Objective To test the reliability and validity of the Chinese Version of the Fatigue severity scale (FSS)in patients with cerebral infarction.Methods The FSS was translated into Chinese language and the reverse translation was done by several experts.Validity,dimensionality,and reliability tests were implemented in 153 cases of cerebral infarction.Results One component was extracted in factor analysis,and the total cumulative contribu- tion was 64.982%.Based on the Mokken Scale analysis for Polytomous items analyses,the scale was found to be u- nidimensional and scale H is 0.6125,Cronbach?of the scale is 0.9287.Conclusion The psychometric proper- ties(reliabilities and validities)of FSS Chinese Version was satisfactory and seemed to be adaptable to Chinese cere- bral infarction patients.

Objective To asses the effects of Gamma nail and DHS/Richard (dynamic hip screw) in the treatment of proximal femoral fractures. Methods A meta analysis of all the relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed. We included randomized and quasi randomized controlled trials in patients with proximal femoral fracture to compare Gamma nail and DHS/Richard. Results First we identified 88 papers on comparison of Gamma nail and DHS/Richard in the treatment of proximal femoral fractures published from 1969 to 2003. 7 trials involving 1256 patients were identified as meeting all the eligibility criteria. 3 investigators independently graded study quality and abstracted relevant data, including information on mortality rates, wound infection, function, revision in patients with a proximal femoral fracture. 4 trials, which included a total of 621 patients, provided detailed information on mortality rates over the first 6 postoperative months. We found there was no significant difference in the relative risk of death in the first 6 months postoperative between treatments of Gamma nail and those of compression hip screw (relative risk 1.17;P=0.51). 6 trials that included a total of 1083 patients provided data on operative complications. The risk of operative complications from Gamma nail fixation appeared to be higher than that from compression screw and side plate fixation but not higher than that from compression hip screw (relative risk 1.41; P=0.02). We also found an obvious increase in the relative risk of fracture of femoral shaft between Gamma nail and compression hip screw (relative risk 6.99; P=0.00). Patients treated with Gamma nail had a higher rate of revision compared with those with compression hip screw, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (relative risk 1.85; P=0.20). In addition, wound infection, operative blood loss and functional recovery were similar between the tow groups(relative risk 0.98 for wound infection and 1.02 for function). Operating time for Gamma nail patients was significantly less than that for DHS/Richard ones (P

Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; Cell Line ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Monocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology

Abnormalities, Multiple ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Asphyxia ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Musculoskeletal Abnormalities ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Syndrome ; Thorax ; abnormalities

Objective To explore the protective effect of astragalus injection(黄芪注射液)on cerebral cells after craniocerebral injury.Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into five groups(each n=12).In the control group,only anesthesia and cranial bone surgery was performed, which did not impact on dura mater.In the model group,a freefall method was used to cause the left parietal lobe of brain limited contusion and saline was given.In the low,medium and high-dose astragalus injection (5,10,20 ml/kg)treatment groups,astragalus injection was injected intraperitoneally after injury at 30 minutes and 12 hours after injury respectively.After 24 hours of injury in each group,the rats were executed.The brain tissue from contusion was taken out and content changes of Ca~(2+),Mg~(2+),glutamate (Glu)and plasma endothelin(ET)were measured.Results In the model group,the Ca~(2+),Glu and ET contents in the rat brain tissues were significantly higher,but Mg~(2+)content was markedly lower than that of the control group(all P0.05).Conclusion Astragalus has a protective effect on nerve cells after craniocerebral injury.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-Mullerian Hormone ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Glycoproteins ; blood ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Testicular Hormones ; blood ; Testis ; growth & development

The UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometer was used to explore the chemical compositions in safflower. The rapid separation of the compositions was conducted by the UHPLC, following by high resolution full scan and MS2 scan, under the positive and negative ion mode. The chemical formula of compositions were deduced by full scan data in less than 5, then the potential structures were confirmed by the MS2 data. Forty-nine compounds were detected, of which 26 was identified, and 5 compounds was validated by the standard substances.
Carthamus tinctorius ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

5-10 years old were 33 cases;febrile children were 55 cases,persistent cough in 65 cases,among of those cases,the wheezing were 8 cases,nonproductive cough 45 cases,nasal discharge 7 cases in early right lung pneumonia in 38 cases,left lung pneumonia in 23 cases,pulmones involved at same time were 8 cases.Among of those children who senerated plenritis were 9 cases,pleural effussion 1 case;complication besides lung appeared 32 children.Complication of digestive and urinary system had 8 cases(11.6%),respectively.Complication of cardiovascular system had 3 cases(4.3%).Complication of nervous system and skin had 4 cases(5.8%),respectively.Complication of hematological system had 5 cases(7.2%).Eight cases(11.6%) showed damage of no more one organ,Fifty-nine cases first treated by erythromycin in vein,then by azithromycin in oral,10 cases were treated by azithromycin oral medication.Thirty-three cases fully recovered,36 cases improved.Conclusions SMPP are more founded in school children,the complication of besides lung are more serious than that of non-segmental pneumonia,it is security and relatively satisfaction to treat with erythromycin and azithromycin in sequential therapy.

?AIM: To investigate the changes of nearwork induced transient myopia ( NITM ) in different refractive status after continuous near tasking.?METHODS:Prospective study. Thirty subjects ( aged 18-24, average 20. 9 ± 2. 1, 12 males and 18 females) were recruited in this study. They were divided into 3 groups according to the subjective refraction: 10 with hyperopia (H), 10 with emmetrope (E) and 10 with myopia (M). All the subjects with soft contact lens watched videos on a panel computer at near distance (33cm ~ 40cm). Five measurements of distance refraction in the right eye were performed by using an infrared optometer before, after 30min and 60min sustained viewing task, and the mean of 5 refractive values was recorded as spherical equivalent. Then distance refraction of right eyes was done every 5s followed by stopping near tasking until NITM was disappeared completely and the decay time of NITM was recorded for each subject. The value of NITM was the difference of refractive values between before and after near tasking. Paired-t test was used to compare the changes of refractive values in the same group. ANOVA was used to determine the differences of NITM and its decaying time among three groups.?RESULTS: Compared with pre - task, no significant refractive changes were found in hyperopic group ( t =1. 627,P= 0. 138 ); While subjects with emmetropia and myopia showed more myopic shifts at the two time points (tE = 2. 699, PE = 0. 024;tM = 4. 930, PM = 0. 001 ). With continuous viewing until the 30th min and 60th min, significant differences of averaged NITM were found between myopic group and other 2 groups (P<0. 05), but no difference was found between hyperopic group and emmetropic group (P>0. 05). Significant differences of the decay time of NITM can be seen among the three groups after near tasking (F=787. 983,P<0. 001).? CONCLUSION: Subjects with myopia are more susceptible to produce NITM than other 2 groups during sustained nearwork for the same time and the decaying time of NITM is longer in myopia group after near tasking, thus it is suggesting that NITM might be attributed to the development and progression of myopia.

OBJECTIVETry to observe the plasticity of neuron in primary cortex of rat evoked by conditioned stimulus of different sound level.

METHODSApplying conventional electrophysiological technique of extracellular recording to investigate the plasticity of characteristic frequency (CF) and frequency turning curve (FIC) of neurons in rat auditory cortex (AC) by determining CF shifts of neurons caused by sound stimulus of different sound level.

RESULTSWhen the frequency difference between conditioned stimulus (CS) frequency and the CF of neuron was in 1.0 kHz, the plasticity of CF induced by CS was associated with sound level. The probability of the plasticity of CF evoked by CS of higher sound lever was more than the lower. And the probability was dependent on frequency turning curve (FTC) and almost independent on the sound level of conditioned signal.

CONCLUSIONSound level of conditioned stimulus differs the plasticity of characteristic frequency of neurons in rat auditory cortex.

Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Auditory Cortex ; cytology ; Auditory Perception ; physiology ; Conditioning, Classical ; physiology ; Female ; Male ; Neuronal Plasticity ; physiology ; Neurons ; physiology ; Perceptual Masking ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sound