Ocular ischemic syndrome(OIS) is a disease seen in cardiology,ophthalmology,neurology and neurosurgery,which is characteristic by brain and ocular symptoms caused by carotid artery obstruction or stenosis.The diagnosis of OIS may be difficult because of its variable presentations and its concealed onset.What is more,its pathogenesis is not completely clear,and therefore its treating efficacy is dissatisfactory so far.The current study on OIS is focused on experimental research.So establishment of suitable animal model is important.Recently years,the creating method of OIS model made a great progress.The selection of model animals,extablishing methods of models and comparison of various models were summarized.

Objective To investigate the low back pain(LBP)of clinic nurses and find out the understanding of related knowledge of LBP in nurses,and improve the occupational protection of nurses.Methods Investigation was carried out in 692 nurses by self-designed questionnaires.Results The incidence of LBP in nurses was 97.4%.The knowledge of LBP and the related occupational protection in nurses were greatly deficient.Conclusions The hospital should pay attention to the protection of LBP in nurses and improve their health.

Biomarkers ; Hepatitis B ; therapy ; virology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans

Objective:To find a better way to protect the security and interests of vulnerable groups by exploring the problem of protecting the vulnerable groups in drug clinical trial from the perspectives of ethics committees,organization and researchers.Methods:According to the relevant literature and the actual situation of the hospital,this paper analyzed the security issues of vulnerable groups comprehensively.Results:Only the ethics committees,organization and researchers work together,can it protect the security and interests of vulnerable groups to the greatest extents.Conclusion:Further research on the security of vulnerable groups not only promotes the development of human health,but also plays a decisive role in improving the protection of subjects in drug clinical trial.

Background Fungal keratitis can cause serious damage to visual function of corneal infective disease,which is more difficult to treat.In recent years,injecting antifungal drugs to the corneal stroma not only enrich the treatment of the disease,but also achieve good clinical effects.Correctly selecting drug kinds and drug concentration can improve the cure rate,and reduce adverse reactions after treatment,but the related research is rare.Objective This study was to observe the clinical effects of corneal stroma fluconazole injection with different concentration for the treatment of fungal keratitis.Methods Prospective study was performed.One hundred and two patients (102 eyes) diagnosed as fungal keratitis were included from May 2012 to January 2015 in Jizhong Energy Xingtai Mining General Hospital.The patients were randomly divided into 3 groups,The eyedrop treatment group (29 eyes) received 0.5％ fluconazole eyedrops and 5％ natamycin eyedrops treatment.The 0.1％ fluconazole group (35 eyes) and 0.2％ fluconazole group (38 eyes) received 0.1％ and 0.2％ fluconazole corneal stroma injection after eyedrop treatment,respectively.Each group underwent potassium hydroxide wet examination and fungal cultures.The curative effect and adverse reactions were observed.Results Fusarium 41.2％ (42/102),Aspergillus 21.6％ (22/102)and Alternaria mold 17.6％ (18/102) ranked the top three pathogenic species.The distribution of pathogenic fungus among the 3 groups were significantly different (x2 =3.763,P＞0.05).The cure rate of eyedrop treatment group was 44.8％ (13/49),which was significantly lower than 0.1％ fluconazole group (74.3％,26/35) and 0.2％ fluconazole group (81.6％,31/38) (x2 =5.782,9.854;both at P＜0.05).The cure rate was significantly different between 0.1％ fluconazole group and 0.2％ fluconazole group (x2=0.566,P＞0.05).The average cure time of eyedrop treatment group,0.1％ fluconazole group and 0.2％ fluconazole group were (36.28 ± 10.39),(29.14± 7.86) and (21.34 ± 8.57) days,respectively,with a significant difference among the three groups (F =5.336,P=0.006).The acuity of vision was significantly increased after treatment in the 0.1％ fluconazole group and 0.2％ fluconazole group (t =3.009,4.695;both at P ＜ 0.01).The average number of injection in the 0.1％ fluconazole group was (5.71 ± 2.97) times,which was higher than (5.13 ± 1.80) times in the 0.2％ fluconazole group (t=4.471,P＜0.05).Four cases in 0.2％ fluconazole group with eye irritation were observed.After diclofenac sodium eyedrops treatment,the symptoms of 3 cases were disappeared.One case was cured by conjunctival flap covering method.All the cases were followed up for 1-3 months,no adverse reactions and recurrence was found.Conclusions Corneal stroma fluconazole injection is an effective method for treatment of fungal keratitis.In order to reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions,0.1％ fluconazole injection in corneal stroma is recommend for light fungal keratitis patients;for moderate and heavy fungal keratitis patients,0.2％ fluconazole injection in corneal stroma can be performed after failure of 0.1％ fluconazole treatment.

Objective:To study the expression of IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 (IQGAP1 )in oral squamous cell cancer(OSCC)tissue,and to explore the effects of IQGAP1 on cell proliferation and invasion as well as its underlying mechanism. Methods:Expression levels of IQGAP1 in tumor and adjacent normal tissues were examined by western blot and RT-PCR.OSCC cell line SCC-4 cells was transfected with the recombinant plasmid-pcDNA3.1 -IQGAP1 by lipofectamine,and then treated with an Akt in-hibitor.The phosphorylation of Akt,cell proliferation and invasion were detected by western blot,MTT assay and Transwell invasion as-say respectively.Results:Protein and mRNA expression levels of IQGAP1 were higher in cancer tissue than in adjacent normal tissue (P <0.05).Transfection of pcDNA3.1 -IQGAP1 increased IQGAP1 expression,enhanced the capability of cell proliferation and inva-sion (P <0.05),increased p Akt level in the cells.Preconditioning with an Akt inhibitor reduced p Akt level.Furthermore,silencing Akt pathway blocked the increase of cell proliferation and invasion induced by IQGAP1 overexpression(P <0.05).Conclusion:IQ-GAP1 overexprission can mediate the ability of proliferation and invasion of OSCC cells by regulating the activation of Akt pathway.

The progress in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) research has shown an important role of hepatic steatosis in triggering insulin resistance and glucose/lipid metabolic disorders.As an early reversible therapeutic target for metabolic diseases,NAFLD has attracted increasing attention from endocrinologists and gastroenterologists,as well as deeping the studies in this field.Based on the recent progress in NAFLD research,this review mainly presents the new understanding and concept of NAFLD,discusses the features of the new guidelines and concensus for NAFLD treatment,and introduces some updated developments in NAFLD diagnosis and therapy.Furthermore,future directions of NAFLD research are also predicted in the article.

Objective To investigate the evaluation of serum cystatin C and treating efficacy of enalapril for contrast induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary.intervention.Methods 86 patients who need coronary angiography or coronary stents implantation by skin were divided into observation group(43 cases)and control group(43 cases)randomly.The fasting venous blood was extracted and in which Cys-C and Scr were tested.All the patients were given water therapy,and enalapril was added in observation group.Diversification of concentration of Cys-C and Scr and efficacy of enalapril were recorded.Results There was no difference of Cys-C and Scr in serum and eGFR before and after operation(all P＞0.05),and the concentration of BUN was(3.96±0.89)mmol/L,which was lower after operation(P＜0.05),and the rate of CIN incidence was 2.33 ％(1 case).The concentration of Cys-C in serum was(18.4±0.58)mg/L,which was significantly higher than preoperation(P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference of Scr,eGFR and BUN before and after operation(P＞0.05),and the rate of CIN incidence was 11.63％(5 cases).Conclusion Cys-C was more sensitive in early detection for contrast induced nephropathy and more convenient.The rate of CIN incidence could be decreased by using enalapril.

Endocardial myocardial biopsy is the gold standard in the diagnosis of viral myocarditis.However,the limitations of sampling to the low sensitivity,and invasive inspection methods limit its clinical application.The traditional diagnostic tool electrocardiography,laboratory values and echocardiography are lack of specificity.Thus,a non-invasive diagnostic approach with high sensitivity is in need.Cardiovascular magnetic resonance(CMR) can evaluate the function of the heart parameters,such as left ventricular function and regional wall motion,and various CMR imagings including T2-weighted imaging,and early- and late-contrast enhanced T1-weighted imaging can evaluate the hyperemia,oedema and necrosis of myocardial inflammation histological character.CMR provides a scientific basis for the diagnosis of viral myocarditis in clinical.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of local injection of botulinum toxin A (BTXA) and oral baclofen in hemifacial spasm (HFS).Methods Sixty-six patients with HFS were divided into BTXA treatment group (33 patients) and baclofen treatment group (33 patients) by random digits table.The patients in BTXA treatment group was given local multipoint target muscle injection of BTXA,and the patients in baclofen treatment group was given oral baclofen.The therapeutic effect was assessed after treatment of 2 weeks and 4 weeks.Results The scores of spasticity before treatment had no significant difference between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).After treatment of 2 weeks and 4 weeks,the scores of spasticity in BTXA treatment group and baclofen treatment group were significantly decreased [BTXA treatment group:(1.80 ±0.70),(1.57 ± 0.17) scores vs.(3.15 ±0.43) scores;baclofen treatment group:(2.14 ±0.60),(1.14 ± 0.70) scores vs.(3.00 ± 0.48) scores] (P ＜ 0.01).The scores of spasticity in BTXA treatment group after treatment of 2 weeks and 4 weeks were significantly lower than those in baclofen treatment group (P ＜0.05 or ＜0.01).After treatment of 4 weeks,the grades of spasticity between two groups had significant difference (P ＜0.05).The rate of adverse reaction in BTXA treatment group [15.15％ (5/33)] was significantly lower than that in baclofen treatment group [51.52％ (17/33)] (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Local injection of BTXA and low dose oral baclofen in treatment of HFS can reach the obvious relief.But BTXA treatment has rapid onset,Iess adverse reaction and high compliance of the patients,and also symptoms improve more completely after BTXA treatment.BTXA can be used as preferred method of treating HFS.