Objective To observe the effect of chewing gum on EGG,blood motilin and anus exhausting after laparoscopic abdominal surgery. Methods 200 patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly arranged into chewing gum group (Group G): to start chewing gum for 30 min at breakfast time on first day after operation, and also at lunch and dinner time, and stopped until the first anus exhausting, and the control group(Group C): no chewing gum. The time between endpoint of operation to first anus exhausting was recorded; blood motilin and electrogastrography (EGG)on the morning of 1,2,3 days postoperation after chewing gum was detected. Results The time between endpoint of operation to first anus exhausting was not significantly different between two groups, compared with the control group, blood motilin significantly improved on the first day and the second day,but there was no difference between two groups on 3rd day; EGG was no different in all three days between two groups. Conclusions Chewing gum doesn't improve bowel function after laparoscopic abdominal surgery.

Objective To provide an ideal tissular flap for the soft tissue defects of the oral commissure. Methods The observation and measurement of the source of blood supply and nerve innervation to the great/second toe web was carried out on 40 sides of adult specimens lower limbs perfused with red latex in artery. Results The first dorsal metatarsal artery which originated from the dorsal pedal artery was the chief artery to this region. Its external diameter at the beginning was (l. 6 ? 0. 3) mm and was (4. 6?0. 6) cm in length. Sensory nerve of the flap is deep peroneal nerve Conclusion The great/second toe web flap was an ideal tissue defects of the oral commissure.

Object To study chemical constituents of the root of Isatis indigotica Fort Methods The powdered plant material was percolated with 95% ethanol, the percolate was extracted with different solvents, the extract was subject to chromatography on silica gel column and macroporous resin column. The compounds were identitfied by their physicochemical properties and spectral data (MS, 1HNMR, 13 CNMR, UV and IR) Results Two compounds were obtained from the ethanol extracts of the plant root They are 3 (2′ hydroxyphenyl) 4(3H) quinazolinone and isaindigodione respectively Conclusion The two compounds were obtained from I. indigotica for the first time

OBJECTIVE:To promote hospital rational drug use. METHODS:A total of 1 359 ADR cases submitted to State ADR Center by our hospital from 2005 to 2007 vial network system were analyzed statistically in respect of patients' age and sex,the drugs involved,routes of administration,ADR-involved organs or systems,and turnover etc. RESULTS:Of the total 1 359 cases,25.75% were induced by antimicrobial drugs and 55.33% were induced by intravenous route. The lesions of skin and its accessories were the predominant presentation of ADR,and the majority ADR cases had a good turnover. CONCLUSION:The incidence of ADR can be reduced by strengthening the education on and monitoring of ADR as well as the sense of responsibility of medical staff.

Objective To evaluate the effect of ultra-low dose naloxone on postoperative hyperalgesia caused by large-dose remifentanil.Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ adult patients,scheduled for gastrointestinal surgery,were randomly assigned into 2 groups (n =20 each):large dose remifentail group (group R) and ultra-low dose naloxone group (group N).Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of remifentanil,propofol and cisatracurium and maintained with inhalation of sevoflurane and infusion of remifentanil.The patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated.In group R,remifentanil was infused at a rate of 0.25 μg· kg-1 · min-1 starting from the beginning of skin incision.The infusion rate was adjusted according to hemodynamics during operation and subsequently increased/decreased by 0.05 μg· kg-1· min-1 each time.In group N,naloxone was infused at 0.1 μg·kg-1· h-1 while infusing remifentanil,naloxone infusion was stopped at the beginning of peritoneum closure and the other treatments were similar to those previously described in group R.All patients were sent to post-anesthesia care unit after surgery and stayed there for 90 min.Morphine was given when need.The patient-controlled intravenous analgesia was used for postoperative analgesia after leaving post-anesthesia care unit.The first pain time was calculated.The morphine consumption and complications such as nausea,vomiting and pruritus were recorded at 15,30,60 and 90 min and 2,6,24,48 and 72 h after surgery.Results Compared with group R,the morphine consumption was significantly reduced at each time point after surgery,the first pain time was prolonged,and incidence of nausea was decreased (P ＜ 0.05),while no significant change was found in the incidence of vomiting and prutirus in group N (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Infusing ultra-low dose naloxone (0.1μg· kg-1 ·h-1) during operation can attenuate postoperative hyperalgesia caused by large-dose remifentanil in patients.

Objective To study the changes of serum CORT,SOD and LPO in large-acreage cerebral insarction(LCI) and hyperthermia patients,and observe the effect of head hypothermia on them.Methods All cases of LCI were divided into head hypothermia treatment group(group A,n=49),warm water bath and glacial saline enema treatment group(group B,n=43),and health group(control group,group C,n=30).With the methods of radioimmunoassay,hydroxylamine oxidation and thirddialdehyde,the serum CORT,SOD and LPO level in the two groups were measured on the 2nd day after hospitalization and on the 2nd day,the 3rd day and the 4th day after hyperthermia.In addition,the life quality scores of the two groups were compared.Results The serum CORT,LPO of group A and group B were higher on the 2nd day after hospitaiization than the group C(P0.05),while the SOD were lower(P

Objective To explore the relationship between dopaminergic axon terminal and GABAergic neurons and explore the neuroanatomic mechanism of their effects in schizophrenia. Methods The co-location and the association of dopaminergic axon terminal and GABAergic neurons in the basolateral nucleus (BL) of rat amygdala were examined by using double labeling immunoelectron microscopic techniques. Dopaminergic axon terminal and GABAergic neurons were labeled with the antidopamine (anti-DA) and the anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) antibodies respectively. Results 43% of the DA-input synapses was observed to relate directly or indirectly to GAD-immunoreactive(IR) dendritic structures(DA/GAD), which includes single (38%), convergent (30%), serial (20%), and axoaxonic (12%) contact types.And 57% of the DA-input synapses was found to associate with unlabeled elements (DA/UE), which includes unlabeled perikarya (10%), dendrites (82%) and axons (8%). All of the synapses that show DA-IR terminals profiles were found to be symmetric (inhibitory) synapses.Conclusion These results suggest that the dopaminergic system in the BL of rat amygdala controls the mediations of the GABAergic interneurons via symmetric synapses. In addition, the dopaminergic axon terminal associates with the glutamatergic projection neurons and exerts influence on its activity.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the perfusion mode of neovascularization of carotid plaque in CEUS and the ischemic stroke in transient ischemic attack (TIA) patient.Methods A total of 73 TIA patients according to the inclusive criteria were enrolled.All the patients underwent routine carotid ultrasonic examination.And 61 patients with plaque thicker than 2.5 mm in carotid bifurcation underwent CEUS and follow-up for at least 18 months.All the patients were divided into recurrent and non-recurrent groups.Logistic regression analysis were performed to detect the risk factors for incurrence of ischemic stroke or recurrence of TIA in 18 months.Results There were statistical differences between 2 groups in hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipemia,smoking history,family history of stroke,medication compliance,two-dimensional ultrasound and CEUS characteristics (all P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that all the factors correlated with the recurrency,from big to small order were the CEUS characteristics of carotid plaque,hypertension,medication compliance,diabetes,two-dimensional ultrasound characteristics of carotid plaque.Conclusion CEUS could evaluate the perfusion mode of neovascularization in carotid plaques.For TIA patients,CEUS could predict the incurrence of ischemic stroke or recurrence of TIA,which can guide TIA patients targeted prophylaxis of them.

Objective To study the effects of cluster nursing intervention on dysuria in hospitalized patients after renal biopsy. Methods A total of 106 hospitalized patients undergoing renal biopsy during April. 2016 to September. 2016 were divided into control group (50 cases) and experimental group (56 cases) by random number table method. The control group were implemented with traditional methods of care and the experimental group were implemented with cluster nursing intervention.The incidence of dysuria, first average urination time and post-operative urination pattern were compared between two groups. Results The incidence of dysuria in the experimental group was 10.7%(6/56), which was significantly lower than 28.0% (14/50) of the control group (χ2=5.156, P<0.05).The first average urination time of experimental group was (2.95±1.17) hours, which was lower than (5.04±2.27) hours of the control group (t =5.401, P<0.05). The proportion of patients with post-operative self-urination in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (χ2=6.152, P<0.05). Conclusions Cluster nursing intervention can reduce the incidence of dysuria, shorten the first average urination time, promote post-operative self-urination of patients after renel biopsy and enhance comfort.

Objective To investigate the influence of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) on cardiac output (CO) value and parameters of hemodynamics monitored by transpulmonary thermodilution technique in critical patients. Methods A prospective cohort study was conduced. Sixty-two critical patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Zunyi Medical College Affiliated Hospital from January 2011 to October 2015 were enrolled. All of the patients received CVVH through femoral vein puncture catheter. The CO value was monitored before CVVH operation, immediately after CVVH operation (8 ℃ normal saline was injected immediately after the output of blood from the arterial end), 5 minutes after operation, the time at the sudden interruption (press pause key after 10 minutes of operation) and resumed immediately, 15 minutes and 30 minutes after operation by pulse-indicated continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) with transpulmonary thermodilution method. The changes in heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), and blood temperature were observed at all time points. Results From CVVH before start to 5 minutes thereafter, CO values were not significantly changed in patients, fluctuating in 6.96 (7.33, 8.67)-6.98 (6.43, 7.45) L/min. When CVVH was suddenly interrupted, CO value was immediately increased to the peak 8.04 (7.36, 8.77) L/min, which showed statistically significant difference as compared with other time points (all P < 0.01). Immediately after the CVVH recovery from interruption, the CO value dropped to 4.71 (4.14, 7.26) L/min, and it was significantly lower than those at other time points (all P < 0.01). With the CVVH recovery, the patients' CO value was gradually restored to the stable operation ahead of interruption [4.71 (4.14, 7.26)-6.85 (6.08, 7.26) L/min]. During CO monitoring, HR, MAP, CVP and blood temperature of the patients were at the same level, and no significant changes were founded. Conclusions CVVH interruption of immediate PiCCO monitoring CO value were significantly increased, immediately after the CVVH recovery the CO value were significantly reduced, and the normal operation of CVVH did not affect the CO value monitoring. Hemodynamics and blood temperature of all patients were stable during CVVH.