Objective To observe the protein expression , subcelluar localization of activated Pak 1 and its relation-ship with chromosome separation during meiosis in mouse oocytes .Methods Western blot was applied to analyze the expression of activated Pak1 (phosphorylated Pak1 at Ser204, pPak1Ser204 ) at different stages of meiotic progres-sion in semi-quantitative manner;immunofluorescent staining was employed to detect the sub-cellular localization of pPak1Ser204 and its spatial-temporal correlation with spindle and microtubule organizing centers (MTOC) during oo-cyte meiosis.Results pPak1Ser204 expression was found upon germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) in mouse oo-cytes which increased along with the meiotic progression , reaching peak level at metaphase Ⅰ( MⅠ) , which re-mained up to meiosis Ⅱ(MⅡ).From pro-metaphase Ⅰ(pro-MⅠ) to MⅠand at MⅡstage, pPak1Ser204was co-localized with MTOC key components , pericentrin and γ-tubulin on spindle poles, pPak1Ser204 was also distributed on chromosomes;During anaphase Ⅰ(AⅠ) to telophase Ⅰ(TelⅠ) progression, pPak1Ser204 was detached from chromosomes and MTOC, and mainly concentrated on the cleavage furrow.Conclusions pPak1Ser204 is expressed upon meiotic resumption in oocytes .It is a MTOC-associated protein which may regulate chromosome separation through participating the formation and maintenance of spindle apparatus .

Objective To investigate the effects of the site for access to internal jugular vein (lateral versus anterior),lying position of patients (supine versus Trendelenburg),and head rotation (0°,20°,and maximum) during central venous catheterization on the location depth and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the right internal jugular vein (IJV).Methods Fifteen healthy volunteers were recruited in this prospective observational study from September 2008 to October 2008.Healthy volunteers were placed in flat supine position and 15°.Trendelenburg position separately.In each position,IJV were measured ultrasonographically from lateral site and anterior site with the head oriented at 0°,20°,and maximum rotation separately.Data of measured CSA and location depth of internal jugular vein in different positions were compared.Results The largest CSA (2.16 ±0.89) cm2 and location depth [(1.38 ± 0.43)cm] were occurred at the lateral approach in Trendelenburg position with head oriented at maximum rotation.The CSA in Trendelenburg position was larger than that in flat supine position.Only at the maximum head rotation,lateral approach got statistically larger CSA.The effects of head rotation varied with different degrees of rotation.Conclusions Site of approach,lying position and head rotation had noticeable effects on internal jugular vein cross-sectional area.Trendelenburg position increased the CSA of IJV.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of five blood glucose measurements commonly used in ICU and to determine the potential factors interfering the accuracy. Method This prospective study carried out in consecutively enrolled 49 patients stayed more than 48 hours in the medical ICU of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from November 2007 to January 2008. A total of 130 blood samples were measured to determine blood glucose with five different methods, and the biochemistry analyzer in central laboratory was regarded as reference method for comparison with other four methods, ( 1 ) capillary blood/glucometer;(2) arterial blood/glucometer; (3) arterial blood/blood gas analyzer; and (4) arterial blood/biochemistry analyzer. The accuracy of a method tested was judged by the difference in level of blood glucose between it and reference method, correlation coefficient, bias correction factor and discrepancy. The independent factors for the discrepancies were identified by multivariate logistic regression. Results The values of differences in level of blood glucose between above four methods and the reference were ( 1.7 ± 1.4) mmol/L,( 1.6 ± 1.4 ) mmol/L, ( 1.1 ± 1.2) mmol/L, and (0.5 ± 1.2 ) mmol/L, respectively. The rates of discrepancy were 66.9%, 63.8%, 40.0% and 23.8%. The correlation coefficients were 0. 844, 0. 845, 0. 895and 0. 896. The bias correction factors were 0. 821,0.831,0.914 and 0. 979. Decrease in hematocrit was statistically associated with the discrepancy between glucometer analysis methods and the reference, with OR of 0.923 for capillary blood ( P = 0.03 ) and 0. 912 for arterial blood( P = 0.014), respectively. Conclusions Glucometer analysis poorly correlated with reference method and blood gas analysis in ICU patients. Decrease in hematocrit significantly increased the degree of discrepancy in glucose measurements between glucometer analysis and the reference.

Objective To analyze the effect of clinical pharmacists involving in JCI clinical care program certification-AMI(CCPC-AMI) on the compliance rates of clinical drug treatment guideline and the awareness rates of patient medication health education in cardiovascular.Methods Selected cases of acute myocardial infarction(AMI) from March to August in 2015 was as the former group,from September 2015 to March 2016 as the latter group in their hospital,then comparative analysis of two groups was done by statistical method.Results After clinical pharmacists involved in CCPC-AMI,the compliance rates of AMI clinical drug treatment guidelines (after the AMI diagnosis, the 10min was given aspirin, intensified statin therapy and dose selection, the use of ACEI/ARB before discharge and the use of beta blocker before discharge) were increased from 92.7% 67.9%,60.7%,51.8% to 98.1%,85.2%,94.4%,90.7%.The awareness rates of patient medication health education (awareness of safe medication, awareness of self-management, awareness of follow-up knowledge) were all increased to 100% from 75.0%,57.1%,82.1% before participation.Conclusion Clinical pharmacists who carried out pharmaceutical care,has played a critical role in quality control of AMI single disease through the preparing of CCPC-AMI evaluation.

Objective:To explore the status and influencing factors of nurses′ cognitive ability of nursing interruptions in operating room.Methods:From March to May 2020, convenient sampling was conducted, a questionnaire was used to investigate the cognitive ability of operating room registered nurses in some provinces and cities in China. The influencing factors were analyzed by single factor analysis and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis.Results:Finally, 2 827 questionnaires were collected from 1 municipality directly under the central government and 15 provinces, involving 42 municipal and county hospitals. The nurses′ cognitive ability of nursing interruptions in operating room scored 105.73 ± 13.39, which was in the middle level. A total of 2 427 (87.37%) operating room nurses thought it necessary to receive training on nursing interruptions, but only 796 (28.16%) nurses had received training on nursing interruptions. Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that different job categories ( B=-0.714, P<0.001), whether to pay attention to nursing interruptions ( B=5.449, P<0.001), the frequency of experience nursing interruptions ( B=-1.916, P<0.001)and whether to participate in the training of nursing interruptions ( B=-4.806, P<0.001) were the influencing factors of operating room nurses' cognitive ability of nursing interruptions. Conclusions:The operating room nurses' cognitive ability of nursing interruptions is in the middle level. The current situation of training is not good, but the training demand is high. Managers should strengthen the systematic training of nurses on nursing interruptions, especially those with junior nurses in operating room, to improve nurses' attention and cognitive ability of nursing interruptions.

Objective : To investigate whether Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant peptide SS-31 can inhibit the ozone ( O3 ) -induced mice lung airway hyperresponsiveness and mucus hypersecretion． Methods : Eight-week C57BL /6 mice were randomized into four groups，including phosphate buffer saline (PBS) + Air group，SS-31 + Air group， PBS + O3 group and SS-31 + O3 group．C57BL /6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with SS-31 ( 10 mg / kg) one hour before ozone exposure ，and then single-exposed to ozone at a concentration of 5. 01 × 10 －6 mol / m3 for 3 hours．After 24 hours，airway hyperresponsiveness(AHR) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells numbers were measured．Lung tissue schiff periodic acid shiff (PAS) staining，malondialdehyde (MDA) ，inflammatory factors ( interleukin，IL ) -1 β , IL-6 ，IL-18 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ( MCP-1 ) ) and mucin factor (MUC5B) were detected，and the protein expression levels of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) ，pro-Caspase 1 / Caspase 1 (p20) ，Gasdermin D ( GSDMD) and Cleaved GSDMD were determined by Western blot. Results: O3 exposure caused both mice lung airway hyperresponsiveness and mucus hypersecretion．However，SS-31 could inhibit the O3 -induced airway hyperresponsiveness and mucus secretion，reduce the levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory factor mRNA expression ，and downregulate the protein expression level of NLRP3 and the activated forms of Caspase 1 and GSDMD． Conclusion SS-31 could suppress O3 -induced mice airway hyperresponsiveness and mucus hypersecretion by inhibiting the NLRP3 / Caspase 1 / GSDMD signaling pathway.

We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of single-course initial regimens in patients with low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). In this trial (NCT01823315), 276 patients were analyzed. Patients were allocated to three initiated regimens: single-course methotrexate (MTX), single-course MTX + dactinomycin (ACTD), and multi-course MTX (control arm). The primary endpoint was the complete remission (CR) rate by initial drug(s). The primary CR rate was 64.4% with multi-course MTX in the control arm. For the single-course MTX arm, the CR rate was 35.8% by one course; it increased to 59.3% after subsequent multi-course MTX, with non-inferiority to the control (difference -5.1%,95% confidence interval (CI) -19.4% to 9.2%, P = 0.014). After further treatment with multi-course ACTD, the CR rate (93.3%) was similar to that of the control (95.2%, P = 0.577). For the single-course MTX + ACTD arm, the CR rate was 46.7% by one course, which increased to 89.1% after subsequent multi-course, with non-inferiority (difference 24.7%, 95% CI 12.8%-36.6%, P < 0.001) to the control. It was similar to the CR rate by MTX and further ACTD in the control arm (89.1% vs. 95.2%, P =0.135). Four patients experienced recurrence, with no death, during the 2-year follow-up. We demonstrated that chemotherapy initiation with single-course MTX may be an alternative regimen for patients with low-risk GTN.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects* ; Dactinomycin/adverse effects* ; Female ; Gestational Trophoblastic Disease/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Methotrexate/therapeutic use* ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies

We conducted a prospective study to assess the non-inferiority of adjuvant chemotherapy alone versus adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) as an alternative strategy for patients with early-stage (FIGO 2009 stage IB-IIA) cervical cancer having risk factors after surgery. The condition was assessed in terms of prognosis, adverse effects, and quality of life. This randomized trial involved nine centers across China. Eligible patients were randomized to receive adjuvant chemotherapy or CCRT after surgery. The primary end-point was progression-free survival (PFS). From December 2012 to December 2014, 337 patients were subjected to randomization. Final analysis included 329 patients, including 165 in the adjuvant chemotherapy group and 164 in the adjuvant CCRT group. The median follow-up was 72.1 months. The three-year PFS rates were both 91.9%, and the five-year OS was 90.6% versus 90.0% in adjuvant chemotherapy and CCRT groups, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the PFS or OS between groups. The adjusted HR for PFS was 0.854 (95% confidence interval 0.415-1.757; P = 0.667) favoring adjuvant chemotherapy, excluding the predefined non-inferiority boundary of 1.9. The chemotherapy group showed a tendency toward good quality of life. In comparison with post-operative adjuvant CCRT, adjuvant chemotherapy treatment showed non-inferior efficacy in patients with early-stage cervical cancer having pathological risk factors. Adjuvant chemotherapy alone is a favorable alternative post-operative treatment.
Female ; Humans ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Neoplasm Staging ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effects* ; Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies