Ocular ischemic syndrome(OIS) is a disease seen in cardiology,ophthalmology,neurology and neurosurgery,which is characteristic by brain and ocular symptoms caused by carotid artery obstruction or stenosis.The diagnosis of OIS may be difficult because of its variable presentations and its concealed onset.What is more,its pathogenesis is not completely clear,and therefore its treating efficacy is dissatisfactory so far.The current study on OIS is focused on experimental research.So establishment of suitable animal model is important.Recently years,the creating method of OIS model made a great progress.The selection of model animals,extablishing methods of models and comparison of various models were summarized.

Objective:To study the expression of IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 (IQGAP1 )in oral squamous cell cancer(OSCC)tissue,and to explore the effects of IQGAP1 on cell proliferation and invasion as well as its underlying mechanism. Methods:Expression levels of IQGAP1 in tumor and adjacent normal tissues were examined by western blot and RT-PCR.OSCC cell line SCC-4 cells was transfected with the recombinant plasmid-pcDNA3.1 -IQGAP1 by lipofectamine,and then treated with an Akt in-hibitor.The phosphorylation of Akt,cell proliferation and invasion were detected by western blot,MTT assay and Transwell invasion as-say respectively.Results:Protein and mRNA expression levels of IQGAP1 were higher in cancer tissue than in adjacent normal tissue (P <0.05).Transfection of pcDNA3.1 -IQGAP1 increased IQGAP1 expression,enhanced the capability of cell proliferation and inva-sion (P <0.05),increased p Akt level in the cells.Preconditioning with an Akt inhibitor reduced p Akt level.Furthermore,silencing Akt pathway blocked the increase of cell proliferation and invasion induced by IQGAP1 overexpression(P <0.05).Conclusion:IQ-GAP1 overexprission can mediate the ability of proliferation and invasion of OSCC cells by regulating the activation of Akt pathway.

Objective To investigate the low back pain(LBP)of clinic nurses and find out the understanding of related knowledge of LBP in nurses,and improve the occupational protection of nurses.Methods Investigation was carried out in 692 nurses by self-designed questionnaires.Results The incidence of LBP in nurses was 97.4%.The knowledge of LBP and the related occupational protection in nurses were greatly deficient.Conclusions The hospital should pay attention to the protection of LBP in nurses and improve their health.

Biomarkers ; Hepatitis B ; therapy ; virology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans

Background Fungal keratitis can cause serious damage to visual function of corneal infective disease,which is more difficult to treat.In recent years,injecting antifungal drugs to the corneal stroma not only enrich the treatment of the disease,but also achieve good clinical effects.Correctly selecting drug kinds and drug concentration can improve the cure rate,and reduce adverse reactions after treatment,but the related research is rare.Objective This study was to observe the clinical effects of corneal stroma fluconazole injection with different concentration for the treatment of fungal keratitis.Methods Prospective study was performed.One hundred and two patients (102 eyes) diagnosed as fungal keratitis were included from May 2012 to January 2015 in Jizhong Energy Xingtai Mining General Hospital.The patients were randomly divided into 3 groups,The eyedrop treatment group (29 eyes) received 0.5％ fluconazole eyedrops and 5％ natamycin eyedrops treatment.The 0.1％ fluconazole group (35 eyes) and 0.2％ fluconazole group (38 eyes) received 0.1％ and 0.2％ fluconazole corneal stroma injection after eyedrop treatment,respectively.Each group underwent potassium hydroxide wet examination and fungal cultures.The curative effect and adverse reactions were observed.Results Fusarium 41.2％ (42/102),Aspergillus 21.6％ (22/102)and Alternaria mold 17.6％ (18/102) ranked the top three pathogenic species.The distribution of pathogenic fungus among the 3 groups were significantly different (x2 =3.763,P＞0.05).The cure rate of eyedrop treatment group was 44.8％ (13/49),which was significantly lower than 0.1％ fluconazole group (74.3％,26/35) and 0.2％ fluconazole group (81.6％,31/38) (x2 =5.782,9.854;both at P＜0.05).The cure rate was significantly different between 0.1％ fluconazole group and 0.2％ fluconazole group (x2=0.566,P＞0.05).The average cure time of eyedrop treatment group,0.1％ fluconazole group and 0.2％ fluconazole group were (36.28 ± 10.39),(29.14± 7.86) and (21.34 ± 8.57) days,respectively,with a significant difference among the three groups (F =5.336,P=0.006).The acuity of vision was significantly increased after treatment in the 0.1％ fluconazole group and 0.2％ fluconazole group (t =3.009,4.695;both at P ＜ 0.01).The average number of injection in the 0.1％ fluconazole group was (5.71 ± 2.97) times,which was higher than (5.13 ± 1.80) times in the 0.2％ fluconazole group (t=4.471,P＜0.05).Four cases in 0.2％ fluconazole group with eye irritation were observed.After diclofenac sodium eyedrops treatment,the symptoms of 3 cases were disappeared.One case was cured by conjunctival flap covering method.All the cases were followed up for 1-3 months,no adverse reactions and recurrence was found.Conclusions Corneal stroma fluconazole injection is an effective method for treatment of fungal keratitis.In order to reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions,0.1％ fluconazole injection in corneal stroma is recommend for light fungal keratitis patients;for moderate and heavy fungal keratitis patients,0.2％ fluconazole injection in corneal stroma can be performed after failure of 0.1％ fluconazole treatment.

Objective:To find a better way to protect the security and interests of vulnerable groups by exploring the problem of protecting the vulnerable groups in drug clinical trial from the perspectives of ethics committees,organization and researchers.Methods:According to the relevant literature and the actual situation of the hospital,this paper analyzed the security issues of vulnerable groups comprehensively.Results:Only the ethics committees,organization and researchers work together,can it protect the security and interests of vulnerable groups to the greatest extents.Conclusion:Further research on the security of vulnerable groups not only promotes the development of human health,but also plays a decisive role in improving the protection of subjects in drug clinical trial.

BACKGROUND:At present,withthe aging trend of the world’s populationand social development,the proportion of hip fracture is on the rise, and the morbidity and mortality ratearehigh. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the risk factors for death in old patients with hip fractures. OBJECTIVE:To review and systematicaly analyze the deathrisk factors for hip fracture al over the world. METHODS:The PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane library, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, VIP database resources were reviewed for mortality risk factors for hip fracture in the elderly. Meta analysis of mortality risk factors for hip fracture in the elderly was conducted by Stata11.0 software, and then the pooled odd ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of each risk factor were calculated from the patient’s own factors and iatrogenic factors in order to analyze risk factors for hip fracture in the elderly. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) 47 literatures were searched and among them 27 literatures were included in our meta-analysis. (2) The results of meta-analysis showed that mortality risk factors for hip fracture in the elderly included male, older than 60 years of age, body mass index, high American Society of Anesthesiologists Score, delay time from fracture to surgery, poor daily living before fracture, type of fracture, pre-fracture lung disease, pre-fracture cardiovascular disease, and pre-fracture dementia. (3) Results indicated that high mortality of the elderly patients with hip fractures possibly resulted from combined actions of physiological condition, operative factors andpostoperative rehabilitation. Before treatment, fuly understanding the patient’s physical function and health status, fuly assessing the risk of surgery, and selecting the appropriate type of surgery can reduce complication rate and mortality and improve patients’ prognosis.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics and related factors of type 2 diabetes with different ankle brachial index (ABI).Methods Two hundred and sixty-two patients with type 2 diabetes in Tieying Hospital of Fengtai District of Beijing outpatient and inpatient from January 2012 to April 2015 were selected.General information,blood biochemical parameters and ABI of patients were tested and collected.The patients were classified into three groups according to the different ABI.A group was ABI＜0.9 with 40 cases,B group was ABI 0.9-1.3 with 191 cases,C group was ABI＞1.3 with 31 cases.The clinical characteristics of three groups were analyzed.Results The age of the patients in group B was younger than that in group A and C((62±15) years old vs.(72±10) years old vs.(71±9) years old,P=0.048).The duration of disease in group B was shorter than that in group A and C((6±6) years vs.(10±2) years vs.(11±3) years,P=0.037).The Blood uric acid of patient in group B were lower than those of patient in group A and C((320±111) μmol/L vs.(350±110) μmol/L vs.(338±109) μmol/L,P=0.039).The glycosylated hemoglobin levels of patient in group Bwere higher than those of patient in group A and C((9.5±1.8)％ vs.(7.2±2.3)％ vs.(8.8±2.0) ％,P=0.041).Compared with group A,the level of UA,HbA1c in group B were more higher(P＜0.05).The incidence rate of diabetic foot was 23％ (9/40) in group A,6％ (11/191) in group B,23％ (7/31) in group C,and the difference was significant(P=0.042).Compared with group A and C,the the incidence rate of diabetic foot in group B was the lower(P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that ABI was negatively correlated with age,course of disease,HbA1c(r=-0.65,-0.70,-0.79,-0.61,P＜0.05).Conclusion Different ABI of patients with type 2 diabetes have different clinical features.With increasing age,disease duration,glycosylated hemoglobin and blood uric acid level,it is likely to cause patients with abnormal ABI and increase the probability of occurrence of diabetic foot.

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in different stages of diabetic nephropathy patients.Methods Ninety-eight cases of diabetics were selected as our subjects in observation group,who were hospitalized in Tieying Hospital of Fengtai District of Beijing from January 2010 to December 2014.They were divided into diabetics group(36 cases,UAER ＜30 mg/24 h),microalbuminuria group(32 cases,UAER was 30-300 mg/24 h),massive proteinuria group (30cases,UAER＞300 mg/24 h).One hundred healthy persons were selected as a normal control group over the same period.The changes of fasting blood glucose,course of disease,blood lipid,serum creatinine and serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in all groups were recorded.Results Fasting blood glucose,serum creatinine and serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were (8.97±2.3) mmol/L,(76.2±19.5) μmol/L,(28.9±13.6) μg/L in observation group,and (4.7±0.4) mmol/L,(63.1±12.0) μmol/L,(70.1±21.3) μg/L in control group respectively,the difference between the two group was statistically significant (P =0.031,0.046,0.028).Serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was (52.68±20.91) μg/L in patients of diabetics group,(31.40±15.23) μg/L in microabuminuria group,(15.76±7.81) μg/L in massive proteinuria group,the difference among the three group was statistically significant (P =0.036).Serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 of microabuminuria group and massive proteinuria group were lower than of diabetics group,of massive proteinuria group was lower than of microabuminuria group(P＜0.05).Serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was negatively correlated with the cause of disease(r=-0.301),fasting blood glucose (r =-0.281) and serum creatinine (r =-0.536) in patients with type 2 diabetes,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in patients with diabetic nephropathy decrease in different degree,which reflects the severity of renal damage.The results indicate that reduction of serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 may be involved in the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy

Objective To discuss the key problem of medical device supervision of orthoses and its effect on orthoses market. Methods The meaning of orthoses was discriminated, the status of regulation was revealed, the generic names of orthoses was designed, and the effect of supervision on different body of orthoses market was analyzed. Results Difficulties are brought to the medical device regulation because of different meanings of orthoses in the fields of assistive devices and medical devices. Scientific classification and naming was the right way to solve the problem. Conclusion All the organizations on chains of orthoses are within the category of medical device supervision. Fit-ting organizations of orthoses should also accept regulation of China Food and Drug Administration, at the same time gaining qualification from China Ministry of Civil Affairs. The problem of personalized orthoses supervision needs to be solved properly.