Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of naloxone preconditioning ( NP) for rats with cerebral hemorrhage. Methods Totally 30 healthy male Sprague Dawley ( SD) rats were randomly separated into Sham operatopm group,intracerebral hemorrhage ( ICH) and NP treatment groups ( n =10) . Before the establishment of rat cerebral hemorrhage model,rats in the NP group were given an intraperitoneal injection of naloxone hydrochloride ( 2. 0 mg/kg) ,and those of ICH group received an injection of normal saline at same volume. Then,the ICH model was made by injecting 0. 4 IU collagen Ⅶ into caudate nucleus while. The brain tissue samples around cerebral hemorrhagic focus after ICH were collected. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the transcriptional level and protein level of aquaporin protein 4 ( AQP4) in the brain tissue,respectively. Meanwhile,immunohistochemistry was employed to determine the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 ( MMP-9) in the rat brain tissue. Results Brain water content in ICH group was larger than that in Sham group ( P

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of "dispersing lung-qi and relieving asthma, warming Yang to induce diuresis" method on CPHD patients during acute period with peripheral edema and observe the effect on ADH. Methods The CPHD patients during acute period with peripheral edema were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The treatment group received Chinese medicine adding to regular western medicine, the principle is dispersing lung-qi and relieving asthma, resolving phlegm to stop coughing, warming Yang to induce diuresis. The control group received placebo adding to regular western medicine. Both of the groups were treated for 14 days. The effect observed indexes were as follows:general curative effect, integral of main symptoms of TCM, integral of western medical signs, serum electrolyte, etc. Mechanism index was about ADH. Results The treatment group had better effects than the control group on the general curative effect, reducing integral of symptoms and signs, rectifying electrolyte and acid-alkaline-balance disturbances, etc. The safety analysis of two groups had no significant abnormality. Meanwhile, the treatment group had more superiority than the control group on reducing serum ADH. Conclusion The comprehensive treatment of traditional Chinese and western medicine probably has more advantage in increasing the general effect, improving symptoms and signs, rectifying electrolyte and acid-alkaline-balance disturbances, etc. This therapeutic method can restrain secretion of ADH. It indicates that restraining secretion of ADH maybe part of the mechanism of using "dispersing lung-qi and relieving asthma, warming Yang to induce diuresis" method to treat CPHD patient during acute period with peripheral edema.

Objective To determine the risk factors for development of early acute renal failure (ARF) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in patients with normal renal function.Methods Sixty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients aged 28-64 yr weighing 35-88 kg undergoing OLT were studied.Their preoperative serum Cr and BUN were within normal range.Early ARF was defined as serum Cr≥132 μmol/L and/or BUN≥18 mmol/L within 24 h after operation.The patients were divided into 2 groups: ARF group and non-ARF group.Arterial blood samples and urine specimens were collected before induction of anesthesia for determination of blood β2-micreglobulin(β2-MG) and urinary β2-MG and N-acetyl-β-D-glucurenidnse (NAG). Factors including preoperative liver function,preoperative blood and urinary β2-MG,the amount of urine output and bank blood infused during operation,MAP during anhepatic and neohepatic phase,the amount of vnsoactive drugs and diuretics used during operation,hypotension and arrbythmia during operation were recorded.The risk factors were identified by logistic regression analysis.Results Logistic analysis indicated that serum β2-MG higher than normal value before operation and persistent hypotensien during operation were closely correlated with development of early ARF after OLT.Conclusion Serum β2-MG higher than the normal value before operation.and persistent hypotension during operation are the risk factors for early ARF after OLT.

To observe the effects of simvastatin on nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB)-DNA binding activity and on the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in atherosclerotic plaque in rabbits and to explore the anti-atherosclerotic properties beyond its lipid-lowering effects. Thirty-six New Zealand male rabbits were randomly divided into low-cholesterol group (LC), high-cholesterol group (HC), high-cholesterol+simvastatin group (HC+S) and then were fed for 12 weeks. At the end of the experiment, standard enzymatic assays, electrophoretic mobility shiftassay (EMSA), immunohistochemical staining, and morphometry were performed to observe serum lipids, NF-kappaB-DNA binding activity, MCP-1 protein expression, intima thickness and plaque area of aorta respectively in all three groups. Our results showed that the serum lipids, NF-kappaB-DNA binding activity, expression of MCP-1 protein, intima thickness, and plaque area of aorta in the LC and HC+S groups were significantly lower than those in the HC group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the serum lipids between the LC and HC+S groups (P>0.05), but the NF-kappaB-DNA binding activity, the expression of MCP-1 protein and the intima thickness and plaque area of aorta in the HC+S group were significantly decreased as compared to the LC group (P<0.05). This study demonstrated that simvastatin could decrease atherosclerosis by inhibiting the NF-kappaB-DNA binding activity and by reducing the expression of MCP-1 protein.

To improve the effectiveness of nurse-patient communication and build a harmonious nurse-patient relationship, a list of melodrama of the whole nursing process from admission to discharge was designed and demonstrated. This means of training by scenarios demonstration significantly enhanced nurses' awareness and skills of nurse-patient communication with high recognition.

Objective To localize the tibial attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and provide parameters for clinical PCL reconstruction.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 524 patients with intact tibial PCL attachment who had undergone knee MRI from January 2010 to January 2016.They were 286 men and 238 women with an average age of 35 years (from 20 to 50 years).The size and positions of the tibial PCL attachment were measured on the sagittal and coronal MRI slices.The differences were analyzed between different genders.Results On the sagittal slices,the mean distance from the central tibial PCL attachment to the posterior edge of the tibial plateau was 17.9 ± 3.0 mm and the mean anteroposterior diameter of the tibial PCL attachment was 9.7 ± 2.4 mm,with those for males significantly larger than for females (P ＜ 0.05).The above mean values when expressed as a percentage of the posterior tibial slop were 79.9％ ±4.5％ and 43.7％ ± 9.6％,respectively,showing no significant differences between males and females (P ＞ 0.05).On the coronal slices,the distances from the central tibial PCL attachment to the medial and lateral edges of the tibial plateau were 33.5 ± 3.1 mm and 37.4 ±4.1 mm,respectively,and the mediolateral diameter of the tibial PCL attachment was 12.0 ± 1.6 mm,with those for males significantly larger than for females (P ＜ 0.05).The above mean values when expressed as a percentage of the mediolateral diameter of the tibial PCL attachment were 47.4％ ± 3.2％,52.7％ ±3.1％ and 16.9％ ± 1.7％,respectively,showing no significant differences between males and females (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions On knee MRI images,the distance from the central tibial PCL attachment to the posterior edge of the tibial plateau is about 17.9 mm,the anteroposterior diameter of the tibial PCL attachment around 9.7 mm,and the mediolateral diameter of the tibial PCL attachment roughly 12.0 mm.These measurements for males are larger than for females.

Objective:To analyze the clinical efficacy of compound honeysuckle decoction hot and humid joint fusidic acid cream in the treatment of targeted drugs-induced rash.Methods:80 cases of patients with targeted drugs-induced rash admitted in our hospitalfrom August 2014 to August 2016 were selected and divided into two groups with 40 cases in each group according to the drawing method.The control group was treated by fusidic acid cream,while the observation group was treated by compound honeysuckle decoction hot and humid joint fusidic acid cream,the changes of symptom score,quality of life after treatment,clinical efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results:After treatment,the symptoms score of observation group ((6.87± 1.25) points) was lower than that of the control group ((10.29± 2.74) points)(P＜0.05),the quality of life score ((3.15± 0.57)points) of observation group was lower than that of the control group ((6.42± 1.20) points)(P＜0.05).The effective rate of observation group(95.00％) was higher than that of the control group(77.50％)(P＜0.05),no statistical difference was found in the incidence of adverse reactions was observed between two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Compound honeysuckle decoction hot and humid joint fusidic acid cream was effective in the treatment of targeted drugs-induced rash,it could effectively relieve the clinical symptoms,improve the quality of life.

To observe the effects of simvastatin on nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB)-DNA binding activity and on the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in atherosclerotic plaque in rabbits and to explore the anti-atherosclerotic properties beyond its lipid-lowering effects.Thirty-six New Zealand male rabbits were randomly divided into low-cholesterol group (LC), highcholesterol group (HC), high-cholesterol+ simvastatin group (HC+S) and then were fed for 12weeks. At the end of theexperiment, standard enzymatic assays, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), immunohistochemical staining, and morphometry were performed to observe serum lipids, NF-κB-DNA binding activity, MCP-1 protein expression, intima thickness and plaque area of aorta respectively in all three groups. Our results showed that the serum lipids, NF-κB-DNA binding activity, expression of MCP-1 protein, intima thickness, and plaque area of aorta in the LC and HC+S groups were significantly lower than those in the HC group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the serum lipids between the LC and HC+S groups (P＞0.05), but the NF-κB-DNA binding activity, the expression of MCP-1 protein and the intima thickness and plaque area of aorta in the HC+S group were significantly decreased as compared to the LC group (P＜0.05). This study demonstrated that simvastatin could decrease atherosclerosis by inhibiting the NFκB-DNA binding activity and by reducing the expression of MCP-1 protein.

Objective To construct a model of Graves'disease ( GD ) with ( or ) Graves'ophthalmopathy ( GO) in BALB/c mice by immunization with pcDNA3. 1/TSHR289. Methods pcDNA3. 1/TSHR289 was injected into the bilateral gastrocnemius muscle of 35 model mice and electroporation was immediately performed. 10 control mice were injected with sterile saline and electroporated, while 5 blank mice were injected with sterile saline only. Each group of mice was immunized at 1, 4, 7, and 10 weeks, respectively. Serum total T4 , TSH, TSAb, and TSBAb were measured before immunization, 2 weeks after each immunization, as well as 5 and 8 weeks after the last immunization. CT scan was used to evaluate the morphological changes of the eyes of the mice.99m TcO4- imaging was used to measure the thyroid uptake function, and the pathological changes of the thyroid and orbital tissues were evaluated by HE staining. Results After the 2nd time immunization, the serum concentrations of TT4 , TSAb and TSBAb in GD mice were significantly higher than those of control and blank groups( F=13.781, 31.435, 36.112, P<0.01, respectively).The TSH continued to be significantly lower than that of control and blank groups(F=13.966, P<0.01) . After the 4th time immunizations, the ability of uptaking99m TcO4- in GD mice thyroid was significantly enhanced compared with the control group. The thyroid goiter with a large amount of lymphocyte infiltration, and the thyroid follicle was thin. CT scan of GO mice showed thickening and swelling of the extraocular muscles, and no abnormalities in tendon and muscle attachment points. HE staining showed thickening of extraocular muscle fibers, lymphocyte infiltration of extraocular muscles and orbital tissue, increased hyaluronic acid, and infiltration of fat cells. Conclusion GD or GO model can be successfully induced by multiple intramuscular injection of pcDNA3.1/TSHR289 in BALB/c mice.

Objective:To analyze the trend relevant factors leading to death and their patterns over a 10-year period in inpatients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs).Methods:All clinical data about death in inpatients with CTDs were retrospectively reviewed between 2005 and 2014 at the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.Results:In the 10-year time period,the overall hospital mortality was 15.689‰.The disease itself accounted for 44.71% of the total causes of death,infection accounted for 42.94%,and comorbidities accounted for 12.35%.The constituent ratio of deaths and the average hospital mortality caused by the disease itself declined gradually year by year,and the constituent ratio of deaths caused by infection and comorbidities increased gradually year by year (P<0.05).In 2013-2014,infection was the leading cause of death,which accounted for 51.06%.The survival time for CTDs inpatients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) was shorter than that of CTDs inpatients without ILD,and even the risk of death was 1.722 times of the latter.The proportion of deaths caused by the disease itself was the highest in systemic sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus,that by infection was the highest in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM),and that by comorbidities was the highest in rheumatoid arthritis.Conclusion:The proportion of deaths and the hospital mortality in CTDs inpatients caused by the disease itself show a declining trend,while the proportion of deaths caused by infection and comorbidities increase.CTDs patients with ILD have shorter survival time and an increase in risk of death.