Objective To assess the quality of iodized salt and investigate the urinary iodine level of pupils and women after implementation of universal salt iodization in Shijiazhuang city. Methods Between 2004 and 2008, nine salt samples were randomly collected from wholesale enterprises of 5 different directions of east,south, west, north and center in Shijiazhuang city every month. Meanwhile, eight salt samples, four urine samples of women, were randomly collected in each of the 8 households of 210 villages selected from 23 counties. Between 2004 and 2008, twenty urine samples of 8 - 10 year old pupils were collected in each of 160 schools from the 23 counties. Direct titration method was used for salt iodine determination, iodine concentration in urine was detected by the method of ammonium persulfate digestion-As3+-Ce4 + catalytic spectrophotometry. Results At wholesale level, the qualified rate of iodized salt was above 99%. At household level, the consuming rate of iodized salt was above 95%, and the rate of consuming non-iodized salt was less than 5%. The rate of qualified iodized salt was above 90% in every year except 2004(87.10%), and the rate of consuming qualified iodized salt was above 90% in those years except 2004(83.08%). Urinary median iodine level of both the pupils and the women was higher than 100 μg/L, and the rate of urinary iodine level that less than 50 μg/L was below 10%. Conclusions The quality assessment of iodized salt from wholesale companies and related indices of urinary iodine level of pupils, women and household iodized salt have already reached the national standard for eliminating iodine deficiency disorders.

The AC impedance of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells were measured in our laboratory by Agilent 4294A impedance analyzer in the frequency range of 0.01-100 MHz. And then the effect of hematocrit on electrical impedance characteristics of hepatoma cells was observed by electrical impedance spectroscopy, Bode diagram, Nyquist diagram and Nichols diagram. The results showed that firstly, there is a frequency dependence, i.e., the increment of real part and the imaginary part of complex electrical impedance (δZ', δZ"), the increment of the amplitude modulus of complex electrical impedance (δ[Z *]) and phase angle (δθ) were all changed with the increasing frequency. Secondly, it showed cell volume fraction (CVF) dependence, i. e. , the increment of low-frequency limit (δZ'0, δ[Z*] 0), peak (δZ"(p), δθ(p)), area and radius (Nyquist diagram, Nichols diagram) were all increased along with the electric field frequency. Thirdly, there was the presence of two characteristic frequencies: the first characteristic frequency (f(c1)) and the second characteristic frequency (f(c2)), which were originated respectively in the polarization effects of two interfaces that the cell membrane and extracellular fluid, cell membrane and cytoplasm. A conclusion can be drawn that the electrical impedance spectroscopy is able to be used to observe the electrical characteristics of human hepatoma cells, and therefore this method can be used to investigate the electrophysiological mechanisms of liver cancer cells, and provide research tools and observation parameters, and it also has important theoretical value and potential applications for screening anticancer drugs.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Membrane ; Cytoplasm ; Electric Impedance ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Membrane Potentials

Objective To explore the observation and nursing of the surgery of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNT) in the function zone of brain.Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinic data of 5 patients receiving the surgery for the dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNT) in the function zone of brain was carried out,the clinical nursing experience was summarized.Results The EEG was re-examined 1 week after surgery.4 cases showed roughly normal EEG,one case with rare slow wave.The re-examined EEG 3 months after surgery suggested 3 cases were normal and 2 cases were almost normal.No epilepsia occurred after 6-month follow-up.Conclusions For DNT patients,microsurgical resection of the tumor is effective and enhancing the patients' perioperative observation and nursing has a significant meaning to increase the success of surgery,reduce complications,promote the rehabilitation of patients and improve the quality of life of patients.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the prophylactic application of antibiotics during perioperative period in surgical department and provide the scientific basis for management and rational application of antibiotics.METHODS The rational use of antibiotics during perioperative period was evaluated based on antibiotics selection,usage,dosage,the first time of application,treatment course,and the percentage of antibiotic application for cleaning operation.RESULTS All of surgical operations were used antibiotics.As for the first time of application,the use rate of thirty minutes before operation was 4.1%,but nothing used before operation was 73.2%.The treatment period after operation within 3 days was 8.1%.Among all kinds of used antibiotics,the third generation of cephalosporin accounted for 49%,and quinolones for 25%.CONCLUSIONS There are still some problems about prophylactic application of antibiotics during perioperative period in surgical department in our hospital.It is necessary to standardize application of antibiotics during perioperative period.

Adult ; Aged ; Brucellosis ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanisms of Qianjing Decoction in the treatment of oligoasthenospermia (OAS).

METHODSWe randomly divided 100 SPF male rats into five groups of equal number: normal, model, Huangjingzanyu, levocarnitine, and Qiangjing. OAS models were established in the animals followed by intragastrical administration of normal saline, ornidazole, Huangjingzanyu Capsules (200 mg per kg body weight per day), levocarnitine (100 mg per kg body weight per day), and Qianjing Decoction (10 g per kg body weight per day), respectively, qd, for 4 successive weeks. Then, we detected the concentration and motility of the epididymal sperm, obtained the contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), α-glucosidase, and fructose in the epididymis, and determined the mRNA expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in the epididymal tissue of the rats by real-time PCR.

RESULTSThe concentration and motility of the epididymal sperm in the model, Huangjingzanyu, levocarnitine, and Qianging groups were (35.34 ± 4.22) x 10(6)/ml and (40.04 ± 7.05)%, (48.12 ± 5.56) x 10(6)/ml and (62.46 ± 7.12)%, (47.14 ± 4.87) x 10(6)/ml and (63.23 ± 6.34)%, and (50.25 ± 5.08) x 10(6)/ml and (66.34 ± 7.58)%, respectively, all significantly lower than in the normal group ([53.05 ± 4.55] x 10(6)/ml and [70.20 ± 8.54]%) (P < 0.05), but remarkably higher in the Huangjingzanyu, levocarnitine, and Qiangjing groups than in the model rats (P < 0.05). Compared with the thinned epididymal lumen walls, decreased sperm count, and disorderly and loose arrangement of the lumens in the OAS models, the rats in the Huangjingzanyu, levocarnitine, and Qiangjing groups showed evidently thicker epididymal lumen walls, with the lumens full of sperm cells and arranged regularly and compactly, similar to those of the normal rats. The levels of SOD and GSH-Px were significantly lower but that of MDA markedly higher in the model rats ([84.12 ± 23.25], [10.56 ± 3.02], and [14.04 ± 2.06] nmol/mg) than in the normal group ([110.04 ± 19.56], [17.25 ± 3.56], and [8.87 ± 1.35] nmol/mg) (P < 0.05), while the former two indexes remarkably higher and the latter one significantly lower in the animals treated with Qiangjing Decoction ([120.56 ± 23.68], [16.34 ± 3.12], and [8.45 ± 1.56] nmol/mg), Huangjingzanyu Capsules ([115.34 ± 21.35], [15.23 ± 3.67], and [8.33 ± 1.54] nmol/mg), and levocarnitine ([116.67 ± 22.67], [15.35 ± 3.45], and [8.05 ± 1.78] nmol/mg) than in the models (P < 0.05). The levels of fructose, LDH and α-glucosidase were decreased markedly in the OAS models ([100.22 ± 12.12] mg/[ ml x g], [322 ± 46.13] U/[ ml x g], and [10.48 ± 2.33] U/[ml x g]) as compared with the normal rats ([128.12 ± 13.45] mg/[ml x g], [428 ± 35.12] U/[ml x g], and [15.34 ± 3.12] U/[ ml x g]) (P < 0.05), remarkably higher in the rats treated with Qiangjing ([130.23 ± 13.67] mg/[ml x g] [455 ± 51.50] U/[ml x g], and [18.56 ± 4.67] U/[ml x g]), Huangjingzanyu ([124.16 ± 14.02] mg/[ml x g], [ 419 ± 43.14] U/[ml x g], and [17.64 ± 4.08] U/[ml x g]), and levocarnitine ([123.34 ± 14.02] mg/[ml x g], [430 ± 31.80] U/ [ml x g], and [16.85 ± 5.55] U/[ml x g]) than in the models (P < 0.05). The Nrf2 mRNA expression was significantly reduced in the models as compared with the normal rats (P < 0.05) but remarkably increased in the Huangingzanyu, Qiangjing and levocarnitine groups as compared with the model and normal animals (P < 0.05). The SDH mRNA expression was significantly lower in the model than in the normal rats (P < 0.05) but markedly elevated in the Huangjingzanyu, Qiangjing and levocarnitine groups as compared with the model and normal animals (P < 0.05), remarkably higher in the Qiangjing than in the Huangjingzanyu group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOrnidazole induces OAS in rats, which is closely associated with excessive oxidation and energy metabolism dysfunction. Qiangjing Decoction can improve and even reverse ornidazole-induced OAS in rats as well as improve the ultrastructure of their testicular and epididymal tissues. Antioxidation and improvement of energy metabolism are probably the action mechanisms of Qiangjing Decoction in the treatment of OAS.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; Asthenozoospermia ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Carnitine ; pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Energy Metabolism ; drug effects ; Epididymis ; metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Oligospermia ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Ornidazole ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; physiology ; Succinate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; alpha-Glucosidases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore therapeutic effect and action mechanism of regulating spleen-stomach needling on diabetic nephropathy (DN).

METHODSUsing multi-centric, randomized, controlled and blind principles, 144 cases of DN were divided into an observation group and a control group according to random digital tab, 72 cases in each one. Based on regular treatment of diabetes, the regulating spleen-stomach needling was applied at Zhongwan (CV 12), Quchi (LI 11), Hegu (LI 4) and Xuehai (SP 10), etc. in the observation group while Shenshu (BL 23), Taixi (KI 3), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Yanglingquan (GB 34), etc. were selected in the control group by reference of Acupuncture and moxibustion. The treatment was given twice a day, six days as a treatment session with interval of one day between sessions. Totally six weeks were required. Changes of clinical symptoms and signs, fast blood glucose (FBG), urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), beta2-microglobulin (beta2-MG), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), lymphocyte membrane cholesterol, propanediol (MDA), PCO, 8-hydroxydeoxy guanosine (8-OHdG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+ were observed before and after treatment in two groups.

RESULTSAs for improving clinical symptoms and signs, total effective rate was 84.29% (59/70) in the observation group and 55.56% (40/72) in the control group, which had statistical difference between two groups (P<0.01). As for regulating glycometabolism [(6.25 +/- 0.32) mmol/L vs (8.09 +/- 0.63) mmol/L], reducing UAER [(154.43 +/- 55.14) mg/24h vs (268.91 +/- 77.65) mg/24h], restraining over-expression of MCP-1 [(137.59 +/- 36.15) pg/mL vs (166.89 +/- 42.82) pg/mL], regulating level of oxidative stress, prohibiting oxidation of protein and adjusting quantity and activity of T lymphocyte subgroup, the observation group was superior to the control group (P< 0.05, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe regulating spleen-stomach needling is an effective method for treatment of DN, which cold improve glycometabolism disturbance-induced progressive kidney injury, recover glomerular filtration, reduce urinary albumin excretion rate, restrain overexpression of MCP-1, adjust level of oxidative stress, prohibit oxidation of protein, increase protectiveness of membrane, adjust quantity and activity abnormity of T lymphocyte subgroup, leading to repairing lymphocyte damage and improving immune expression to delay kidney damage.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; immunology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spleen ; physiopathology ; Stomach ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the inhibitory effect of genistin combined with anastrozole on the growth and apoptosis of breast tumor tissue, and to study their anti-cancer mechanism by using the model of 7,12-dimethylbenz [alpha] anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumors following ovariectomy in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.

METHODSThe DMBA induced postmenopausal SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, the genistein group, the anastrozole group, and the genistein combined with anastrozole group. The growth of tumors was observed in each group. The proliferation index and apoptosis index of tumor cells were determined. Moreover, estradiol (E2) and 17beta-HSD1 mRNA levels were determined by ELISA and RT-PCR respectively.

RESULTSThe tumor growth was inhibited in the genistein group and the anastrozole group. The inhibitory ratio was significantly higher in the genistein combined with anastrozole group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, levels of E2 and 17beta-HSD1 mRNA decreased more significantly in the genistein combined with anastrozole group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSGenistein could suppress the growth of mammary tumors in postmenopausal rats. It showed synergistic effect when combined with anastrozole, which resulted in reduced levels of E2 and 17beta-HSD1 mRNA. It had inhibitory effect on the growth of breast tumors.

17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Estradiol ; metabolism ; Female ; Genistein ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Nitriles ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Ovariectomy ; Postmenopause ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Triazoles ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology

During the dilute acid pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials such as corn stover, hemicellulose is hydrolyzed into monosaccharides, and meanwhile, toxic by-products are simultaneously generated, which may influence ethanol fermentation thereafter. Studies on the inhibitory effects of the by-products on ethanol fermentation are of practical use for further improvement of ethanol yield from lignocellulosic materials. Five by-products, including acetic acid, formic acid, vanillin, furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, were identified to be the main components in the hydrolysate of dilute acid pretreatment of local corn stover, which were added into the medium at different concentrations to study their impacts on the growth and ethanol fermentation of a recombinant xylose-utilizing yeast strain, S. cerevisiae 6508-127. The ethanol production was inhibited by formic acid and acetic acid to a lesser extent than that to the growth, and formic acid was shown to be much more toxic than acetic acid, showing severe inhibitory effects at the concentration of 1g/L, half of the concentration for acetic acid which showed remarkably negative effects on ethanol fermentation. Vanillin caused a much longer lag-phase in growth when the concentration was 2g/L, and the lag-phase was not obvious at lower concentrations. At the concentration of 6g/L, vanillin completely inhibited the fermentation as well as the cell growth. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural was showed to remarkably inhibit ethanol production, but the biomass yield was higher by exogenous addition of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural than control. Furfural at 0.5~1.5g/L inhibited the cell growth, but the ethanol yield was higher than that of the control experiment. It was also found that vanillin, furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural could be assimilated and metabolized by S. cerevisiae 6508-127 under the experimental conditions.

Small vessel disease (SVD) of the cerebral white and central grey matter is an important subtype of vascular dementia (VD).SVD-dementia is characterized by a dysexecutive type of cognitive impairment,neurological deficits including imbalance and voiding dysfunction,and emotional disturbances.SVD is also frequent among clinically healthy subjects and patients with mild cognitive impairment.It is easily visualized by imaging techniques,but difficult to distinguish from mixed SVD/ Alzheimer Disease.This article reviews the recent progress in research on SVD and the problems have to be resolved.