Cerebrovascular disease, also known as a cerebral vascular accident, is named “stroke” in traditional Chinese medicine, there is close correlation between acute cerebrovascular disease and gastrointestinal system. In this paper, we discussed 3 parts about the relationship between the gastrointestinal system and brain. First, in the traditional Chinese medicine theory, there is close relationship between gastrointestinal system and brain from the physiological function and Meridian theory. Secondly, clinical practice indicated that heat phlegm fu-organ syndrome is the main syndrome of acute cerebrovascular disease. The main symptom of this syndrome is the constipation, which is an important part of the disease transition. Furthermore, in acute cerebrovascular disease, the brain-gut peptide esp. CCK and surface colonic electrical physiological changes are the material and electrophysiological basic on the relationship between gastrointestinal system and brain.

Objective To research the influence of tangerine peel and pinellia ternata on the expression of VCAM-1 and MMP-9 in carotid atherosclerosis rabbits, and explore its mechanism. Methods Totally 25 male rabbits were divided into control group, model group and Chinese medicine group. Control group was treated with basic diet, model group and Chinese medicine group were treated with both high-fat diet and carotid artery intima-air drying technique. Chinese medicine decoction group was treated with tangerine peel and pinellia ternata decoction, as 10, 8, 6 mL/kg, for 4 weeks. Then the right carotid was cut and fixed, and pathological changes were observed by HE staining. The expressions of VCAM-1 and MMP-9 were observed by immunol histochemistry SABC method. Results Compared with control group, the expression of VCAM-1 and MMP-9 in model group was significantly increased (P<0.01). And compared with model group, tangerine peel and pinellia ternata decoction significantly restrained VCAM-1 and MMP-9 expression (P<0.05). Conclusion Tangerine peel and pinellia ternata could restrained VCAM-1 and MMP-9 expression in carotid atherosclerosis rabbits, suggesting that its mechanism may be related with inhibiting vascular inflammatory reaction and stabilizing plaques.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the the expression of SOCS-1/3 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and interferon therapeutic response in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods 50 patients with chronic hepatitis B were given interferon therapy.After 24 weeks treatment,according to biochemical and virologic response,they were divided into two groups:response and non response group.HBV-DNA was detected by PCR.The SOCS-1/3 mRNA levels were measured by RT-PCR.Results The expression of SOCS-1 in the PBMCs of response group after 24 weeks treatment was significantly higher than that before interferon therapy (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of SOCS-3 in the PBMCs of response group after 24 weeks trentment was significantly lower than that before interferon therapy (P ＜ 0.05).In non response group,there were no significant differences in the expression of SOCS-1/3 (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The increase expression of SOCS-1 mRNA and the decrease of SOCS-3 mRNA in the PBMCs in chronic hepatitis B patients received 24 weeks interferon-therapy probably is relevant to the IFN-α antiviral effect.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Naokang Ⅱ in patients with vascular cognitive impairment of none dementia after cerebral infarction.Methods A total of 100 consecutive patients with vascular cognitive impairment of none dementia after cerebral infarction diagnosed at the Neurology Clinic,Beijing Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University from October 2012 to February 2014 were enrolled prospectively.Six of them did not complete a return visit because of not returning to the hospital in time,2 withdrew automatically,and finally,92 patients were enrolled in the study.According to the random number table method,they were divided into either an observation group (n=48) or a control group (n=44).The control group was treated with aniracetam,while the observation group was treated with aniracetam plus Naokang Ⅱ (Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata,Radix Rehmanniae Preparata,Radix Notoginseng,Acorus Calamus L.and Radix Polygalae) for 12 weeks.The differences of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome integral before and after treatment in both groups were compared.The effective rate and cognitive function improvement rate of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes before and after treatment in both groups were compared.Results The scores of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome integral before and after treatment in patients of the observation group were 28±5 and 15±4,respectively,those of the control group before and after treatment were 26±5 and 18±5,respectively.There were significant differences before and after treatment (the t values were 15.02 and 14.73,respectively,all P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups after treatment(t=-3.08,P>0.05).The total effective rate in the observation group (75.0% [36/48]) was higher than that in the control group (45.5% [20/44]).There was significant difference between two groups (χ2=7.023,P=0.008).The improvement rates of memory,orientation,judgment,and problem solving skills in the observation group (29.2% [14/48],27.1% [13/48],and 31.2% [15/48]) were higher than those in the control group (11.4% [5/44],9.1% [4/44],and 13.6% [6/44]).There were significant differences between the two groups (all P<0.05).No adverse reactions were observed in the two groups during the observation period.Conclusion Naokang Ⅱ combined with aniracetam for patients with vascular cognitive impairment of none dementia after cerebral infarction had a synergistic effect.

Objective:To investigate therapeutic mechanism of immunoglobulin Yolk (IgY) against tumour necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta ( IL-1β) in guinea pigs with allergic rhinitis.Methods: Hartley guinea pigs were randomly divided into the control group (group C,n=17),the allergic rhinitis model group (group M,n=27),the 0.1%anti-TNF-αand IL-1βIgY treating group (group Z1,n=21) and the fluticasone propionate treating group (group Z2,n=21).The allergic rhinitis model in guinea pigs was established using ovalbumin.After treatment for 2 h,4 h,8 h,nose and bronchial lung were lavaged using 0.9%saline, the nasal lavage fluid (NLF) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected,the precipitated cells were stained using Wright′s,the nasal mucosa and lung tissues were stained using methylene blue and eosin (HE),and TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-5 and IL-33 in nasal mucosa and lung tissues were stained using immunohistochemistry.Results:There were a large amount of eosinophils and more serious inflammation responses in nasal mucosa in the M group compared with the Z 1 and Z2 groups.In the lung tissues,there were more alveolar tube damage ,pulmonary interstitial edema ,interval thickening ,thickening of bronchial smooth muscle and inflammation cell in-filtration in the M group compared with the Z 1 and Z2 groups.The eosinophils ,lymphocytes and neutrophils were significantly decreased in NLF and BALF in the Z1 and Z2 groups compared with the M group (P<0.05).The expressions of IL-1βand TNF-αfrom 2 h to 8 h and IL-5 and IL-33 from 4 h to 8 h significantly decreased in the nasal mucosa and lung tissues in the Z 1 group compared with the M group ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion:The allergic rhinitis in guinea pigs accompany with the allergic asthma.The inhibitory capacity of anti-TNF-αand IL-1βIgY on pathological responses in guinea pigs with allergic rhinitis may be due to the significant decrease in the infiltration of eosinophils and the expressions of inflammatory cytokines in the nasal mucosas and lung tissues .

Objective To discuss related factors of perioperative pulmonary complications in infants with congenital heart disease and provide a scientific basis to improve the quality of intensive care in in-fants with congenital heart disease after surgery. Methods Tracking survey was carried out in 225 cases of infants with congenital heart disease in our city to observe the perioperative lung condition from March 2005 to May 2007. Every process that might occur pulmonary complications,such as preoperative care of children,anesthesia and cardiopulmonary bypass surgery (CPB) management and postoperative monitoring was closely observed. Statistical analysis was conducted according to emerging problems and summarized the relevant factors and nursing methods. Results 225 infant patients passed the operation with no seri-ous complications.Conclusions Effective treatment and nursing during every process of perioperation was the key factor to reduce pulmonary complications.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the serum chemokine IP-10 and RANTES levels and Interferon therapeutic early response in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).Methods 50 patients with chronic hepatitis B were chosen into interferon therapy.After 12 weeks,they were devided into three groups:complete response A、partial response B、non response C group.HBV-DNA was detected by PCR;The serum chemokines( IP-10 and RANTES) were measured by Luminex Liquichip technology.Results The base HBV DNA and RANTES levels of three groups weren't significantly different (P ＜0.05) ;The base ALT and IP-10 levels of A group were significantly higher than that in B and C group( P ＜ 0.05).The IP-10、RANTES contents of A group in therapeutic 4th week were significantly lower than that before interferon therapy(P ＜ 0.05 );There were no significant differences in B、C group (P ＞0.05) ;The levels changes of IP-10、RANTES、HBV DNA and ALT in therapeutic 12th week were significantly different between the three groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ),The level of ALT in 50 patients has positive correlation with IP-10 level (P ＜ 0.05) ;The level of HBV DNA in 50 patients had positive correlation with RANTES level( P ＜ 0.05 ) ;The base level of IP-10 had positive correlation with the change of HBV-DNA contents in therapeutic 12th week( P ＜0.05 ) ;The change of ALT level in reponse patients in therapeutic 12th week had positive correlation with the change of IP-10 、RANTES levels( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The decrease of IP-10,RANTES level in CHB patients received 12weeks interferon-α therapy could lead to reduce liver inflammation;The base IP-10 level probably was relevant to the early response in CHB patients received interferon-α therapy.

Objective To evaluate the practicability of using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tech-nology for inhibition of hepatitis B virus ( HBV) replication. Methods Two sgRNA targeting sites were de-signed for the S region of HBV genome. The CRISPR/Cas9 expression plasmids specific for HBV were con-structed and then transfected into a cell line expressing HBV genome(HepG2-N10). The cytotoxicity of cells transfected with different expression plasmids were detected by MTT assay. The levels of hepatitis B surface antigen ( HBsAg ) were determined by using chemiluminescent immunoassay ( CLIA ) . The expression of HBV at mRNA level was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR ( qRT-PCR) . The qPCR was performed for the detection of extracellular and intracellular HBV DNA. The next-generation sequencing ( NGS) Illumina MiSeq Platform was used to analyze HBV genome editing. Results No significant cytotoxic effects were de-tected in HepG2-N10 cells transfected with different expression plasmids. Compared with the cells carrying pCas-Guide-GFP-Scramble, the levels of HBsAg in the supernatants of transfected cell culture harboring pCas-Guide-GFP-G1 and pCas-Guide-GFP-G2 were decreased by 24. 2% (P<0. 05) and 16. 9% (P>0. 05), respectively. The levels of HBsAg in cells transfected with pCas-Guide-GFP-G1 and pCas-Guide-GFP-G2 were respectively decreased by 16. 4% (P>0. 05) and 32. 1% (P>0. 05) as compared with that of pCas-Guide-GFP-Scramble transfected group. The expression of HBV at mRNA level was inhibited as indica-ted by the results of qRT-PCR. Moreover, the levels of extracellular HBV DNA were respectively suppressed by 23% (P>0. 05) and 35% (P<0. 05), and the levels of intracellular HBV DNA were respectively sup-pressed by 7. 2% (P>0. 05) and 18% (P>0. 05). Different types of insertion/deletion mutation were de-tected in HBV genome by high-throughput sequencing. Conclusion HBV-specific CRISPR/Cas9 system could inhibit the expression of HBV gene and the replication of virus. Therefore, the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology might be used as a potential tool for the treatment of persistent HBV infection.

Objective To investigate the expression of serum angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2 ) and its clinical significance in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).Methods The levels of serum Ang-2,N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)were detected in 1 1 3 patients with CHF,who were divided into four groups according to New York Heart Association (NYHA:class Ⅰ,n=3 2;Ⅱ,n=30;Ⅲ,n=26;Ⅳ,n=25).Another 20 healthy volunteers for physical check-up were chosen as the control group.Results With the change of cardiac function (from Ⅰ to Ⅳ),the levels of plasma Ang-2 and NT-proBNP were increased significantly (P<0.05 ).The level of serum Ang-2 was positively correlated with NT-proBNP (r=0.774,P<0.001),but negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (r=-0.725,P<0.001).Conclusion The level of serum Ang-2 has a significant correlation with the severity of heart failure.Ang-2 is expected to be used to predict and evaluate the severity of CHF.

Objective:To investigate the effect of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation on the quality of life and lifestyle changes in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:A total of 135 patients with coronary heart disease who received exercise rehabilitation in the Cardiac Rehabilitation Center of Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were enrolled in the study. Among them, 63 cases seldom attended (≤12 sessions, low-attending group), 37 cases less frequently attended (13-24 sessions, medium-attending group) and 35 cases attended frequently (≥25 sessions, high-attending group). The clinical data, cardiac rehabilitation, Seattle Angina Scale (SAQ) score and SF-36 quality of life score before and after rehabilitation, and lifestyle changes such as out-of-hospital exercise were documented and compared among the three groups.Results:Compared with baseline, the 5-dimensional scores of SAQ and the 9-dimensional scores of SF-36 (except for role-emotional and health change) were not significantly improved after cardiac rehabilitation in low-attending group ( P>0.05), while the angina stability, angina frequency, treatment satisfaction of SAQ, and bodily pain, health change of SF-36 in medium-attending group were improved ( P<0.05), and both SAQ and SF-36 in high-attending group were increased ( P<0.05). After cardiac rehabilitation, the SAQ and SF-36 scores of patients in high-attending group were significantly higher than those of patients in low-attending group ( P<0.05). The lifestyle was changed in 77.14%(27/35)patients of high-attending group, which was higher and that of low-attending group(38.10%, 24/63) (χ 2=13.74, P<0.001). Conclusion:The outpatient exercise rehabilitation can improve the quality of life and change lifestyle of patients with coronary heart disease; and the effect of rehabilitation is associated with the attending frequency.