Objective To investigate the method of constructing bioartificial renal tubule assist device(RAD) and its transport function to creatinine,glucose,sodium and asparagine,theonine,serine,glutamic acid in vitro.Methods The cultured LLC PK1 cells were seeded into the inner space of the hemofilter(FH66)and the hemofilter was incubated for two weeks.Then the filtration in vitro was simulated to detect the function of the RAD.The transport rates of sodium,creatinine,glucose and four kinds of amino acids were measured.Meanwhile,the effects of oubaine and phlorizin on the transport rates of sodium,glucose and amino acids were determined and compared with no LLC PK1 device.Results The creatinine transport rate of RAD was significantly decreased as compared with control group(P

Objective:To study the effect of HLA-Gon proliferation in peripheral blood lymphocytes of childbearing age women and Treg cell subsets,and investigate the mechanisms of immune tolerance in pregnancy.Methods:The high expression of HLA-G cho-riocarcinoma cell lines JEG-3 cells with peripheral blood lymphocytes( PBLC) of healthy childbearing age women co-culture,using the HLA-G neutralizing antibodies(87G)and recombinant human tumor necrosis factor receptor typeⅡ-antibody fusion protein(rhTNFR:Fc)to intervene.Experiments were divided into seven groups:①JEG-3+PBLC culture group;②JEG-3+PBLC+87G culture group;③JEG-3+PBLC non-contact culture group;④JEG-3+PBLC+87G non-contact culture group;⑤The control group(PBLC group);⑥JEG-3+PBLC+rhTNFR:Fc culture group;⑦JEG-3+PBLC+87G+rhTNFR:Fc culture group.Detected the PBLC proliferation inhibition by CCK-8 method and the expression of TNF-αmRNA by RT-PCR in①-⑤groups.The proportion of Treg cells were detected by flow cytometry in①-⑦groups.Results:The assay of CCK-8 showed that the PBLC proliferation inhibition rate of JEG-3+PBLC culture group,JEG-3 +PBLC+87G culture group,JEG-3+PBLC non-contact culture group,and JEG-3+PBLC+87G non-contact culture group were(48.00±5.56)%,(14.67±4.04)%,(37.67±2.31)% and(8.33±3.21)%,there was a statistically significant difference on each group ( P<0.05 ).The result of RT-PCR showed that the expression of TNF-αmRNA in JEG-3+PBLC culture group and JEG-3+PBLC non-contact culture group were significantly lower than the control group.Compared with the corresponding non-87G group,the expression of TNF-αmRNA increased significantly after the intervention of 87G,P<0.05.Compared with the control group, the proportion of Treg cells of JEG-3+PBLC culture group detected by flow cytometry was significantly increased(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between JEG-3+PBLC non-contact culture group and control group ( P>0.05 ).Compared with the JEG-3+PBLC culture group,the proportion of Treg cells of JEG-3+PBLC+87G culture group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with JEG-3+PBLC culture group,the proportion of Treg cells of JEG-3+PBLC+rhTNFR:Fc culture group was significantly increased( P<0.05).Set JEG-3+PBLC+rhTNFR:Fc culture group as control,the proportion of Treg cells of JEG-3+PBLC+rh TNF:FC+87G culture was significantly decreased,but obviously higher than JEG-3+PBLC+87G culture group,there was a statistically significant difference on each group(P<0.05).Conclusion:HLA-G can inhibit peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation of childbearing age women and inhibit the expression of TNF-α,and up-regulate the proportion of Treg cells.

Objective To establish the norm of occupational stress on the nurse in China. Methods Used stratified random cluster sampling,a total of 3091 nurses in 21 from China' s eastern,central and western parts of three regional hospitals, hospital were tested by Chinese nurse stressor scale (CNNS). Results ①The total norms for the CNNS and each factor are established. ②Descriptive statistics for CNSS for different regions samples, different working year' s samples,different marital status samples,different titles samples,different age's samples, different education background samples and different work nature samples were modulated. Conclusion The norm established can basically represent the occupational stress on nurses in China.

Objective To investigate the effects of the site for access to internal jugular vein (lateral versus anterior),lying position of patients (supine versus Trendelenburg),and head rotation (0°,20°,and maximum) during central venous catheterization on the location depth and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the right internal jugular vein (IJV).Methods Fifteen healthy volunteers were recruited in this prospective observational study from September 2008 to October 2008.Healthy volunteers were placed in flat supine position and 15°.Trendelenburg position separately.In each position,IJV were measured ultrasonographically from lateral site and anterior site with the head oriented at 0°,20°,and maximum rotation separately.Data of measured CSA and location depth of internal jugular vein in different positions were compared.Results The largest CSA (2.16 ±0.89) cm2 and location depth [(1.38 ± 0.43)cm] were occurred at the lateral approach in Trendelenburg position with head oriented at maximum rotation.The CSA in Trendelenburg position was larger than that in flat supine position.Only at the maximum head rotation,lateral approach got statistically larger CSA.The effects of head rotation varied with different degrees of rotation.Conclusions Site of approach,lying position and head rotation had noticeable effects on internal jugular vein cross-sectional area.Trendelenburg position increased the CSA of IJV.

Objective To investigate the influence of renal function on serum BNP in the diagnosis of CRF with heart failure by observing the relationship between eGFR and BNP in serum and comparing cut-off values of BNP in different eGFR levels. Methods The elderly participants were enrolled in the study, including 52 patients with heart failure, and 29 patients without heart failure and 30 healthy controls. Serum BNP level was measured by ELISA.Results The level of serum BNP increased significantly in subjects with heart failure compared with those with renal dysfunction for no-heart failure patients (P ＜ 0.05) and healthy controls. BNP level was significantly higher in CRF no-heart failure patients than in control subjects. eGFR showed negative correlation with BNP in ESRD no-heart failure patients (γ= -0. 581, P ＜ 0.01). There was no correlation between eGFR and ESRD with heart failure patients (γ= - 0.081, P ＞ 0.05). The AUC of BNP in patients (eGFR 30 ～ 60 ml) was 0. 951, when cut-off value was 1 500 ng/L,the sensitivity and specificity of BNP were 96.4% and 86. 7% respectively. The AUC of BNP in patients(eGFR ＜30 ml)was 0. 860, when cut-off value was 1 850 ng/L,the sensitivity and specificity of B NP were 66.7% and 92.9%respectively. Conclusions Heart failure was major factor result in higher levels of BNP in chronic renal failure with heart failure patients. BNP could be used as a diagnostic marker for CRF with heart failure patients.

Objective: To investigate the achievement of the target for blood glucose control among community patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its influencing factors, so as to provide insights into developing blood glucose management strategies and intervention measures. Methods: Basic information, lifestyle, medication use, disease history, and HbA1c test results of T2DM patients aged 18 years and older and living in Jinshan District, Shanghai Municipality for more than 6 months were collected through Jinshan District Chronic Disease Follow up Management System and district-level information platform. The proportion of blood glucose achieving the control target (HbA1c<7%) was analyzed. Factors affecting the achievement of the target for blood glucose control were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 16 758 T2DM patients were included, with 7 844 males (46.81%) and 8 914 females (53.19%), and a median age of 69.00 (interquartile range, 12.00) years. There were 8 095 patients achieving the blood glucose control target, accounting for 48.31%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age (60-69 years, OR=0.749, 95%CI: 0.675-0.832; 70-79 years, OR=0.892, 95%CI: 0.801-0.993; ≥80 years, OR=1.238, 95%CI: 1.086-1.411), body mass index (overweight, OR=0.926, 95%CI: 0.863-0.993; obesity, OR=0.800, 95%CI: 0.718-0.891), disease course (6-10 years, OR=0.728, 95%CI: 0.673-0.787; ≥11 years, OR=0.534, 95%CI: 489-0.583), smoking (daily, OR=0.792, 95%CI: 0.730-0.860), drinking (daily, OR=0.788, 95%CI: 0.642-0.967), medication adherence (intermittent, OR=0.293, 95%CI: 0.271-0.317; self discontinuation, OR=0.074, 95%CI: 0.064-0.087), hypertension (OR=0.643, 95%CI: 0.588-0.703) and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (OR=0.671, 95%CI: 0.563-0.800) were the influencing factors for the achievement of the target for blood glucose control among T2DM patients. Conclusion The blood glucose control among T2DM patients is mainly affected by age, body mass index, disease course, smoking, drinking, medication adherence and comorbidities.

Adult ; Behcet Syndrome ; complications ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Deafness ; etiology ; rehabilitation ; Humans ; Male ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To observe the change of histone acetylation homeostasis of the central cholinergic circuits in mice with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Methods The male ICR mice were divided into sham group (n=60) and PSCI group (n=60). The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established. The Morris water maze test was used to test the cognitive function, and the changes of function and the histone acetylation homeostasis of the central cholinergic circuits of unaffected side were detected by molec-ular biology methods. Results Compared with the sham group, the scores of Morris water maze test decreased in PSCI group (t>29.412, P<0.05); while the acetylcholine (Ach) level decreased (t>26.227, P<0.05), as well as the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) mRNA and protein (t>28.593, P<0.05), acetylated histone H3 (Ac-H3) (t>24.126, P<0.05), phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB) and CREB binding protein (CBP) (t>25.634, P<0.05), and the acetylated histone level of M promoter of ChAT (t>24.704, P<0.05). Conclusion Transient MCAO could cause PSCI. The function of the central cholinergic circuits was impaired, especially the his-tone acetylation homeostasis of the central cholinergic circuits, such as the acetylated histone level of ChAT promoter decreased. All of that might be related with the decline of p-CREB and CBP level in the corresponding brain regions induced by stroke.

Objective To investigate the progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the factors influencing the related changes in cognitive ability.Methods Seventy-five subjects with mild cognitive impairment (the MCI group),32 with Alzheimer's disease (the AD group) and 17 others with normal cognition (the NC group) were recruited.The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) and the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) were used to assess their cognitive ability.At the same time,relevant clinical information such as their general condition and past history of disease were recorded.The subjects were followed up for 20 months on average to evaluate their annual rates of progression (APRs),and logistic regression was used to highlight any influencing factors.Results By the end of the follow-up,9 of the 75 MCI subjects had progressed to AD,with an APR of 5.25％.Thirteen cases had recovered normal cognitive functioning (97.6 per 1,000 person-years).Also,2 cases in the NC group (11.76％) developed MCI (69.1 per 1,000 person-years),but none of them had yet progressed to AD.Both hyperlipidemia and a body mass index (BMI) lower than 24 kg/m2 significantly predicted the deterioration of cognitive functioning.Heart disease was significantly correlated with cognitive improvement,and selfmanagement of cognitive function was also a significant protective factor.Conclusions Patients with MCI are at greater risk of developing AD than normal persons.Prevention and early treatment of hyperlipidemia as well as maintaining a normal BMI may delay the deterioration of cognitive functioning.Self-management of cognitive function can improve cognition.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the quality control index between Jinzhen Suanzao teabag and decoction,and explore the alternative supplement of teabag to decoction. METHODS:The test sample solutions of Jinzhen Suanzao teabag and decoction were prepared by hot-maceration method and water-decoction method. The contents of water soluble extract and total flavonoids were de-termined and compared between 2 kinds of preparation. The leaching rates of teabag were investigated at different soak time(0,5, 10,15,20,25,30 min) to optimize soaking time. RESULTS:The average content of water soluble extract were 50.56% and 44.45%(P<0.05) respectively for the teabag and decoction. The total flavonoids content were 0.64 mg/g and 0.69 mg/g (P<0.05). The dissolution amount of teabag were increasing and leaching rate increased within first 20 min,and reached balance gradu-ally 25 min later. CONCLUSIONS:According to the convenience of use and results of each index,the difference in quality control index is not great between 2 kinds of preparation. Teabag can be as the supplement of decoction.