcinoma, 1 patient with bile duct mucinous adenocarcinoma, 2 patients with tumors of high differentiation, 10 patients with moderate differentiation, and 1 patient with poor differentiative. The R 0 resection rate was 100.0% (13/13) and the tumor diameter was (2.9±0.9) cm. Follow-up by telephone or outpatient clinics after operation showed 1 patients to be lost to follow-up. The 1-year survival rate after operation was 66.7% (8/12). Conclusion:For Bismuth-Corlette type Ⅲa hilar cholangiocarcinoma, the new laparoscopic approach of Lap-Larmorh was safe and feasible.