Objective To study the chemical constituents in the edible part of Pistacia chinensis Methods The alcohol extract was isolated by silica gel, RP-18 and Sephadex LH-20, and the compound structures were identified by physicochemical methods and spectroscopic analyses. Results Sixteen compounds were isolated from EtOAc extract of the edible part of P. chinensis Their structures were identified as ?-sitosterol (Ⅰ), 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (Ⅱ), ethyl gallate (Ⅲ), alnusidiol (Ⅳ), amentoflavone (Ⅴ), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (Ⅵ), protocatechuic acid (Ⅶ), gallic acid (Ⅷ), quercetin-3-O-?-D-xylopyranoside (Ⅸ), rutin (Ⅹ), daucostenol (Ⅺ), quercetin-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (ⅩⅡ), quercetin (ⅩⅢ), kaempferol-3, 7-O-?-L-dirhamnoside (ⅩⅣ), naringenin (ⅩⅤ), and 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (ⅩⅥ). Conclusion Compounds, except Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅷ, ⅩⅡ, and ⅩⅢ, are isolated from this plant for the first time.

A new compound and twelve known compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the roots of Homonoia riparia Lour, which are used in folk medicine for treatment of hepatitis, bellyache and scald, by the method of silica gel column chromatography repeatedly with a gradient of PE-EtOAc, PE-Me2CO, CHCl3-Me2CO, CHCl3-MeOH. Their structures were identified as a new compound 1-oxo-aleuritolic acid (1), and twelve known compounds aleuritolic acid (2), 3-acetoxy-aleuritolic acid (3), taraxerone (4), taraxerol (5), methyl 3-acetoxy-12-oleanen-28-oate (6), 3-acetoxy-12-oleanen-28-ol (7), ursolic acid (8), lupenol (9), 3β-acetoxy-lupenol (10), cleomiscosin A (11), chrysophanol (12), and gallic acid (13), which were obtained from this plant for the first time, by the spectroscopic techniques of NMR, HMBC, IR and MS, separately. Among the cytotoxicities evaluation of compounds 1-3 towards AGZY 83-a (human lung cancer cells) and SMMC-7721 (human liver cancer cells) tumor cells was assayed by MTT methods with cis-dichlorodiamminoplatinum (DDP) used as positive control. Compound 2 exerted weak activity against AGZY 83-a with the IC50 value of 33.055 μg·mL-1, while 1 and 3 showed no activity to these two cell lines.