AIM: To establish the two-hit rat model with hemorrhage and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and to study the effect of panaxadiol saponins(PDS) against acute lung injury.METHODS: Forty Wistar rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: sham operational group(S);two-hit groups with hemorrhagic shock-LPS(HL);dexamethasone pretreatment group(HLD) and PDS pretreatment group(HLP).The mean arterial blood pressure(MABP) was monitored dynamically by 4-channel physiological meter RM-6000,and pathological alteration of lung tissues was also observed.The levels of various serum enzymes,TNF-? and IL-6 were detected.RESULTS: MABP decreased in two-hit rat model with hemorrhage-LPS.The serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,lactate dehydrogenase,creatine kinase,TNF-? and IL-6 increased significantly.Severe inflammatory change of pulmonary interstitium in HL group was also observed.CONCLUSION: Endotoxin injection following hemorrhage can be used to establish the animal model of acute lung injury.Similar with dexamethasone,PDS prevents lung tissue from seriously damage through increasing MABP and decreasing the level of serum enzymes,TNF-? and IL-6 levels.

ObjectiveTo verify the relation between the infection of Hp strains with cag A gene and the occurrence of gastric cancer.MethodsThis study included 36 chronic superficial gastritis samples and 30 gastric cancer samples. Diagnosis was made by the endoscopic biopsy, laparotomy, and pathology. Cag A gene was determined by PCR technique.ResultsTotal cag A gene positive rate in chronic superficial gastritis group was 33%,and 80% in gastric cancer group ( P

Nowadays,patients more and more realize protecting their personal rights in hospitals.Clinic probation teaching of obstetrics and gynecology is facing the difficulty of teaching cases selecting caused by uncooperation of the patients.Establishing good relationship with the patients,improving teaching method and teaching in different ways will be helpful to accomplish the clinic probation teaching.

Objective To assess the significance of elevated serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in predicting 30-day mortality rate for patients in intensive care unit (ICU).Methods A retrospective study was conducted.The clinical data of 480 patients admitted to ICU in Tianjin First Center Hospital from June 2012 to October 2013 were studied.The characteristics of patients were recorded,the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE I) score was calculated,and the routine blood tests,blood biochemistry,and serum NT-proBNP level within 24 hours after admission were determined.Patients were divided into non-survival and survival groups according to 30-day outcome,and the characteristics and clinical parameters were compared between two groups,and single factor analysis affecting prognosis was analyzed.All patients were divided into four groups according to four percentile method as NT-proBNP＜280 ng/L (group Q1),280 ng/L≤NT-proBNP＜ 1 200 ng/L (group Q2),1 200 ng/L≤NT-proBNP＜1 990 ng/L (group Q3),1 990 ng/L≤NT-proBNP＜4 700 ng/L (group Q4).A Cox regression analysis was used to test the independence of the predictors.A receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was plotted to compare the power of APACHE Ⅱ score and NT-proBNP in predicting the outcome.Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess survival rate among different NT-proBNP patients.Results By single factor analysis it was shown that age,APACHE Ⅱ score,creatinine,NT-proBNP and severe infection were those influencing the outcome.NT-proBNP 1 200-4 700 ng/L (groups Q3 and Q4) and APACHE Ⅱ score ＞20 were independent risk factors for predicting outcome [relative risk (RR) for group Q3 was 3.624,95％ credibility interval (95％CI) was 1.258-10.138; RR for group Q4 was 5.059,95％ CI was 3.202-9.993; RR for APACHE Ⅱ score ＞20 was 2.987,95％ CI was 1.345-5.823].The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for APACHE Ⅱ score and serum NT-proBNP was similar,and it was 0.831 (95％CI 0.778-0.884) and 0.876 (95％CI 0.827-0.925),respectively.The cut-off value of NT-proBNP for predicting mortality was 1 250 ng/L.Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that groups of Q2,Q3 and Q4 had lower cumulative survival rate compared with group Q1 (26.5％,25.4％,16.2％ vs.29.6％),and group Q4 showed most significant extent of lowering of survival rate (x2=122.920,P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Elevated NT-proBNP level in ICU patients signify severity of the disease,and it is an independent predictor of death of ICU patients.

AIM: Aquaporin 3 ( AQP3 ) water channel expressed in the kidney plays a critical role in the urine concentrating mechanism. Mice with AQP3 deletion show a urinary concentrating defect. To better characterize this defect, we studied the influence and mechanism of an acute urea load in conscious AQP3 - null and wild - type mice. METHODS:Urine was collected and assayed every 2 h, from 2 h before (baseline) to 8 h after the urea load. Urine volume, urine osmolality and urea concentration were measured. RNA was isolated from the whole kidney and real - time PCR was carried out using a LightCycler. Total protein of UTs was assayed from kidney tissue by Western blotting. RESULTS: Mice of both genotypes excreted the urea loaded in ～ 4 h with the same time course. Despite their low baseline, the AQP3 - null mice raised their urine osmolality and urea concentration progressively after the urea load to the values almost equal to those in wild - type mice at 8 h. In contrast, urine non - urea solute concentration did not change. Urine volume fell in the last 4 h to about one - fourth of basal values. The urea load strongly upregulated urea transporter UT - A3 expression in both genotype mice. CONCLUSION: These observations show that lack of AQP3 does not interfere with the ability of the kidney to concentrate urea but impairs its ability to concentrate other solutes. This solute - selective response results from the capacity of AQP3 to transport not only water but also urea, suggesting a novel role for AQP3 in non - urea solute concentration in the urine.

Objective To investigate the role of the mass screening by comparing the pathological features of prostate cancer between mass screening patients and clinical patients.Methods 107 cases of prostate cancer(including 51 patients from clinical diagnosis and 56 patients from mass screening) and 7 cases of prostate intraepithelial neoplasia(PIN,from mass screening) were analyzed using the Gleason’s grade system.Results ① Gleason’s grade of prostate cancer in mass screening group was lower than that in clinical diagnosis group(?2 =48.22,P

AIM:Aquaporins (AQP) are very important for the water transport across cell membrane. There are at least 10 mammalian AQPs( aquaporins 0-9) distributed in various organs and different kinds of cells. Each AQP has a distinct organ distribution, and this distribution could be useful in presuming the biological function of the aquaporin. The aim of this study was to figure out the distribution of aquaporin 7 (AQP7) and aquaporin 8(AQP8).METHODS：Semi-quantified RT-PCR was employed in this research. The ratio of OD value of target gene products divided by which of control gene products was calculated. Among 35 organs, testis, epididymis, skin, muscle, rectum, lung, bronchus, lymph node, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, spleen, mammary gland, uterus, placenta, tonsil, urinary bladder, thyroid came from normal area of removed samples during operation. cDNA library of Prostate, thymus, salivary gland, penis, carotiol artery, adrenal gland, occipital lobe of brain, temporal lobe of brain, frontal lobe of brain, parietal lobe of brain, mid brain, choroid plexus are purchased from OriGene biotechnique company.RESULTS：①AQP 7 mRNA was found in testis, muscle, gall bladder, carotiol artery, lymph node and adrenal gland, and maximum expression of AQP 7 was in testis.②AQP 8 mRNA was found in pancreas, testis, skin and colon. and maximum expression of AQP 8 was in pancreas.CONCLUSION:Coexistence of AQP 7 and 8 in testis was confirmed, which suggested that both of these two aquaporins were involved in the regulation of testis function.

AIM: Aquaporins(AQP) are very important for the water transport across cell membrane. Aquaporin 7(AQP 7) and aquaporin 8(AQP8) expressed in the rat testis, but the biophysical functions of these two aquporins in testis and the regulatory mechanism of their expression remain unclear. The aim of this study was to find out if the expression of these two aquporins was correlative with the function of testis, and if panaxadiol saponins (PDS) affected their expression. METHODS: 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks old rats were divided into saline and PDS injection groups. Semi-quantified RT-PCR method was employed to detect aquaporin 7 and 8 gene expression: using total RNA extracted from rat testis as PCR template, then using optical scanner to measure the OD value of bands on agrose electrophoresis. OD value of target gene products was divided by which of contol gene. The ratio was identified as the quantity of target gene expression. Western blot was also employed to detect expression of these two proteins in the testis. RESULTS: ①OD value of AQP 7 mRNA products in testis of 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks rats were 48 227, 51 536, 59 567 respectively and the ratio divided by OD value of control gene was 0.82, 0.85, 0.99; OD value of AQP 8 mRNA products in testis of 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks rats were 23 092, 39 302, 43 316 respectively, the ratio divided by OD value of control gene was 0.39, 0.65, 0.72. Thus, AQP 7 and 8 mRNA expression increased with age. ②After PDS injection for 2 weeks. AQP 7 and 8 mRNA expression in 4 weeks old rats increased to 0.97 and 0. 72,which in control group were 0. 82 and 0. 39; the ratio decreased to 0.77 and 0.55 in 8 weeks old rats, which in control group were 0.85 and 0.65. There was no PCR product of neither aquaporins in 12 weeks old PDS injected rats, except products of control gene. ③ Western blot of AQP 7 and 8 protein showed little difference between PDS and saline injected 12 weeks old rats. CONCLUSION: ①Quantity of AQP 7 and AQP 8 expression was related to testis function of rats. ②PDS influenced the expression of AQP 7 and AQP 8 mRNA, perhaps by promoting the secretion of LH in pituitary.

Objective To assess the effect of simvastatin on secretion of VEGF in blood serum and sputum of elderly chronic ob-structive pulmonary disease(COPD)combined with PAH patients and the pulmonary function.Methods Seventy cases of elderly COPD patients combined with PAH patients were randomized in two groups,namely the normal treatment group and combined sim-vastatin group (35 cases in each group),then compare the changes of the VEGF in blood serum,sputum and lung function.Results VEGF in blood serum and sputum showed significant changes after therapies of simvastatin (P <0.05).After 4 weeks′therapy, the FEV1% pre and FEV1/FVC increased significantly (P <0.05).Conclusion Normal treatment combine with simvastatin could decrease VEGF in blood serum and sputum of elderly COPD combined with PAH patients,meanwhile improve pulmonary function.