The kidneys removed from six female adult dogs were injected through the renal artery with ABS at a constant pressure between 33.3—33.7 kPa(250—280mmHg). Small specimens cut out from the kindneys were digested in 3％ trypsin solution for 48 hours and then eroded in 50％ HCl. The cast specimens were studied under the scanning electron microscope. The results were outlined as follows: 1. The corrosion-cast models of the renal glomerulus of the dogs observed under the SEM could be divided into three kinds: the spherical glomerulus, the chrysanthemum-like glomerulus and mixed glomerulus. 2. In general, the afferent and efferent arteriolae entered or exited at the hilum of glomerulus. Rarely, the efferent vessel left the glomerulus at the opposite side of the hilum. Anastomoses between the afferent and efferent or between the efferents vessels were found in our casts. 3. The capillary network of the juxtaglomerular apparatus was observed at the hilum of glomerulus in our casts. The diameters of the meshes of the capillary network were smaller than that of the vessels themselves.

A regions on the inner surface. This paper also discussed the relationship between nutrient foramen and the blood supply of the ilium.

Objective To determine the content of octopamine,a kind of ?3-adrenergic receptor agonists in edible part of various fresh water and seawater aquatic products,and provide data for exploitation and utilization of octopamine in aquatic products.Methods After homogenate and ultrasound treatment,edible parts of fish,shellfish and cephalopodium were centrifugalized,then octopamine content in supernatant liquid was detected with HPLC.Results In eight kinds of fresh water fish,the octopamine contents of dorsal meat were generally higher than abdominal meat,which were in the range of 30~130?g?g-1 and roughly similar to seawater fish and freshwater shellfish.The octopamine contents in seawater shellfish were particularly high,almost dozens even thousands times of those in fish and freshwater shellfish.Cephalopodium also had a high content of octopamine while it was not detected in ocean algae.Conclusion Seawater mollusks are the most affluent resource of octopamine in aquatic products and ideal food of weight-watchers and diabetics.

Objective To assess the value of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in evaluating the response of unresectable liver cancer to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods A total of 55 unresectable liver cancer patients with 90 lesions who received TACE at the First People’s Hospital of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture between July 2021 and July 2023 were enrolled in the study. The response to TACE was evaluated using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors one month post-treatment. The value of lesion diameter, volume, and density on CBCT images in predicting the response to TACE was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results Of the 55 patients treated with TACE, 26 achieved complete response, 17 achieved partial response, 9 showed stable disease, and 3 had progressive disease. Of the 90 lesions, 48 achieved complete response, 20 achieved partial response, 17 showed stable disease, and 5 had progressive disease. On CBCT images, the mean diameter, volume, and density of lesions with complete and non-complete responses were (20.9 ± 9.9) mm, (1719.3 ± 777.9) mm³, and (143.7 ± 87.9) HU, versus (10.9 ± 7.7) mm, (890.0 ± 327.4) mm³, and (38.8 ± 33.3) HU, respectively, with significant differences between the two groups (t=10.6, 79.8, and 65.5; all P < 0.01). One month post-treatment, CT scans displayed no enhanced areas in lesions with complete response and visible enhanced areas in lesions with non-complete response, with mean lesion diameter and density of (14.1 ± 6.2) mm and (78.8 ± 30.3) HU, respectively. In addition, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of lesion diameter, volume, and density on CBCT images were 0.935, 0.955, and 0.981, respectively, in distinguishing between complete and non-complete responses following TACE. Using a cut-off value of 82.5 HU for predicting response to TACE, the lesion density had sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 95.5%, 100.0%, 100.0%, and 95.0%, respectively. Conclusion CBCT is effective in predicting the short-term response of liver cancer to TACE.

【Objective】 To investigate the correlation between heart rate variability (HRV) and the degree of nervousness before blood donation. 【Methods】 The psychological state of 253 blood donors before blood donation was assessed by the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and the degree of nervousness and their HRV were measured. The correlation between the SAS score, the degree of nervousness and the HRV parameters was analyzed, and the differences were compared among different types of donors by multivariate linear regression. 【Results】 A total of 247 blood donors were included in the study. Five HRV parameters in blood donors aged 18-24 were higher than in those aged 25 years and above(all P<0.05), and the anxiety level was higher in female donors(SAS score 41-46) than in males(SAS score 35-43)(P<0.001); the pre-donation SAS score was consistent with the assessment of the tension level (r=0.970, P<0.001); the pre-donation tension level and the SAS score were all significantly negatively correlated with VLF in HRV parameters(r=0.179, P=0.005), and the associations were independent of confounders such as age, body mass index and gender (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Compared with SAS and tension assessment, HRV is more objective, and can be used as one of the tests for assessing the tension level of blood donors. The inclusion of HRV in the routine screening of blood donors deserves further study for its application in assessing the anxiety level of blood donors before blood donation, identifying people prone to blood donation-related vasovagal reaction (DRVR), preventing and reducing the risk of DRVR, and improving the safety of blood donation.

OBJECTIVE：To study the anti-inflammatory effects of Yuyang capsule on bacterial dermatitis model rats and its effect on TLR/NF-κ B pathway. METHODS：Minimum inhibition concentration （MIC）and minimal bactericidal concentration （MBC）of Yuyang capsule against Staphylococcus aureus were determined by microdilution test. Totally 50 SD rats were randomly divided into model group ，positive control group （amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium ，120 mg/kg as amoxicillin ），Yuyang capsules high-dose ，medium-dose and low-dose groups （according to MIC ），with 10 rats in each group. The model of bacterial dermatitis was established by using the burned skin of rats infected with S. aureus . 24 h after modeling ，administration groups were intragastrically given the corresponding drug ，and model group was intragastrically given the same amount of normal saline ，once a day，for consecutive 7 days. The skin healing rate was calculated on the 1st，3rd，5th and 7th day of administration ，and the scab formation，decrustation and healing were recorded. The contents of IL- 1β，IL-6，IL-10，TNF-α，hydroxyproline（HYP），collagen Ⅰ（Col Ⅰ）and Col Ⅲ in skin tissue were detected by ELISA. Morphology changes of skin tissues were observed by HE staining. The ultrastructure was observed by transmission electron microscope. Protein expression of TLR 2，TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 were detected by Western blotting assay. RESULTS ：MIC and MBC of Yuyang capsule were 25 mg/mL and 50 mg/mL，respectively. Dose of Yuyang capsules high-dose ，medium-dose and low-dose groups were set at 600，300，150 mg/kg. Compared with model group，scab appeared on the injured skin 3 days after administration in Yuyang capsule high-dose and medium-dose groups ，and decrustation appeared on the injured skin of part mice 5-7 days after administration ；the skin healing rate of the positive control group，Yuyang capsule high-dose and medium-dose groups were all significantly increased at each time point. The contents of IL- 1 β，IL-6，IL-10 and TNF-α，pathological score ，protein expression of TLR 2，TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；the pathological changes such as inflammatory cell infiltration in skin tissue were improved. The contents of HYP，Col Ⅰ and Col Ⅲ were increased significantly in positive control group and Yuyang capsule high-dose group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. There was no statistical significance in most above indexes in positive control group ，Yuyang capsule high-dose and medium-dose groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：Yuyang capsule can promote skin healing of bacterial dermatitis model rats and shows certain anti-inflammatory effects ；the mechanism may be related to inhibiting TLR/NF-κB signaling pathway and reducing inflammatory response.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect and underlying mechanism of alcohol extract of Phyllanthi Fructus on silicosis mice induced by silicon dioxide （SiO₂）. MethodThirty-six male Kunming mice of SPF grade were randomly divided into a blank group，a model group，high-， medium， and low-dose Phyllanthi Fructus groups （800， 400， 200 mg·kg^-1），and a tetrandrine group （0.039 mg·kg^-1），with six mice in each group. The silicosis model was induced by static SiO₂ exposure in mice except for those in the blank group. After 28 days of administration by gavage，the lung tissues were collected and the organ coefficient was calculated. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining and Masson staining were used to detect the morphology of lung tissues. The content of hydroxyproline （HYP），superoxide dismutase （SOD），malondialdehyde （MDA）， and catalase （CAT） in serum was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Western blot and Real-time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression of nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2 （Nrf2），heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1），NAD（P）H：quinone oxidoreductase 1 （NQO1），and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 （Keap1）， respectively. ResultCompared with the blank group，the model group showed seriously damaged morphological structure of lung tissues with inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous tissue proliferation， reduced serum content of SOD and CAT（P<0.01），increased content of HYP and MDA（P<0.01）， down-regulated protein and mRNA expression of Nrf2，HO-1， and NQO1（P<0.01），and up-regulated protein and mRNA expression of Keap1 （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Compared with the model group，the high- and medium-dose Phyllanthi Fructus groups showed significantly restored morphological structure of lung tissues with reduced collagen deposition， increased serum content of SOD and CAT（P<0.05，P<0.01），decreased content of HYP and MDA（P<0.01）， up-regulated protein and mRNA expression of Nrf2，HO-1， and NQO1 （P<0.05，P<0.01），and down-regulated protein and mRNA expression of Keap1（P<0.05，P<0.01）. ConclusionThe alcohol extract of Phyllanthi Fructus can inhibit pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis mice，and the underlying mechanism may be related to the regulation of the Nrf2/antioxidant response element （ARE） signaling pathway.

In this study, the crude polysaccharides was extracted from Shengfupian and purified by Sevag deproteinization. Then, the purified neutral polysaccharide fragment was obtained by the DEAE-52 cellulose chromatography column and Sephadex G-100 co-lumn. The structure of polysaccharides was characterized by ultraviolet spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, ion chromatography, and gel permeation chromatography. To investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of Shengfupian polysaccharides, LPS was used to induce inflammation in RAW264.7 cells. The expression of the CD86 antibody on surface of M1 cells, the function of macrophages, and the content of NO and IL-6 in the supernatant were examined. An immunodepression model of H22 tumor-bearing mice was established, and the immunomodulatory activity of Shengfupian polysaccharides was evaluated based on the tumor inhibition rate, immune organ index and function, and serum cytokine levels. Research indicated that Shengfupian polysaccharides(80 251 Da) was composed of arabinose, galactose, glucose, and fructose with molar ratio of 0.004∶0.018∶0.913∶0.065. It was smooth and lumpy under the scanning electron microscope. In the concentration range of 25-200 μg·mL~(-1), Shengfupian polysaccharides exhibited little or no toxicity to RAW264.7 cells and could inhibit the polarization of cells to the M1 type and reduce the content of NO and IL-6 in the cell supernatant. It could suppress the phagocytosis of cells at the concentration of 25 μg·mL~(-1), while enhancing the phagocytosis of RAW264.7 cells within the concentration range of 100-200 μg·mL~(-1). The 200 mg·kg~(-1) Shengfupian polysaccharides could alleviate the spleen injury caused by cyclophosphamide, increase the levels of IL-1β and IL-6, and decrease the level of TNF-α in the serum of mice. In conclusion, Shengfupian polysaccharides has anti-inflammatory effect and weak immunomodulatory effect, which may the material basis of Aconm Lateralis Radix Praeparaia for dispelling cold and relieving pain.
Animals ; Mice ; Interleukin-6/genetics* ; Cytokines/metabolism* ; Polysaccharides/chemistry* ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry* ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; ethnology ; Female ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; ethnology ; transmission ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Theoretical ; Sexual Partners ; Social Networking ; Unsafe Sex ; ethnology ; Young Adult

Objective     To evaluate the effect of intraoperative fluid infusion volume on postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients after minimally invasive endoscopic esophageal carcinoma resection. Methods     From June 2019 to August 2021, 486 patients undergoing elective minimally invasive endoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer were retrospectively screened from the electronic medical record information management system and anesthesia surgery clinical information system of West China Hospital of Sichuan University. There were 381 males and 105 females, with a median age of 64.0 years. Taking the incidence of pulmonary complications within 7 days after operation as the primary outcome, the correlation between intraoperative fluid infusion volume and the occurrence of PPCs within 7 days was clearly analyzed by regression analysis. Results    The incidence of pulmonary complications within 7 days after surgery was 33.5% (163/486). Regression analysis showed that intraoperative fluid infusion volume was correlated with the occurrence of PPCs [adjusted OR=1.089, 95%CI (1.012, 1.172), P=0.023], especially pulmonary infection [adjusted OR=1.093, 95%CI (1.014, 1.178), P=0.020], and pleural effusion [adjusted OR=1.147, 95%CI (1.007, 1.306), P=0.039]. Pulmonary infection was significantly less in the low intraoperative fluid infusion group [<6.49 mL/(kg·h), n=115] compared with the high intraoperative fluid infusion group [≥6.49 mL/(kg·h), n=371] (18.3% vs. 34.5%, P=0.023). Intraoperative fluid infusion volume was positively associated with death within 30 days after surgery [adjusted OR=1.442, 95%CI (1.056, 1.968), P=0.021]. Conclusion     Among patients undergoing elective minimally invasive endoscopic esophageal cancer resection, intraoperative fluid infusion volume is related with the occurrence of PPCs within 7 days after the surgery, especially pulmonary infection and pleural effusion, and may affect death within 30 days after the surgery.