Objective To evaluate the typical multidrug resistance in colorectal cancer chemotherapy with drugs including 5-Fu,MMC and cisplatin. Methods The expression of mdrl gene and GP170 in thirty colorectal cancer specimens were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.At the same time,the sensitivity of the cancer cells to six common chemotheraputic drugs were also detected by MTT colorimetric assay. Results In thirty colorectal cancer specimens,the expression of mdr_1 gene(63.3%) and GP170 (73.3%) were not different,and was concordant with the results of ADM cytotoxicity assay (P

Nowadays,patients more and more realize protecting their personal rights in hospitals.Clinic probation teaching of obstetrics and gynecology is facing the difficulty of teaching cases selecting caused by uncooperation of the patients.Establishing good relationship with the patients,improving teaching method and teaching in different ways will be helpful to accomplish the clinic probation teaching.

Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; chemistry ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans

Objective:With a scrutiny of the gastroscope aspects of hepatogenic ulcer (HU),this sutdy was to find out the relationship between HU and hepatocelluar damage and portal hypertension.Methods:262 cases of portal hyprtension of cirrhosis were reviewed with HU being grouped according to the clinical gravity of cirrhosis and the gravity of esophageal varies (EV).Results:①Duodenal ulcer prevails under endoscopy.Superficial ulceration accounted for 70.49% while ulceration less than 0.5cm in full diameter made up 55.74%.The figure was 62.3% with erosive gastritis.②Out of a total of 262,61(23.28%) cases of HU were found in connection with portal hypertension.The χ2 test showed that HU was related with hepatocellular grade and the gravity of EV (P＜0.05).Conclusions:The incidence of HU were higher than normal.indicating that the onset of HU responded positively to the clinical intensity of cirrhosis and the gravity of EV.

In order to improve the teaching effect ,we tried to use problem-based learning(PBL)in combination with traditional teaching method to teach medical students in clinical probation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. The results showed that PBL in combination with traditional teaching method was possible and effective. PBL was helpful to cultivating the clinical consciousness and comprehensive diathesis of medical students.

The basic course of medical specialty is an important part of medical education. There are few studies on effective teaching of basic courses of medical specialty. Based on the course of Pharmacology, this paper discusses the connotation, influencing factors and strategies of effective teaching of basic courses of medical specialty. The factors influencing the effective teaching of basic courses of medical specialty are multiple, that mainly includes four dimensions: students, teachers, course resources and teaching environment. Strategies to improve teaching effect include strengthening the idea of education, positioning goals hierarchically, optimizing curriculum structure, and innovating education platform.

Applying the effective teaching theory to the small-class teaching of pharmacology can improve the flexibility of small-class teaching mode under the guidance of the concept of effective teaching and high efficiency. The course chapters were randomly selected for traditional teaching mode or small-class teaching mode based on effective teaching theory in the same class. Practice has proved that the small-class teaching based on AO-AMFM can enhance student analysis and make careful smart objective and teaching frame work before class, and can also reach prompt activation, multi-learning, effective feedback and multi-summary, which can significantly improve students' learning enthusiasm and learning efficiency.

Purpose:To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of imatinib mesylate (STI571) in the treatment of unresectable and/or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).Methods:Ten patients with unresectable and/or metastatic GIST received imatinib at doses of 400 mg qd.Results:Among 9 evaluable patients, 4 achieved a partial response and 4 had stable disease. Ten patients were evaluable for toxicities. The nonhaematological toxicities included edema (mainly periorbital edema), abdominal pain, diarrhoea, nausea/vomiting, fatigue, intratumoural bleeding, intermittent muscle cramps and conjunctivitis. Myelosuppression was an infrequent side effect.Conclusions:Imatinib mesylate is an inhibitor of tyrosine kinase and has been proven to be active in patients with unresectable or metastatic GIST. Toxicity is acceptable.

Objective To evaluate the effects of TAT-heme oxygenase-1 (TAT-HO-1) fusion protein on liver injury in rats undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).Methods Adult male Lewis (inbred) rats (aged 8-10 weeks,weighing 180-230 g) were used as donors and Brown Norway rats (aged 8-10 weeks,weighing 180-230 g) as recipients.The recipient rats were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=6 each) using a random number table:OLT group and TAT-HO-1 group.The livers were harvested according to the method described by Kamada.In OLT group,the donor livers were flushed and preserved with 4 ℃ HTK solution,while the livers were flushed and preserved for 6 h with 4 ℃ HTK solution containing TAT-HO-1 50 μg/ml in group P.Blood samples were obtained at 7 days after transplantation for measurement of activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in serum.Hepatic specimens were obtained at 7 days after transplantation and stained with haematoxylin and eosin for examination under light microscope.Rejection activity index was calculated according to Banff criteria.The contents of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and interleukin-6 in liver tissues were determined using ELISA.Kupffer cells were isolated and cultured for 48 h to determine the levels of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and interleukin-6 in culture medium.Results Activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in serum,rejection activity index and levels of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and interleukin-6 in liver tissues and culture medium of Kupffer cells were significantly decreased,and the pathological changes of livers were mitigated in group TAT-HO-1 as compared to group OLT.Conclusion TAT-HO-1 fusion protein applied during cold storage of donor livers can attenuate liver injury in rats undergoing OLT.

CYP2D6 is one of the cytochrome P450 isozymes which are involved in the metabolism of various drugs with wide use. Polymorphism at the CYP2D6 locus is one of the most widely known causes for pharmacogenetic variability in humans beings. This review focuses on the importance of CYP2D6 polymorphism in the metabolism of tamoxifen, relationships between the genetic polymorphism and prognosis of patients who have underwent endocrine therapy, and evidences indicating that CYP2D6 may be used as a predictive marker for choosing optimal endocrine therapy for patients with breast cancer.