BACKGROUND:Recently, minimal y invasive techniques obtained more attention. Some new minimal y invasive methods have been used in the treatment of spine fracture and provide new chal enges for conventional open surgery. OBJECTIVE:To discuss the clinical efficacy of conventional posterior open pedicle screw fixation versus minimal y invasive operation (using Mast Quadrant System and Sextant percutaneous pedicle screw fixation) for treating single-segment thoracolumbar fractures without neurological damages. METHODS:A total of 94 cases of single-segment thoracolumbar fracture without neurological damages, who were treated in Department of Spine Surgery, Liuzhou Worker’s Hospital in China from January 2012 to January 2013, were enrol ed in this study. According to patients’ conditions and wil ing, they were divided into open fixation group, Quadrant fixation group and percutaneous Sextant fixation group. Perioperative index, clinical efficacy, and imaging results were observed and compared among different groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Intraoperative blood loss, incision length and length of stay were better in the Quadrant fixation group and percutaneous Sextant fixation group than in the posterior open fixation group (P<0.05). A total of 94 patients were fol owed up for 6 months. No cases of nerve damage, slippage or breakage of implants were found. The anterior vertebral body height, Cobb’s angle, and sagittal index were significantly improved postoperatively compared to pre-operation in al three groups (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the three groups (P>0.05). Postoperative Visual Analog Scale scores and Oswestry Disability Index were better in the two minimal y invasive groups than in the conventional open fixation group (P<0.05). These results suggested that compared with conventional open operation, minimal y invasive operation (Mast Quadrant System and Sextant percutaneous pedicle screw fixation) in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures not only can achieve similar imaging result, but has smal incision, less blood loss, quick recovery, high safety, and obtains good clinical therapeutic outcomes. In the case of strict surgical indications, minimal y invasive method is an ideal choice in treating thoracolumbar fractures without neurological damages.

Esophageal variceal bleeding is a major complication of liver cancer and a major cause of death in patients with liver cancer.This article summarizes the current status of the treatment of liver cancer complicated by esophageal variceal bleeding, including drugs and endoscopic and interventional treatment, with an emphasis on treatment options for liver cancer complicated by esophageal variceal bleeding.

It's a multi-protein complex and not single protein that accomplish most of cellular activity.Therefore,to identify and analyze the composition of protein complex is necessary for studying the function of proteins.Tandem affinity purification technique(TAP) enables the effective purification of complex under physiological conditions without knowledge of the complex composition and function.Now,it has been adapted to analyze the composition of the protein complexes in yeast.Combined with mass spectrometry,TAP can identify the interacting proteins of target protein and offer great help for opening protein interacting network and function out.

GROβis a member of the CXC chemokine superfamily.It plays an important role in inflammation and wound healing process.As extensive research continued, researchers realized that the gro gene was one of onco-genes.And its expression product, GROβ, was also found to be very important in angiogenesis, tumorigeness, me-tastasis, and interaction between tumor and immune cells.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic results of embolectomy and thrombolysis for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in 165 patients. Methods Embolectomy was undertaken with Fogarty catheter in 64 patients while 101 patients were treated by thrombolytic agents. Results Ninety-six cases (58.2%) were followed-up, ranging from 7 months to 218 months with an averge of 71 months including 44 cases undergoing embolectomy and 52 cases receiving thrombolytic agents. Symptoms disappeared in 20.5% of patients in embolectomy group and in 13.5% in thrombolytic group.In embolectomy group,the superficial varicoses and derma pigmentation in lower extremity appeared in 31.8% of patients,while in thrombolytic group the signs appeared in 50.5% of patients, respectively.Conclusions Embolectomy protecting the valve of deep trunk vein in some patients helps to reduce later complications of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.

Objective To compare the prevent effect of biliary retrograde infection in the uncut and cut Roux-en-Y cholecystojejunostomy. Methods Sixteen Begle dogs were divided into two groups randomly. One group was performed with the uncut Roux-en-Y cholecystojejunostomy(the uncut group) and the other was performed with the cut Roux-en-Y cholecystojejunostomy (the cut group). The categories of bacterium in the the Roux limb before and twelve weeks after operation, and the biliary duct pressure of the anastomotic stoma were detected. The changes of the categories of bacterium before and after operation, the categories of bacterium and the biliary duct pressure after operation in two groups were analyzed. Results The isolating rate of G-aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria was 37.50% and 6.25% before operation; in the uncut group, the isolating rate was 62.50%, 12.50%,with no significance difference comparing to preoperation(p＝0.390、1.000). In the uncut group the isolating rate was 87.50%, 75.00%after operation, with significance difference comparing to preoperation (p＝0.033、0.001).The isolating rate of anaerobic bacteria after operation in the cut group is higher than the uncut group,the difference is significance (p＝0.041). And the biliary duct pressure in the cut group is higher than the uncut group(p<0.001).Conclusion The uncut Roux-en-Y cholecystojejunostomy was more effective in prevent biliary retrograde infection.

AIM:To investigate the in vitro killing effect of adenovirus-mediated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene(HSV-TK) driven by hypoxic response element(HRE) on hepatoma cell line HepG2.METHODS:Recombinant adenoviral vector Ad-HRE-TK was constructed with HSV-TK under the control of HRE using AdEasy system.Then Ad-HRE-TK was transfected into hepatoma cell line HepG2 and the cells were cultured under normoxic or hypoxic conditions.After treated with GCV for 3 d,the sensitivity to GCV of HepG2 was measured by MTT method.RESULTS:Over 95% HepG2 cells infected with Ad-HRE-TK cultured under hypoxic condition were killed when the MOI was 100 and the concentration of GCV was 50 mg/L.On the contrary,no killing effect of GCV was observed in cells cultured under normoxic condition.CONCLUSION:HRE promotes the expression of HSV-TK specifically under hypoxic condition and induces the specific killing effect of GCV.

Objective To determine the effect of NS3 and NS4A proteins of Zika virus on the neuronal migration in vivo.Methods To identify the coding sequence of NS3 and NS4A,the genome of Zika SZ01 was sequenced by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and reverse-transcription PCR,then NS3 and NS4A was constructed in pCIG vector fused with Flag-tag to express these proteins.And then these plasmids was transfected into the embryo brain of E13.5 mice by in utero electroporation,the distribution of the cells which express these proteins in the cortex was detected by Flag,eGFP and TBR1 fluorescence in E18.5 mice through immunohistochemistry so as to assess the influence of viral proteins on the neuronal migration of mouse cortex.Results 1) Sequence results showed that the amino acid sequence of NS4A is consistent with NCBI data,while NS3 has 1 amino acid mutant.2) As the fluorescence of Flag and eGFP can co-localization,the eGFP fluorescence signal marks the cells that have expressed these virus proteins in cortex.3) TBR1 fluorescence shows the distribution of the cells that express NS4A in vivo are significantly different from pCIG control and NS3 (P＜0.001).Conclusions The NS4A protein of Zika virus may affect the neuronal migration in vivo.

Post-translational modification by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like modifiers(Ubls) is one of the most important mechanisms regulating a wide range of cellular processes in eukaryotes.Previous research showed that,through covalently modification by ubiquitin or ubls,the substrate proteins can be regulated in many different ways like stability,subcellular localization,enzymatic activity,protein-protein interaction and so on.Therefore,we believe,that ubiquitin and ubls play very important roles in cellular and biological processes by modifying plenty of proteins.To better understand the ubiquitin and ubls system,proteomic approaches have been developed to purify and identify more protein substrates.Large-scale idendification of ubiquitin/ubls-modification sites by mass spectrometry is particularly important for understanding the molecular mechanism and function of ubiquitin/ubls modification.Upto the present,more and more scientists are getting interested and participating in proteomics research of ubiquitin/Ubl modifications.This review summarizes the rencent results in this field.

Objective To prepare the single chain antibody against N protein of SARS-CoV. Methods With N protein of SARS-CoV expressed in E.coli as antigen, we obtained the single chain antibody against N protein by screening the phage display library of human single chain antibodies. Results The anti-N protein antibody didn’t cross-interacte with BSA and the short peptide containing 6 histidines. The specific interaction between the antibody and N protein was inhibited by the anti-N protein monoclone antibody from immunized mice. ConclusionThe single chain antibody we got is specific to N protein of SARS-CoV,it can be a candidate antibody for fast detection of N protein of SARS-CoV and SARS virus particles in clinical trial study of SARS pathogenesis.