The effects of carbamates and soman on the metabolism of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (N-AChR) in cultured skeletal muscle cells were studied by 125I-a-bungarotoxin (125I-a-BTX), a specific marker. It was indicated that N~AChR degradation process was inhibited and the incorperation rate of IshAChR and the number of N~AChR in the surface of the cell membrane were increased 4h after prertreatment of high concentrations of carbamates. The number of N-AChR was also increased after pre-treatment of low concentrations of soman, whose effects on N-AChR metabolism were similar to those of high concentrations of carbamates. The incorperation rate of N-AChR was observed by inhibiting the protein synthesis with puromysin, suggesting that soman may increase the number of N-AChR by increasing the incorperation of N-AChR instead of increasing the synthesis of N-AChR.

Objective To observe the effect of moxibustion and ear acupoint pressing method in treating dry eye syndrome.Methods Will meet the inclusion criteria of 63 patients were randomly divided into a treatment group (n=31) , treated with moxibustion and ear acupoint pressing method, and a control group (n=32) who were given with sodium hyaluronate eye drops. After 4 weeks' treatment, clinic symptom,break-up time of tear film(BUT), fluorescence staining(FL) and tear meniscus height(TMH) were measured and compared respectively.Results After treatment, the BUT (8.28 ± 1.73 svs.5.00 ± 1.51 s,t=11.948) in the treatment group was longer than the control group (P<0.01), FL score (1.00 ± 0.90vs.1.85 ± 1.45,t=4.057) in the treatment group were lower than the control group; TMH(0.28 ± 0.06 mm vs.0.20 ± 0.06 mm,t=6.768) in the treatment group were higher than the control group (P<0.01). After treatment, dry sense (1.61 ± 0.67 vs.2.60 ± 0.89,t=6.053), foreign body(1.00 ± 0.45 vs.1.85 ± 1.45,t=10.460), burning(0. 39 ± 0.67 vs.1.59 ± 0.87, t=6.142), visual fatigue (0.61 ± 0.67 vs.1.50 ± 1.16,t=3.725), eye expansion (0.29 ± 0.46 vs.1.28 ± 1.02, t=4.980), Photophobia (0.77 ± 0.76 vs.1.67 ± 0.90,t=4.092), cry (0.29 ± 0.46 vs.0.59 ± 0.91,t=2.038) integral in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion The effect of moxibustion and ear acupoint pressing method in treating dry eye syndrome is more effective than sodium hyaluronate eye drops.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Vessels ; injuries ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Free Tissue Flaps ; blood supply ; Head ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; surgery ; Tissue Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo summarize the experience of percutaneous fixation of scaphoid fractures with Herbert screws through volar approach, and provide a reliable and efficient treatment method for scaphoid fractures.

METHODSFrom April 2008 to September 2012,15 patients with scaphoid fractures were treated by percutaneous fixation with Herbert cannulated screws through volar approach including 14 males and 1 female with an average age of 35 years ranging from 25 to 45 years old. Among them, 10 cases were on left side and 5 cases were on right side. Durations from injury to operation ranged from 3 to 10 days with an average of 5 days. All these cases were identified as B2 type according to the Herbert classification based on X-ray and CT scan. In order to assess the function of wrist, all patients were calculated according to Krimmer's score postoperatively.

RESULTSThe follow-up period were from 5 to 18 months with an average of 10 months. At 3 months after operation,X-ray was re-checked every month. All the patients achieved bone union with a mean time of 10 weeks (ranged from 7 to 14 weeks) postoperatively. According to Krimmer's score, 14 cases gained 100 scores as perfect and one case got 90 scores as good. The small volar incision of all patients were union at the first period. No operation complications such as infection and nonunion occurred.

CONCLUSIONPercutaneous fixation with Herbert cannulated screws through volar approach is a reliable and efficient treatment method for scaphoid fractures with small invasion, high bone union rate, and fewer complications.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; utilization ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Fractures, Ununited ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Scaphoid Bone ; injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Wrist Injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Wrist Joint ; physiopathology ; surgery

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of sodium aescinate (SA) on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in rats.Methods SAP model was induced by intraductal administration of 5％ taurocholic acid sodium salt.SD rats were then randomly divided into 3 groups (n =16),namely sham,model and SA group (5 mg/kg).Drugs or saline(10 ml/kg) were administered via caudal vein 30 min post-operation.The serum amylase was measured with spectrophotometer and pancreatic histological changes were observed under microscope 6 h and 12 h post-operation,respectiveiy.Results Pancreatic histological grades in the model group were (9.42 ± 1.06) and (18.30± 2.18) 6 h and 12 h post-operation,respectively,which showed significant differences (P＜0.01) compared with the sham group [(0.55 ±0.20) and 0,respectively].SA evidently reduced the severity of pancreatic pathology and improved the tissue inflammation in rats with SAP.Pancreatic histological grades were (7.85±1.33) and (12.75±1.69)in the SA group 6 h and 12 h post-operation,respectively,which had significant differences compared with the model group (P＜0.05).Serum amylase levels in model group were (2612 ± 59) U/L and(3004±687)U/L6 h and 12 h post-operation,respectively,which showed significant differences (P ＜ 0.01) compared with the sham group [(928 ± 271) and (890± 295) U/L,respectively].Serum amylase levels were reduced to (1790± 336) U/L and (2093 ± 298) U/L in the SA group 6 h and 12 h post-operation,respectively.SA markedly inhibited the level of serum amylase compared to the model group (P＜0.01).Conclusion SA could protect rats with SAP effectively.

Objective To evaluate the values of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis of cystic renal cell carcino-ma. Methods A total of 73 patients with renal cystic lesions were included in this study. The image features of ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination were analysed. All of patients underwent surgical treatment and had patholog-ical results. The diagnostic values of the ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound were analyzed by evaluating the im-age features of cystic renal cell carcinoma. Results There were 64 cases of cystic renal cell carcinoma, 9 cases of benign cyst. With ultrasound and color doppler ultrasound,irregular shape, thickness wall, solid ingredients, divisions and more blood flow signals were found in cystic renal cell carcinoma. Renal cyst showed regular shape, few solid component and thin separation and inconspicuous blood flow signals. In contrast-enhanced ultrasound, cystic renal cancer contrast agent appear-ing time was (15.13±4.21)s, and reached the peak time (23.42±5.68)s, fade time was (28.42±4.27)s. The enhanced mode for fast in and fast out was found in 22 cases (34.3%), fast in and slow out in 30 cases (46.8%), slow in and fast out in 2 cases (3.2%), slow in and slow out in 4 cases (6.4%), and synchronously in and out in 6 cases (9.3%). The hyper-enhancement was found in 42 cases (65.6%), the iso-enhancement and hypo-enhancement in 22 cases (34.4%). In renal cyst, There were three cases out of contrast filling. In other 6 cases, the contrast agent appearing time was (16.67±2.73)s, the peak time was (25.83±3.06)s and fade time was (34.17±4.26)s. The enhanced mode for fast in and fast out was found in 1 case (16.7%), fast in and slow out in 1 case (16.7%) and synchronously in and out in 4 cases (66.6%). The hyper-enhancement was found in 2 cases (33.3%), the iso-enhancement and hypo-enhancement in 4 cases (66.7%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predic-tive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of ultrasound were 85.9%, 66.7%, 94.8%, 40.0%and 83.6%. The sensitiv-ity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound were 92.2%, 77.8%, 96.7%, 58.3%and 90.4%. Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be used in benign and malignan-cy identification of renal cystic lesion.

Malnutrition is common among patients with liver disease, and its severity directly influences the short-term survival. As an important approach for chronic liver disease, nutritional support is especially necessary for long-term rehabilitation and treatment. Many methods (e. g. direct human body measurement, biochemical indicator determination, immunological indicators, nutrition assessment tools, and human composition determination) can be applied for the nutritional status evaluation. Based on the specific disease condition and the patient's tolerance, nutritional supports (with proper nutritional substances and administrative route) should be provided individually.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with persistent low levels of β-hCG. Methods To analyze the clinical data of 6 patients with persistent low level of β-hCG retrospectively and review the relevant literature. Results The periods of low levels of β-hCG in the 6 patients were 10-53 months. The range of β-hCG was 3～637 U/L. The last pregnancy were hydatidiform mole in 5 cases and abortion in 1 case. After hydatidiform mole 5 cases were received multi-chemotherapy. Normal level of β-hCG maintained 1-12 months after chemotherapy, then β-hCG titer has gone up again, One patient developed lung metastases after 30 months and then cured by surgery and chemotherapy. There were no clinical evidence of malignancy in the other 4 cases, and 1 case received no therapy after abortion during course of therapy and following up. Conclusion Persistent low level of hCG was a special kind of disease with poor response to chemotherapy, but the majority were with stable status. Therapy should be restrained if there was no evidence of malignancy.

Objective To establish a method for TLC identification of Guangdongzizhu in Kanggongyan tablets. Method Developer was chloroform-methyl alcoho-Formic acid (20∶4∶0.8), spraying with the test solution of chloride ferric. Result The same color spots in the TLC graphs of sample existed at the corresponding position compared with the control. Conclusion The method is proved to be sensitive and precise, and can be used for the quality control of Kanggongyan tablets.

Objective To design a new type of posterior lumbar interbody fusion cage made of NiTi shape-memory alloy and to evaluate its histological and biomechanical behavior through animal study. Methods This study contained three steps of experiments which was posterior lumbar interbody fusion using different fusion materials and devices. At the first step, 12 sheep lumbar functional spinal units were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 specimens in each group. There was one group with autogenous iliac crest bone dowel(IG), one group with interfix lumbar cage(cage), one group with NiTi-TFC(NT) and one group served as control group. Nondestructive biomechanical tests were carried out for each group. At the second step, 15 sheep were randomly divided into three groups with 5 specimens in each group. There was one group with cage and autogenous iliac crest graft, one group with NT and iliac crest and one group served as control group. All the animals were undergone imaging study regularly to evaluate the change of the intervertebral space heights and the process of fusion. At the third step, all animal from the second step were sacrificed 6 months later for histological analysis of the operated segments. All the data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 7.0. Results The strength and axial stiffness of the autogenous iliac crest bone dowel graft group and the control group were significantly different from the NT and cage group(P