AIM: To study the correlation between the release rate in vitro and the absorption in vivo of Shenshen sustained-release Capsule(SSRC phenylethanoid glycosides). METHODS: Release rate of SSRC in vitro was tested with D-800LS dissolution tester. 8 rats were randomly divided into two groups. One group was orally fed on SSRC. Plasma levels were determined by UV and the absorption fraction was calculated according to Wagner-Nelson's formula. RESULTS: The correlation coefficient between the release rate in vitro and the absorption fraction in vivo was 0.9654 . CONCLUSION: There is a significant correlation between release rate in vitro and absorption in vivo to SSRC.

Object To study the chemical constituents from Epimeredi indica and search for the natu-ral compounds with bioactivities. Methods Three compounds were isolated by a combination of RP-18and silica gel column chromatographies, and their structures were identified by spectral methods. ResultsA novel 2- (3-methoxy-4-hydroxy) phenyl-ethanol 1-O-a-L- [(1→3 )-rhamnopyranosyl- 6-feruloyl] gluco-side ( I ) along with known 2-(3, 4-dihydroxy) phenyl ethanol 1-O-?-L-[(1→3)-rhamnopyranoside-4-O-caffeoyl-] glucoside (verbascoside) ( Ⅱ ), and 2-(3, 4-dihydroxy) phenyl ethanol (1→1) (2→2)-[(1→3)-rhamnopyranoside-4-O-caffeoyl glucoside (oraposide) (Ⅲ) were isolated from E. indica. ConclusionCompound I is a new compound named as epimeredinoside A and compounds Ⅱ and Ⅲ are isolated fromthis plant for the first time.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of related substances in bifonazole raw material. METH-ODS:HPLC method was performed on the column of Kromasil C18 with mobile phase of methanol-0.02 mol/L phosphoric acid(ad-justed pH to 7.5 with triethylamine)(70:30,V/V)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 258 nm,volume injection was 20 μl,and the column temperature was 40 ℃. RESULTS:The linear range was 0.05-0.25 μg/ml for bifonazole(r=0.9996), 0.05-0.25 μg/ml for impurity A(bifonol)(r=0.9997)and 0.05-0.25 μg/ml for impurity B(4-C isomer)(r=0.9995);the detec-tion limits were 8.2 ng/ml,7.5 ng/ml and 8.4 ng/ml,and the quantification limits were 27.1 ng/ml,24.7 ng/ml and 27.8 ng/ml,re-spectively;RSDs of precision and reproducibility tests were lower than 1%;recovery of impurity B was 95.13%-101.29%(RSD=1.89%,n=9);both impurity A and impurity B were were detected in the 3 batches of samples. CONCLUSIONS:The method is accurate,sensitive and reproducible,and can be used for the determination of the related substances in bifonazole raw material.

Objective To evaluate the implication and necessity of deepithelialization in mastopexy.Methods A total of 124 patients with mastoptosis were randomly divided into 2 groups:group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ,62 cases each.A double-circle incision technique was used for all the patients.In group Ⅰ,full thickness skin around nipple-areola was resected.While in group Ⅱ,deepithelialization was performed and the peri nipple-areola dermis was preserved.Results The average full skin resection time was 4.5 minute per side in group Ⅰ and the skin deepithelialization time was 15.8 minute per side in group Ⅱ.Postoperative follow-up was carried out for all the 124 patients with duration of 2 weeks to 4 years.In group Ⅱ,sebaceous cysts,epidermal inclusion cyst and suture knot exclusion were found at the incision site in 8 patients (12.9 ％) at 3 weeks to 1.5 years after operation.Conclusions The blood supply to the nipple-areola complex is not affected by full-thickness skin removal during mastopexy,while the incidence of complication at the incision site decreases significantly.We conclude that deepithelialization has not much clinical significance in mastopexy.

Objective To observe the surgical effect of nipple retractor to inverted nipples.Methods Between January 2001 and January 2014,this nipple retractor to inverted nipples was used to correct 604 inverted nipples of 322 patients.The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 24 months.The clinical results and complications were evaluated.Results Excellent nipple morphology and patient satisfaction were achieved in 211 cases (93.8 ％),basically normal nipple morphology and patient satisfaction were achieved in 12 cases (5.3％),and recurrent nipple inversion occurred in three cases (1.3％).The latter three patients had experienced failed open correction for their inverted nipples,and some degree of nipple inversion occurred after removal of the frame.In this study,28 patients (12.4 ％) experienced successful pregnancy and breast-feeding.No loss of nipple sensation occurred in 225 cases.Nipple erection was observed after stimulation in 215 cases (95.6％).Conclusions The described technique is minimally invasive,simple,safe,and reliable.Satisfying aesthetic results can be achieved without destroying breast feeding function and nipple sensation.

Objective To establish a preoperative evaluation system for breast reconstruction,and to simplify the selection of surgical methods for breast reconstruction in a standard way.Methods We investigated respectively 192 successful cases that underwent breast reconstruction from July 2003 to July 2009.The factors influencing selection of methods for breast reconstruction were studied.The results presented in more than 50 ％ were collected.Results A special table of the preoperative evaluation system for breast reconstruction was established by analyzing statistical results. Conclusions The selection of methods for breast reconstruction is simplified according to this preoperative evaluation system.

Objective When implantation of a prosthesis is performed for patients with a local defect of the breast after the removal of polyacrylamide hydrogel,incomplete coverage of the surface of the prosthesis occurs in these cases.The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of acellular allogeneic dermis in the repair of defects after prosthesis implantation.Methods Breast prosthesis implantation together with acellular allogeneic dermis repair was performed in 46 cases.Acellular allogeneic dermis was applied to cover the surface of the prosthesis,and interrupted suture was used between the margin of the dermis and the incisional margin of the gland,while appropriate tension was maintained.Results There were no complications occurred postoperatively.Correction of local depression in the breast was excellent in all cases.Histological examination showed the implanted acellular allogeneic dermis was integrated into the peripheral tissue.Conclusions Acellular allogeneic dermis can be used for repairing breast and muscle defects,in order to cover the prosthesis.Although it cannot significantly increase the thickness of the subcutaneous tissue,it can maintain the integrity of the peripheral tension around the prosthesis.In this way,it can avoid bulging of the prosthesis caused by a sudden reduction of local tension.Moreover,donor site injury is avoided.Acellular allogeneic dermis is an effective method for the repair of local breast defects.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of autologous fat injection augmentation with external tissue expander.Methods 26 cases wore the Brava device,a bra-like vacuum-based external tissue expander for 4 weeks before autologous fat injection augmentation.Patients resumed Brava wear for 14 more days after fat injection.Results 26 women had a mean augmentation volume at 3 months of 76 ml per breast after single fat injection.Follow-up ranged from 1 month to 12 months.There were no complications such as nodules,masses,or cysts occurred.Patient satisfaction was as sessed:25 cases (95.6 ％) were satisfied with the cosmetic results.Conclusions The addition of Brava expansion before autologous fat grafting leads to significantly larger breast augmentations,with more fat graft placement,higher graft survival rates,and minimal graft necrosis or complications,demonstrating high safety and efficacy for the procedure.

Objective To analyze factors of volume maintenance percentage after autologous fat grafting breast augmentation.Methods From March 2011 to December 2014,39 patients were included.Age,BMI,donor site,breast preoperative volume,whether or not application of Brava and water-jet-assisted liposuction were collected as variables.We performed multivariate regression and univariate regression analyses in a general linear regression model and multilevel linear regression model to identify significant factors.Results The mean percentage of volume maintenance was (34± 12) ％.In univariate regression analysis,rate of volume maintenace was decreased 3.3％ as increase of age per 5 years;Brava application increased volume maintenace,compared with donor sites of the back and abdomen 8.4％ (40.7％ vs 32.3％,P＜0.05),application of leg fat increased by 9.6％ of volume maintenace (39.1％ vs 29.5％,P＜0.05).In the multivariate regression analysis,Brava use increased volume maintenance of 6.2％ (P＜0.05);use of leg fat increased by 6.0 ％ of volume maintenace as compared with donor sites of the back and abdomen (P＜0.05).Conclusions The age,Brava,and donor site are significant impact factors to percentage volume maintenance in autologous fat graft breast augmentation.

AIM To determine the contents of arillanin A,tenuifoliside A and tenuifoliside C in raw Polygalae Radix (root barks),Polygalae Radix duramen,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-processed Polygalae Radix,waterboiling Polygalae Radix and honey-processed Polygalae Radix.METHODS The analyses of 50％ methanol extracts from samples were performed on a 30 ℃ thermostatic Kromasil C18 column (250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.1％ formic acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 330 nm.RESULTS The contents of three oligosaccharide esters were the highest in raw Polygalae Radix,followed by those in honey-processed Polygalae Radix,and those in water-boiling Polygalae Radix were the lowest.These constituents also existed in Polygalae Radix duramen,but their contents were lower than those in root barks.CONCLUSION The ester bonds of oligosaccharide esters in Polygalae Radix may be hydrolyzed during processing,followed by the generation of small molecular organic acids.The medication of whole Polygalae Radix (root barks and duramen) can be taken into consideration in clinical practice to reduce toxicity and enhance efficacy.