Objective:To investigate the differences between emergency surgery and selective surgery treatment of ankle fractures with dislocation .Methods:In the study , 40 patients with ankle fracture and dislocation were treated and followed up from May 2013 to May 2014, and all the data were collected and analyzed .The subjects involved 29 male patients and 11 female patients .The patients were randomly separated into two groups , and the patients in group A were given surgical intervention within 6 hours af-ter injury , while those in group B were initially given close reduction and given selective operation when the soft tissue condition got better .Group A contained 13 male patients and 7 female patients with average age of 37.10;Group B consisted of 15 male and 5 female, with average age of 37.85.Results:The Baird-Jackson score was applied for assessment of the patients ’ outcomes.According to the score , the outcomes were classified into excellent , good, fair, and poor.In group A (emergency group), the outcomes were 13 (65.0%), 4 (20.0%), 3 (15.0%), and 0, respectively.In group B ( selective group), they were 11 (55.0%), 7 (35.0%), 2 (10.0%), and 0, respectively.The numbers of the patients from excellent to poor were 24 (55.0%), 11 (27.5%), 5 (12.5%), and 0, respectively. Conclusion: There is no significant difference in postoperative function between the two groups , however , early surgical intervention can benefit in accomplishing anatomical reduction much easier and shortening the time of hospitalization , which is cost-saving for the patients .

Objective To describe characteristic of sleep electroencephalograph (EEG) in depressions with psychogenic anxiety. Methods It was estimated for sleep EEG in 7 depressive patients with psychogenic anxiety,11 depressive patients with non-psychogenic anxiety and 10 normal controls. Results (1)Time from awake to getting up was significantly longer in non-psychogenic anxiety group than the normal subjects [(12.0?8.4)min vs(3.1?2.8)min,P0.05]. Conclusion (1)Time from awake to getting up is longer in non-psychogenic anxiety group than the normal subjects.(2)The tension of REM is higher in non-psychogenic anxiety group than the normal subjects.(3)It has tendency to be lower for tension of Rapid Eye Move in psychogenic anxiety group than the normal subjects.

Objective To classify tibial plateau fractures based on the analysis of the morphology and injury mechanisms of 200 cases of tibial plateau feature.Methods We collected the X-ray and CT images of 200 consecutive cases of tibial plateau fracture in i99 patients who had been treated at our department from January 2010 to April 2011.They were 134 males and 65 females,from 15 to 77 years of age (average,45.7 years).According to the Schatzker classification,9 cases were type Ⅰ (4.5％),105 type Ⅱ (52.5％),19type Ⅳ (9.5％),37type Ⅴ (18.5％),30type Ⅵ (15.0％),and none type m.The fracture morphology and injury mechanism of each case were analyzed to propose a new classification system.Results Fractures of tibial plateau can be classified into the following five types:(a) Lateral condylar fracture and valgus injury (100 cases,50％).The injury mechanism is the axial force on the valgus and extended knee joint.(b) Fracture-dislocation injury (24 cases,12.0％).This type includes typical Schatzker type Ⅳ,and some cases of Schatzker type Ⅵ associated with lateral subluxation.Its mechanism is a compound force of valgus,varus,rotational and axial stresses.The rotational force is the key factor leading to subluxation of the knee joint.(c) Double-condylar fracture (40 cases,20.0％).This type is caused by an axial force on the extended knee,including Schatzker type Ⅴ and some cases of Schatzker type Ⅵ not associated with knee subluxation.(d) Posterior condylar fracture and flexion injury (32 cases,16.0％).This type only involves the posterior condylar plateau,and is caused by an axial force on the flexed knee.Based on the morphology,posterior condylar fractures can be further divided into three subtypes:simple split of posteromedial condyle,simple collapse of posterolateral condyle,and a combination of the two.(e) Frontal plateau compression fracture and hyperextension injury (4 cases,2.0％).This type is caused by an axial force on the hyper-extended knee.It is characterized by significant compression of the anterior plateau and intact posterior plateau.Conclusion Based on the morphological features and injury mechanisms,tibial plateau fractures can be classified into 5 types:lateral condylar fracture,fracture-dislocation injury,double-condylar fracture,posterior condylar fracture,and frontal plateau compression fracture.

Objective: To investigate the cinlical features and therapeutic methods of unex-pected gallbladder carcinoma. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed in 19 cases of unexpected gallbladder carcinoma treated in our hospital from April 2002 to April 2008. Results: Ten cases in early stage were perfomed gallbaldder resection and local lymph node removal, and the average survival time was 18.7 months; 4 cases were perfomed extend radical resection, and the average survival time was 12.3 months; 5 cases were performed palliative resection, and the survival time was less than 6 months. Conclusions: Frozen section examination during opera-tion is key to diagnose unexpected gallbladder carcinoma. Radical resection is the first option once the diagnosis is confirmed, and the method can be decided according to Nevin classification and B ultrosound scaning during opreation.

Objective To investigate the construction and implementation of the concept of precise sequential therapy for primary liver cancer.Methods The clinical data of 207 patients with resectable liver cancer who were admitted to the Air Force General Hospital from May 2005 to June 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.Of all the patients,81 received conventional therapy (conventional therapy group),and the other 126 patients received precise sequential therapy (precise sequential therapy group).The conditions of the patients in perioperative phase,during postoperative sequential treatment and the period of follow-up between the 2 groups were compared.All data were analyzed by using the covariance analysis,analysis of variance,chi-square test or rank sum test.Results The detection rates of lesions with a diameter less than 1 cm,operation time,liver resection volume,intraoperative blood loss,rate of perioperative blood transfusion,duration of postoperative hospital stay,incidences of postoperative complications were 81％ (22/27),( 186 ± 36) minutes,(75 ± 29) ml,( 189 ± 60) ml,24％(30/126),(21 ± 12)days and 13％ (17/126) in the precise sequential therapy group,and 18％ (2/11),(222 ± 30)minutes,(133 ±88)ml,(327 ±46)ml,51％ (41/81),(26 ± 17)days and 20％ (16/81) in the conventional therapy group,respectively,with significant differences between the 2 groups (F =10.876,7.390,46.996,31.025,14.556,6.315,4.017,P ＜ 0.05).No significant difference was observed on the levels of alanine transaminase,albumin and the Child-Pugh score before and after the intervention in the precise sequential therapy group,but significant differences were observed in the conventional therapy group.The 1-,2-,3-year tumor recurrence rates and the 1-,2-,3-year survival rates were 17％ (21/126),22％ (17/76),26％ (8/31) and 87％ (110/126),87％ (66/76),84％ (26/31) in the precise sequential therapy group,and 31％ (25/81),38％ (27/71),48％(31/65 ) and 77％ (62/81),75％ (53/71 ) and 60％ (39/65) in the conventional therapy group,respectively.There were significant differences in the prognosis of the patients in the 2 groups ( x2 =4.958,4.292,4.168,4.062,3.640,5.470,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Through accurate assessment of the patients' condition before surgery,precise hepatectomy and precise postoperative intervention,the goal of effective control of tumor recurrence,maximum protection of the liver function and improvement of the survival rate can be achieved.

ObjectiveTo analyze the treatment of pediatric unstable pelvic fractures retrospectively and sum up the experiences and lessons.MethodsFrom October 1998 to March 2011,30 patients of unstable pelvic fractures with an average age of 7.9 years were admitted.All these cases were Torode-Zieg type Ⅳ.Hemorrhagic shock was determined in 14 patients,and associated with other fractures in 11,urogenital system injuries in 14,sacral plexus injuries in 3,iliac vascular injuries in 2,and diaphragm rupture in one patient.Blood transfusion was done as a component of damage control in 13 cases.The pelvic fractures were treated conservatively in 15 patients,with external fixation in 9,with internal fixation in 4,and with combined external and internal fixation in 1 patients.Hemipelvectomy was performed in the remaining one case.Results One patient died during the emergent surgery due to severe hemorrhage.Thirteen patients werelost follow-up.Sixteen patients were followed up for 3 months to 11 years.According to Cole's grading scale,functional outcome was excellent in 12,good in 1,fair in 2,and poor in 1.Residual vertical displacement after skeletal traction caused inclination of pelvis and leg length discrepancy in one patient.Hip subluxation caused by sciatic nerve injury was found in one patient who severely limped in the last follow-up,and slight gait abnormality due to associated lumbosacral plexus injury was determined in one patient.Conclusion Treatment of pediatric unstable pelvic fractures is different with that of adult cases.Damage control is more significant for children than for adults.Skeletal traction remains one of the main resorts of managing pediatric unstable pelvic fracture,often predicting good functional outcomes.Surgical fixation should be adopted if residual vertical displacement cannot be corrected by skeletal traction,and should be minimal invasive as soon as possible.In addition,associated nerve injury is closely related to the functional prognosis and should be detected carefully and followed up closely.

Objective:To investigate the safety of early hip fracture surgery for elderly patients on clopidogrel.Methods:This retrospective study included 242 consecutive elderly patients (≥65 years) with acute hip fracture who had undergone surgery at Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between November 2016 and April 2017. Of them, 20 were assigned into the study group who had taken clopidogrel before injury but discontinued its use within 4 days before surgery. They were 6 males and 14 females, with a median age of 80 years (77, 81). Their operation procedures for hip fracture included internal fixation with cannulated screws for femoral neck fracture in 2 cases, hemiarthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fracture in 11 cases, and internal fixation for intertrochanteric fracture in 7 cases. The control group included 222 patients who had undergone the same operative procedures but not taken any antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs. The 2 groups were compared in terms of time between admission and operation, operation duration, intraoperative blood loss, perioperative transfusion and complications related to bleeding to analyze the safety of early surgery.Results:There was no significant difference in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups, showing comparability ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the time between admission and operation [42.5 (36.3, 48.0) h for the study group versus 43.0 (28.0, 61.0) h for the control group] ( P=0.870). The median time between the last use of clopidogrel and operation was 55.0 (30.5, 71.0) h. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in preoperative hemoglobin, operation duration, intraoperative blood loss, rate or amount of perioperative blood transfusion, or rate or amount of wound drainage ( P>0.05). The rate of general anesthesia was significantly higher for the study group (45.0%, 9/20) than for the control group (18.5%,41/222) ( P=0.012). No complications related to spinal hematoma occurred in the patients receiving spinal anesthesia from the study group. Wound hematoma and subsequent infection occurred in 2 patients from the control group. Conclusion:Early hip fracture surgery is safe for elderly patients on clopidogrel.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexcedetomidine on the postoperative delirium in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis undergoing spine surgery. Methods 160 patients (7-16 years of age) with idiopathic scoliosis undergoing posterior spinal fusion were randomly divided in to two groups. Group SS (n=80) included patients anesthetized with sevorane and sufentanil, group SSD (n=80) included patients anesthetized with sevorane,sufentanil and dexcedetomidine. In the latter group, dexcedetomidine was administered as a continuous infusion of 0.2 ug/h started after the induction of anesthesia without a loading dose. Sevorane was adjusted to maintain the bispectral index (BIS) number at 40-60 and vasoactive drugs was adjusted to maintain the mean arterial pressure (MAP) at 65-75 mmHg. The amount of anesthetic, the time of anesthesia recovery,restlessness during recovery and postoperative delirium were recorded. Results The amount of sevorane, the incidence of restlessness during recovery and the incidence of postoperative delirium were significantly lower in the group SSD than in group SS ( <0.05) . Conclusion The perioperative infusion of 0.2 ug/h dexcedetomidine can decrease the incidence of postoperative delirium in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis undergoing spine surgery.

SUMMARY Pregnancy-related pelvic ring disease brings great suffering to pregnant women, including the separation of the pubic symphysis and sacroiliac joint pain.Hormonal changes leading to ligamentous laxity is the main reason for pregnancy-related pelvic ring disease.In normal pregnant cases, and the physiologic widening at the symphysis is about 3-7 mm.When the widening of the symphysis is more than 10 mm, it may lead to symptoms and need active treatment.Currently the diagnosis of the pubic symphysis separation is based on the clinical symptoms and signs.The treatment of acute pubic symphysis separation bases on conservative therapy, includes bed rest and physical therapy.But when the widening of the symphysis is more than 4 cm, the surgery intervention may be a good treatment.If the conservative treatment is not obviously effective, the surgery consists of plate fixation in the pubic symphysis and sac-roiliac screw fixation.Other indications for the surgical intervention include inadequate reduction, recur-rent diastasis, intractable symptoms, and open rupture.

Objective To investigate the predictive factors and prognosis of early intrahepatic recurrence after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Clinicopathological dats of 184 HCC patients with intrahepatic recurrence after curative resection were collected.Thirteen clinicopathological factors and prognosis after recurrence were retrospectively analyzed. Results Univariate analysis showed that preoperative scrota alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)>100 ng/ml,tumour size>5 cm,venous invasion and intra-operative blood transfusion were predictive factors of early intrahepatic recurrence,and selum albumin<35 g/L was marginally predictive factor.Multivariate analysis showed that serum AFP>100 ng/ml,tumour size>5 cm and venous invasion were independent predictive factots of early intrahepatic recurrence.The survival of patients suffering from early recurrence was significantly shorter than those with late recurrence.with median survival period of 12 mos vs 18 mos(P=0.012).Conclusion Serum AFP,tumour size and venous invasion were independent predictive factors of early intrahepatic recurrence in HCC patients after radical resection of the primary tumor.Early intrahepatic recurrence implies poor prognosis.