Objective:The purpose of this study was to obtain the normal value of McNamara analysis for Chongqing adolescents with normal occlusion of permanent dentition.Methods:Chongqing adolescents with normal occlusion were taken 55 lateral cephalograms.McNamara analysis was conducted and the obtained data were compared with that of Chengdu,Shanghai and McNamara,respectively.Results:There was significant difference in the normal values of McNamara analysis between male and female Chongqing adolescents by t test;there was significant difference between Chongqing and Chengdu,Chongqing and Shanghai,Chongqing and McNamara also.Conclusion:There is significant difference in values of normal occlusion of McNamara analysis in different regions and different races.

0.05).Conclusion:The computer can reach the accurate degree while marking one by hand.

Objective:To study the related factors of landmarks identification repeatability in the computer monitoring. Methods:Totally 30 lateral cephalograms were selected at random, and the landmarks were identified by 2 orthodontists with the computer monitor twice. The data were obtained and the differences were analyzed. Results:There were differences in inter-operator and intra-operator in their coordination. The operators were similar to each other within a certain range. There were significant differences between the data of the abscissas and ordinate in some landmarks. Conclusion:The repeatability of identified landmarks is closely related to the location of the landmarks, the landmarks identification by human eyes and the quality of the X-rays.

Objective:To establish the normal value of McNamara cephalometric analysis in Chongqing adolescents with normal occlusion and to obtain its regression models. Methods:Fifty five Chongqing adolescents with normal occlusion (male 27 and female 28)were taken lateral cephalograms. McNamara analysis was conducted and the correlation analysis was carried out.Results: There were significant differences in the normal values of McNamara analysis between male and female Chongqing adolescents, namely the effective maxillary length, effective mandibular length, lower anterior facial height and A Np line. There were no significant differences in Pog Np line, upper incisor to point A vertical,lower incisor to A P line.There were correlations between the effective maxillary length and effective mandibular length, effective mandibular length and lower anterior facial height, A Np line and Pog Np line, respectively.When effective mandibular length was fixed,lower anterior facial height and Pog Np line was correlated.The regression models were obtained.Conclusion:There is correlation between the linear measurements of the cephalometrics values.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of transmission straight wire appliance on the treatment of AngleⅡ1 malocclusion and explore its mechanism.Methods Thirteen AngleⅡ1 malocclusion patients (6 males and 7 females) were treated with the appliance by extracting 4 first premolars or 2 first maxillary premolars.The results of cephalometric measurements before and after treatment were statistically analyzed.Results The average treatment time of 13 cases was 15.6 months.The overbite's treatment cost 4.2 months averagely.Overbite,overjet and molar relationship were turned to normal (only one adult case had complete distal in the molar relationship by extracting 2 first maxillary premolar) and lateral appearances were improved after treatment.The results of cephalometric analysis showed that the changes of SNB,ANB,U1-NA angle,L1-NB angle,U1-LI angle,U1-NA length,L1-NB length,L6-MP length,L1C-MP length,overbite,and overjet were of high statistical significance (P0.05).Conclusion Transmission straight wire appliance can quickly and efficiently correct AngleⅡ1 malocclusion.

Aim To study the effect of [P-(1-Benzotriazole methl)-Benylacrylic acid sodium,abbreviated for BMBS] on experimental arrhythmias. Methods Arrhythmias models induced by drugs in animals were used to observe the effect of BMBS on experimental arrhythmias. Results BMBS 25,12.5 mg?kg -1 iv markedly increased the dose of aconitine for inducing Ventricular premature beats (VP), ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) in rats, as well as that of ouabain for inducing VP, VT, VF and cardiac arrest (CA) in guinea pigs. Also, it postponed the onset time and shortened the duration of arrhythmias induced by barium chloride in rats and decreased the number of animals showing biphasic arrhythmias. Conclusion BMBS has significant effect on experimental arrhythmias.

Objective To investigate the impact of segment weight optimization(SWO) technique on the intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT) plan for post-operative cervical cancer regarding the number of segments,monitor units (MU),the target homogeneity index (HI),conformal index (CI) and dose distribution of target volume and normal tissues.Methods Ten patients with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ cervical cancer after radical resection were randomly selected for this study.The initial IMRT treatment plans were generated using ELEKTA XIO 4.62 system based on the step and shoot method (S-IMRT plan).With the same directions of fields and optimization parameters,the SWO tool was introduced to optimize the IMRT plans further (SWO-IMRT plan).Then the number of segments and MU were compared between the S-IMRT plan and SWO-IMRT plan.By using the dose-volume histogram (DVH),the target homogeneity index (HI),conformal index (CI) and dose distribution in the volumes of target and normal tissues were also analyzed.Results Compared with S-IMRT plan,the average number of segments in SWO-IMRT plan was decreased from 96 ± 4 to 87 ± 4 (t =10.049,P ＜ 0.05),and MU was increased from(638.79±35.02)) cGy to (672.03 ±39.07) cGy (t =3.5952,P ＜0.05).The maximum and mean doses of the planning target volume (PTV) decreased (t =2.262,2.323,P ＜ 0.05).A reduction of the maximum dose in the spinal cord was also observed [from (3856.00 ± 112.14) cGy to (3750.00 ± 141.38) cGy,t =3.976,P ＜ 0.05].The values of V30,V40,V50 in bladders,rectal V30 and L-femoral V50 were reduced in the SWO-IMRTplan (t=4.223,5.801,7.534,2.451,2.269,3.976,P ＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference in target homogeneity index(HI),conformal index (CI),rectal V40,V50,L-femoral V30,V40,V50,R-femoral V40 and V50.Conclusions The application of SWO technique in the IMRT planning for cervical post-operative cancer could reduce the total number of segments,doses in the spinal cord and bladder,but increase the total number of MU.As a result,the spinal cord and bladder toxicity can be reduced which enables an opportunity for dose escalation of gross tumor volume (GTV).SWO technique provides clinicians with an optional optimization solution in IMRT plan for post-operative cervical cancer patients.

Background Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to have the ability of migrating after transplantation into rat model of traumatic brain injury. In this study, MSCs'characteristic of tropism for intracranial glioma was explored following being labeled and transplanted into brain and blood of gliomabearing rats.Methods Cellulae medullares were cultured to get pure MSCs. The cell surface antigen and cell cycle of MSCs were detected to confirm their identity by flow cytometry. MSCs were marked with BrdU and then were injected into contralateral brain or collateral internal carotid artery of rats bearing glioma. 2 weeks later, the brains were resected and pathological sections were made. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence technology were performed to detect MSCs.Results MSCs displayed extensive tropism for intracranial glioma. MSCs which were injected in the contralateral brain of the glioma scattered densely in the juncture between brain tissue and tumor and there were a few MSCs in the glioma; MSCs which were injected into the collateral internal carotid artery scattered widespread in the glioma and there were a few MSCs in the juncture area.Conclusions MSCs have the ability to migrating toward glioma and penetrating blood brain barrier. MSCs may be ideal gene therapy vehicles against glioma.

目的探讨胸腰段椎体骨折脊髓损伤患者康复治疗效果。方法65例脊髓损伤患者，其中T11 3例，T11-12 5例，T12 12例，T12-L1 5例，L1 31例，L2 9例。入院时检查患者感觉损伤平面和运动损伤平面，记录在脊髓损伤积分评定表中，评定日常生活活动能力(ADL)，制订康复计划，进行心肺功能、肌力、二便功能、转移、配戴矫形器站立、行走及ADL指导性训练。结果中途有5例患者脱落。出院后患者ADL等级提高到良30例、中30例。根据ADL变化，显著有效50％，有效50％。步行能力达到社区功能性步行29例，家庭功能性步行31例。结论胸腰段脊髓损伤患者经过系统康复训练，配备支具、使用辅助具，对恢复患者步行能力及ADL水平的提高有满意的效果。

ObjectiveTo investigate the roles of 11 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 ( 11 β-HSD1 )on hippocampus of rat with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS).MethodsTwenty-four male SpragueDawley rats were randomly divided into control group and depressive model group. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to make up depressive animal model.Behavioral changes were recorded by body weight measuring,sucrose consumption test (SCT) and open field test (OFT),respectively.The mRNA transcription of 11β-HSD1 in hippocampus tissues of the rats were detected by real-time RT-PCR,and the protein expression of 11β-HSD1 were detected by western blot and immunofluorescence.ResultsBcforc starting CUMS protocol,the rats exhibited equivalent weight and sucrose consumption.Twenty-eight days after CUMS protocol,behavior parameters such as body weight,sucrose consumption,nunber of crossing,and number of rearing were significantly decreased in rats exposed to CUMS group compared with control group (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01 ).Correspondingly,realtime RT-PCR assays showed the mRNA expression of 11 β-HSD1 in the hippocampus of CUMS group,which was (31 ±9) ％ lower than that of control group.Meanwhile,the protein expression of it in CUMS group was lower than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05 ).Inmunofluorescence revealed that the number of positive 11 3-HSD1 cells was high (223 ± 13) in the control group,while the number was decreased prominently (92 ± 11 ) in the CUMS group (P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionDepressive behavior of rats is induced and the expression of 11 β-HSD1 in the hippocampus is decreased prominently by CUMS,the mechanism of which is at least related to the low expression of 11β-HSD1 and disturbance of glucocorticoid metabolism caused by CUMS.