Aging ; Health ; Humans ; Longevity

Background and purpose:Inlfammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic intestinal diseases, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). This study identified differentially expressed miRNAs in UC, CD and colitis-associated colorectal cancers (CAC) to explore their potential as novel molecular biomarkers. Methods:Tissue samples were taken from 13 UC patients, 3 CD patients, 12 CAC patients, and 8 age-and gender-matched healthy controls. The miRNA expressions were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR) assay. Known targets of deregulated miRNAs were utilized using miRWalk 2.0 database, and subsequent bioinformatics analysis of these target genes was performed by DAVID software (GO-analysis, KEGG-analysis and BIOCARTA-analysis). Results:The data showed that miR-146a, miR-27a, miR-29a, miR-20a and miR-21 were upregulated in UC, CD and CAC tissues compared with normal control. Moreover, the target genes of these miRNAs were enriched in several key signal transduction pathways including cancer-related pathway and immu-nity-associated pathway. Conclusion:miR-146a, miR-27a, miR-29a, miR-20a and miR-21 may play important roles in the switching from IBD to CAC.

0.05). However, during episode the inspiratory frequencies in patients with chronic asthmatic bronchitis〔PF=(176.68 ?36.84)Hz,Q 25% =(171.32?32.64)Hz,Q 50% =(229.69? 31.87 )Hz,Q 75% =(382.36? 55.21 )Hz, respectively〕 was significantly lower than that in asthmatics 〔PF=(354.21?67.58)Hz,Q 25% =( 286.42 ? 53.68 )Hz,Q 50% =(386.77?74.18)Hz,Q 75% =(554.68?84.72)Hz,respectively, P

Objective:To investigate middle school students' parent-related fears of poor performance on im- portant examinations in the United Stated and China.Methods:The“Failure Outcome Expectancy (FOE)”inventory was used to measure students' perceptions of test anxiety in a sample of 1,215 public middle school students,ages 14and 15.Results:The findings indicated that students in different countries reported similar trends in the reasons for their parent-related test anxiety including student worries with respect to confidence about admission to higher institu- tions,and student contributions to parental annoyances in relation to academic achievement.However,cross-cultural differences revealed that Chinese students reported significantly expectations,or the potential for annoying their par- ents than American students.American students reported a significantly stronger preoccupation about their capacity to face challenges in life than Chinese students.Additionally,gender differences were more significant in the western culture of the United States than in China.American female students reported stronger perceptions on seven items of parent-related causes of their test anxiety than Chinese female students.Chinese male students reported stronger pre- occupation only on two items than their American counterpart.Conclusion:Chinese and American students have similar trends in the reasons for their parent-related test anxiety.There are also culture difference and gender differ- ence in this problem.

AIM:To investigate whether oxidative stress is able to induce autophagy in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and to explore the effects of autophagy on MSC proliferation and apoptosis under oxidative stress circumstance as well as the underlying mechanism for promoting the therapeutic effects of transplanted MSCs on treating diabetes mellitus e -rectile dysfunction ( DMED) .METHODS: Hydrogen peroxide ( H2 O2 ) was applied to simulate the oxidative stress cir-cumstance.The effects of H2 O2 at concentration of 0, 50, 100, 200, 400μmol/L on the viability of MSCs were tested by the method of Trypan blue exclusion and MTT assay respectively .The methods of MTT assay , Western blot and transmis-sion electron microscope ( TEM) were used to explore the effects of H 2 O2 on MSC apoptosis and autophagy .RESULTS:The proliferation of MSCs was obviously inhibited by H 2 O2 in a dose-dependent manner ( P<0.01) and the 50%inhibiting concentration (IC50) was (384.58 ±16.89) μmol/L.H2O2 induced apoptosis and autophay of MSCs .The proliferation rate of MSCs was suppressed by H 2 O2 significantly ( P<0.05 ) , with a further decline by blockade of autophagy ( P<0.05) whereas increased by blockade of apoptosis (P<0.05).H2O2 induced MSCs apoptosis obviously (P<0.05), with an augment of apoptosis ( P<0.05) by blockade of autophagy .Furthermore, the H2 O2 increased expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1), Which were decreased by apoptosis blockade whereas were enhanced by blockade of autopahgy .CONCLUSION:Oxidative stress plays a dual role in MSC survival , which in-duces MSC apoptosis and autophagy .Moreover , blockade of autophagy intensifies MSC apoptosis .Therefore , it is a promis-ing method to ameliorate the effects of stem-cell based therapy on DMED by enhancing protective autophagy to increase the survival rate of transplanted MSCs against oxidative stress circumstance caused by diabetes mellitus .

Background Anaphylactic reactions during anesthesia and operation are common and life threatening.Follow-up investigation is necessary for avoiding potential re-exposure of the patients to the offending drugs.The purpose of this study was to assess cellular allergen stimulation test (CAST) as a diagnostic instrument in immunoglobulin E (IgE)-and non-lgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions.Methods This study included 25 patients who developed perioperative anaphylactic reactions and 10 subjects that tolerated anesthetics and other drugs during perioperative period from September 2009 to October 2013 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital.We performed skin tests and flow cytometric analysis of basophil activation-based CAST in all subjects.Results Of the 25 patients,17 had IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions (causative agent identified by skin tests) and 8 had non-lgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions (negative skin tests).CAST showed a sensitivity of 42.9％,specificity of 90％,and negative predictive value of 80.6％ for neuromuscular blocking agents.Conclusions CAST may be useful for the diagnosis of anaphylactic reactions during perioperative period.Our findings call for further investigation to increase the sensitivity of the test.

Objective To prepare the immunoconjugate composed of Adriamycin nanoparticles and VEGFR 2 monoclonal antibody(conjugate of ADM-NP and VEGFR 2-MAb) and study its pharmacokinetics property. Methods Adriamycin nanoparticles were prepared by using double emulsion method, with PLA and O-CMC as materials. Conjugate of ADM-NP and VEGFR 2-MAb was prepared by using molecule conjugate technology. Immunoreactivity of the conjugate with type IV collagenase and H 22 cell were analyzed by using ELISA. Pharmacokinetics parameters of the immunoconjugate were obtained by using SD rats as study objects. Results The prepared ADM-NP was sphere particles under SEM, which diameters were (160±34) nm. The drug loading rate and entrapment rate were (30.15±3.5)% and (80.56±4.24)% respectively. Conjugate of ADM-NP and VEGFR 2-MAb was successfully prepared, which had immunoreactivity with type IV collagenase and H 22 cell. The immunoconjugate showed good ADM control-release ability and could prolong the retention time of ADM in vivo. Conclusion Conjugate of ADM-NP and VEGFR 2-MAb keeps the immunoreactivity of VEGFR 2-MAb and shows good ADM control-release ability.

In order to clarify material basis of effective parts of liangxue tongyu prescription, blood-heat and blood-stasis rat model induced by dry yeast was established. The changes of rectal temperature, blood viscosity and plasma viscosity were used to evaluate the cooling-blood and activating-blood effects of liangxue tongyu prescription and its parts. Compared with the model group, the extract from liangxue tongyu prescription, its volatile oil and n-butanol part could significantly reduce rectal temperature (P<0.01), and also reduce blood viscosity and plasma viscosity to various degrees (P<0.01 or P<0.05). So volatile oil and n-butanol part were primarily identified as effective parts of liangxue tongyu prescription. By using GC-MS with normalization method of area to analyze volatile oil of liangxue tongyu prescription, 70 compounds were identified, accounting for about 92.54%, mainly as β-asarone, paeonol, α-asarone and shyobunone. 42 compounds such as peony glycosides, tannins, and iridoid glycosides were identified by HPLC-MS techniques and standard comparison. The study determined the effective parts of liangxue tongyu prescription and clarified the chemical composition providing the foundation for further studies on material basis of liangxue tongyu prescription.
Acetophenones ; chemistry ; Animals ; Anisoles ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; Rats ; Tannins ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanisms involved in the ligustrazine alleviation of the pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associated with chronic cor pulmonale (CCP) during exacerbation.

METHODSSeventy patients of COPD and CCP with acute exacerbation were randomly and equally divided into control group and treatment group. The control group received standard treatment with antibiotics, antiasthmatic and expectorant medications, and oxygenation; and the ligustrazine treatment group received ligustrazine treatment (80 mg/d; i.v.; for 2 weeks) in addition to the standard treatment. Before and at the end of 2 week treatment, the clinic responses of the two regimens were evaluated, plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) were determined; arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), outflow tract of right ventricle (RVOT), and internal diameter of right ventricle (RV) were measured.

RESULTSGood clinic benefits were achieved in both the standard and ligustrazine regimens, plasma level of ET-1, values of mPAP, RV and RVOT decreased significantly, plasma level of NO and PaO2 values decreased (all P < 0.01 vs pre-treatment to all parameters). Compared with the control group, ligustrazine greatly enhanced the clinic efficacy from 77.1% to 97.1% (P < 0.05), and also resulted in more significant changes of all these parameters (P < 0.01 vs control group for all parameters). For both groups, the levels of plasma ET-1 were positively correlated with values of mPAP, RVOT, and RV (r = 0.710, 0.853, and 0.766, respectively, all P = 0.000), and negatively correlated with plasma NO and PaO2 (r = - 0.823, and - 0.752, respectively, all P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONLigustrazine is effective in treating pulmonary artery hypertension during acute exacerbation of COPD and CCP in patients from the plateau area. The observed changes in the plasma levels of NO and ET-1 in response to ligustrazine treatment suggest that ligustrazine may act through the selective effect on pulmonary blood vessels to enhance the synthesis and release of NO and suppress those of ET-1 from lung vascular endothelial cells, thus reducing pulmonary artery pressure and decreasing pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Altitude ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Chronic Disease ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; drug therapy ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Pulmonary Artery ; physiopathology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy ; Pyrazines ; therapeutic use ; Respiration

AIM: To establish the HPLC-FPC of Yinhua Mangguo extract(Flos lonicerae japonicae,Folium Mangiferae,Pericarpium Citri reticulate,etc.). METHODS: The gradient elution was adopted with acetonitrile,methanol and 0.05% phosphoric acid as a mobile phase.The detection wavelength was at 238 nm. RESULTS: The components of Yinhua Mangguo extract were well separated on HPLC,and the HPLC-FPC of 10 batches of samples was established.The results showed that this method had a good repeatability,and the 12 common peaks had an exclusive properties. CONCLUSION: The method developed can evaluate the quality of Yinhua Mangguo extract.