Objective To discuss the clinical value of D-dimer(DD) testing in diagnosis of patients with deep vein thrombosis(DVT) of the lower extremity.Methods An analysis retrospectively was made on the changes of DD testing in 106 cases of DVT at different periods after onset and different clinical stages of DVT,and DD testing in 99 patients with primary deep venous insufficiency(PDVI) as control group.(Results) DD was higher in the acute stage of DVT,and gradually decreased with time in chronic DVT,and was negative in the patients with PDVI;the positive rate was up to 85.7% in the distal DVT.Conclusions The DD testing can be used as one of the methods for diagnosis,prediction and prognosis of acute DVT,especially for diagnosis of distal DVT.

Objective: To study the effect of berberine (BR) on ventricular remodeling in experimental rats with myocardial infarction (MI) and its mechanisms.
Methods: The MI model of experimental rats was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and the MI animals were randomly divided into 3 groups: MI+BR group, in which the rats received BR 20 mg/kg.d, Sham group and MI group, the rats in those 2 groups received the same volume of normal saline. All animals were treated for 8 weeks. The cardiac function and structure were assessed by echocardiography, cardiac interstitial collagen deposition was evaluated by Masson stain, the myocardial cell apoptosis was detected by Tunel method, and the activation of nuclear factor (NF-κB) was also examined.
Results: For echocardiography, MI group had enlarged left ventricular end diastolic diameter (7.28 ± 0.29) mm than Sham group (6.86 ± 0.36) mm,P<0.05, but it decreased in MI+BR group (6.89 ± 0.99) mm,P>0.05. MI group had increased left ventricular end systolic diameter (5.88 ± 0.33) mm than Sham group (4.61 ± 0.31) mm, but it decreased in MI+BR group (4.68 ± 1.17) mm, allP< 0.01. MI group showed increased left ventricular posterior wall compensatory hypertrophy (1.81 ± 0.85) mm than Sham group (1.67 ± 0.16 mm),P<0.05, while in MI+BR group, it was deereased to (1.65 ± 0.14) mm. MI group presented decreased LVEF (45.77 ± 3.17) % than Sham group (67.28 ± 4.15) %, but it increased in MI+BR group (64.64 ± 5.82) %, allP<0.01. For Masson stain, cardiac interstitial collagen deposition in MI group (11.39 ± 0.45) % was higher than Sham group (2.65 ± 0.45) %, but less in MI+BR group (7.00 ± 0.87) %, allP<0.01. For Tunel examination, the myocardial cell apoptosis index was increased in MI group (21.31 ± 2.34) than Sham group (0.99 ± 0.38), but decreased in MI+BR group (14.15 ± 1.62), allP<0.01. For NF-κB activation study, the nuclear protein p65 content was higher in MI group (0.14 ± 0.02) ng/ml than Sham group (0.06 ± 0.01) ng/ml, but lower in MI+BR group (0.10 ± 0.02) ng/ml, allP<0.01.
Conclusion: Application of BR may improve the ventricular remodeling and cardiac function in experimental MI rats, it might be because of BR partially inhibit NF-κB activation, reduce collagen deposition and help anti-apoptosis in myocardial cells.

Objective To study the effect of ribozyme mediated inhibition on telomerase activity and cell(proliferation) of GBC-SD cells.Methods According to the hTR template two wings region sequence,the hammerhead ribozyme gene sequence was synthesized in vitro.Then,it was engineered into the eukaryon(expression) vector pTriEx-4.Lipofectamine was used to transfect the carcinoma of gallbladder.The inhibition of telomerase activity and cell proliferation in GBC-SD cell was observed,and compared with control group.(Results) Compared to control group,ribozyme can significantly inhibit telomerase activity and cell proliferation of GBC-SD cell.After ribozyme action,the cell ratio of G_0/G_1 markedly increased,and the cell ratio of S phase markedly decreased.Cellular cleavage and proliferation was markedly inhibited.The apoptosis rate was 17.10% and 31.01% on day10 and day13 after ribozyme action.Conclusions Ribozyme can inhibit(telomerase) activity of GBC-SD cells effectively and induce cell apoptosis.

To observe the effects of dexamethasone (DXM) on changes of syndrome and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis of asthmatic rats at different stages of intervention (before withdrawal, during withdrawal and after withdrawal).

Objective: To observe the expression changes of Notch and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways in rat myocardium post myocardial infarction. Methods: Myocardial infarction was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery(MI group), sham rats (similar surgical procedure without coronary artery ligation) served as control, the rats were sacrificed at first week, 4th and 8th week after operation, the non-infarct myocardial tissue in both groups was obtained to detect the mRNA expression of Notch1, Dll4 and Hes1 by RT-PCR, the protein expression of NICD1 was detected by Western blot, the nuclear protein p65 content was detected to reflect the activation degree of NF-κB signaling in the cardiomyocytes. Results: The myocardial mRNA expression of Notch1 in MI group was significantly higher than in control group (1.68±0.35 vs. 0.47±0.12, P<0.05) at first week, and tended to be higher at the 4th week and 8th week (P>0.05). The mRNA expression of Dll4 and Hes1 was similar between the two groups at the three time points. NICD1 protein level was increased at the first week in MI group as compared with control group (1.31±0.33 vs.0.45±0.11, P<0.05), which tended also to be higher at the 4th week and 8th week post operation (P>0.05). For NF-κB activation study, the nuclear protein p65 content was higher at first week, 4th week and 8th week in MI group as compared with respective control groups (0.286±0.052 vs.0.049±0.016 (P<0.01), 0.247±0.056 vs. 0.043±0.018 (P<0.01), 0.120±0.033 vs. 0.044±0.009 (P<0.05)), the most significant increase was found in the first week. Conclusions Notch and NF-κB signaling pathways are actively involved in the process of ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. Notch1 and NF-κB signaling pathways are both activated at the first week after myocardial infarction, NF-κB signaling pathway activation after myocardial infarction continues up to 8 weeks. These two signal transduction pathways may thus serve as new targets for future intervention studies to prevent heart failure.

Objective To investigate the changes in distribution of Oncomelania hupensis snails in forestlands in Songjiang District, Shanghai Municipality from 2009 to 2023, so as to provide insights into formulation of O. hupensis snail surveillance programs. Methods The reports on O. hupensis snail surveillance in Songjiang District, Shanghai Municipality from 2009 to 2023 were collected, and the snail surveillance data in forestlands were extracted. The trends in the proportion of areas with snails in forestlands in total areas with snails, occurrence of frames with living snails and density of living snails were evaluated using a Joinpoint regression model in Songjiang District from 2009 to 2023, and the annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC). Results A total of 40 sites with snails were found in forestlands in 14 administrative villages of 4 townships, Songjiang District, Shanghai Municipality from 2009 to 2023. A total of 39 065 frames were surveyed for snails in settings covering an area of 609 600 m², and there were 6 084 frames with snails, covering 151 250 m² snail habitats. A total of 22 210 snails were captured, with the highest density of 260.00 snails/0.1 m², and 6 262 snails were dissected, with no Schistosoma japonicum infection identified in snails. The proportion of areas with snails in forestlands in total areas with snails appeared a tendency towards a rise in forestlands in Songjiang District, Shanghai Municipality from 2009 to 2023 (APC = AAPC = 24.9%, P > 0.05); however, there were no turning points in the trend curve, with the highest proportion seen in 2009 (53.81%), the lowest in 2011 and 2023 (both 0) and a mean proportion of 24.81%. The occurrence of frames with living snails appeared a tendency towards a rise from 2009 to 2023 (APC = AAPC = 41.5%, P > 0.05); however, there were no turning points in the trend curve, with the highest occurrence in 2009 (53.81%), the lowest in 2011 and 2013 (both 0), and the mean occurrence of 15.57%. In addition, the density of living snails appeared a tendency towards a rise from 2009 to 2023 (APC = AAPC = 55.0%, P > 0.05); however, there were no turning points in the trend curve, with the highest density in 2023 (0.96 snails/0.1 m²), the lowest in 2011 and 2013 (both 0), and a mean density of 0.57 snails/0.1 m². Conclusions The difficulty in O. hupensis snail control and risk of imported snails appeared a tendency towards a rise in forestlands in Songjiang District, Shanghai Municipality over years from 2009 to 2023. Supervision and assessment prior to seedling transplantation and intensified surveillance post-transplantation are recommended to reduce the risk of O. hupensis snail importation and spread.

ObjectiveTo analyze the monitoring results and trends of Oncomelania in Songjiang District of Shanghai from 2007 to 2023， and to provide reference for future monitoring work. MethodsThe data of snail monitoring in Songjiang District from 2007 to 2023 were collected， including the location of snail spots， the number of survey frames， the area with snails， the number of frames with snails， the total number of snails， etc. The density of living snails and the occurrence rate of living snail frames were calculated. ResultsFrom 2007 to 2023， a total of 158 snail spots were found in 22 administrative villages in 4 towns in Songjiang District， including 131 emerging snail habitats （82.91%） and 27 reemerging snail habitats （17.09%）. The total snail area was 175 980 m²， the number of snail frames was 10 061， and 33 302 snails were captured. The highest density was 260/0.11 m²， and 15 662 snails were dissected. No positive snails were found. The average density of living snails was 0.60/0.11 m² and the average occurrence rate of living snail frames was 17.99%. The snail areas in different areas were Yexie Town 126 000 m² （71.60%）， Maogang Town 26 470 m² （15.04%）， Xinbang Town 17 040 m² （9.68%）， and Shihudang Town 6 470 m² （3.68%）. The average density of living snails in different areas was 0.89/0.11 m² in Yexie Town， 0.65/0.11 m² in Maogang Town， 0.26/0.11 m² in Shihudang Town and 0.24/0.11 m² in Xinbang Town. The snail areas of different snail habitats were as follows： woodland 151 250 m²（85.95%）， river 13 810 m²（7.85%）， ditch 6 910 m²（3.93%）， farmland 4 010 m²（2.28%）. The average density of living snails in different snail habitats： ditch 1.01/0.11 m²， beach 0.86/0.11 m²， woodland 0.57/0.11 m²， river 0.40/0.11 m². The occurrence rate of living snail frames in different regions and different snail environment types showed a downward trend and the difference was statistically significant. ConclusionAlthough the snail monitoring indicators such as snail area， average living snail density and average living snail frame occurrence rate in Songjiang District are still at its historically low level， the average living snail density and average living snail frame occurrence rate are still high compared with other regions or the national average. We should focus on the upper reaches and tributaries of the Huangpu River， especially the key areas of seedling transplantation， and strengthen monitoring and supervision to reduce the risk of snail input.