Objective To study the possibility of the exposed therapy of the male's perineum after operation.Methods 450 male patients with perineum surgical operation were chosen,250 among whom were adopted the exposed therapy ,200 were adopted the traditional tie-up therapy after the operation.Calculation with the statistic software SPSS 17.0 were adopted to observe the wound germ infection and heal circumstance,to statisfy the first grade heal rate and the wound germ infection rate.x2 examinations were used, too.Results The rate of the first grades healing of the exposed therapy group was obviously higher than the tie-up therapy.There was obvious difference.(x2 = 12.2,P <0.01).The rate of the germ infection of the exposed therapy set was closed to that of the tie-up therapy without obvious difference(x2 =0.06 ,P >0.05 ).Conclusion The rate of the wound germ infection would not increase if adopted the exposed therapy of the male's perineum after operation and the rate of the wound first grade heals leads to an obvious exaltation.

The article introduces the network resource in urology surgery both at home and abroad and analyses the existing problems in carrying out online teaching uronology and puts forward some countermeasures.

Objective To study the effect of Astragalus and Angelica mixture on growth failure induced by dexaraethasone in rats with nephrotic syndrome (NS) . Methods Forty six-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats with a starting weight of 160 ~ 180 g were randomly divided into five groups: control group, NS model group, NS group treated with Astragalus and Angelica mixture, NS group treated with dexamethasone, and NS group treated with Astragalus and Angelica mixture and dexamethasone. Weight, length, urine protein, and serum albuine were measured. Serum and urine concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were assayed by RIA and IRMA respectively; and IGF-1 mRNA and IGFBP-3 mRNA levels in liver were assayed by RT-PCR. Results Weight gain and length gain, serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels in NS model group were significantly lower than that of the control group and urine IGF-1 levels were higher than that of the control group (P

Objective To explore the risk factors of prognosis for children with acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods Clinical data of 118 children with AKI, including the causes,clinical characteristics, laboratory features, renal pathological findings, treatment and outcome, were reviewed retrospectively. Association between risk factors and prognosis was analyzed. AKI was defined by the new classification criteria of the Acute Kidney Injury Network. Prognostic factors were determined by univariate methods and stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis. Results One hundred and eighteen patients (83 male, 35 female) were enrolled in the study, who admitted in our department between January 1, 2005 and May 31, 2008. Median age at the time of AKI children was 7.5 years (range 1 day-14 years), among whom 28.0% (33 cases) was less than 3.0years, 17.8% (21 cases) between 3.0 and 7.0 years and 54.2% (64 cases) more than 7.0 years.Patients' AKI was classified according to the staging system as follows: 52.5% stage 1, 32.2%stage 2 and 15.3% stage 3. The common causes of AKI children were infectious and autoimmune diseases (39.8%), renal vascular disease (27.1%) and circulatory disturbance (11.9%). Hospital mortality was 21.2%. Multivariate analysis showed that independent risk factors for death were need for mechanical ventilation (OR=51.75, P＜0.01＝, sepsis/septic shock (OR=14.76, P＜0.01＝, severe acidosis (OR=11.38, P＜0,01＝, and white blood cells (WBC) count more than 20.0×109/L (OR=8.51, P＜0.01＝. Conclusion Infectious and autoimmune diseases, renal vascular disease and circulatory disturbance are the common causes of AKI children. The important risk factors of death in AKI children are need for mechanical ventilation, sepsis/septic shock, severe acidosis, and WBC count more than 20.0×109/L.

In order to study bladder intravesical instillation methods in pure line LEW rats and nude mice, female LEW rats and nude mice aged 2 to 4 weeks were sacrificed. Their urethra and bladder were observed under anatomical microscopy. A trochar was prepared according to the outline and angle of the urethra. Ink was poured into female rats and nude mice bladder though urethra. Filling and staining of bladder were observed and evaluated under anatomical microscopy. Status and urethral injury of rats and mice were observed. The results showed that urethra anatomic structure of rats and nude mice was different from that of human urethra. When bladder was filled with ink and became blue, liquid was not seen to leak out. The success rate of intubation was high (100%). Living activities of animals weren't influenced by intravesical instillation. It was concluded that bladder irrigation might be a kind of valid and utilizable method in pure line rat and nude mouse empirical study. The model may be a more effective tool for study of bladder tumor.

Objective To study the levels of CD62P and CD44 in the peripheral blood of children with lupus nephritis (LN) and their clinical significances were investigated. Methods Twenty-two children with active LN were divided into two groups by their clinical features,nephritic syndrome group (NS group,12 patients) and nonnephritic syndrome group (non NS group, 10 patients). Those patients were also divided into two groups according to their pathologic grading,grade Ⅱ+Ⅲ group (6 patients) and grade Ⅳ+Ⅴ group(16 patients).According to their tubulointerstitial lesions (TIL), those patients were divided into three groups, TIL grade 0 group (5 patients), grade Ⅰ group (13 patients), grade Ⅱ group (4 patients). The blood of the 18 patients who were in inactive state after treatment were retested blood again. The levels of CD62P and CD44 in the peripheral blood were assayed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) in LN children and in 20 normal age and sex-matched controls, and their correlation with clinical peripheral blood levels of CD62P and CD44 in NS group, grade Ⅳ+Ⅴ group were significantly higher than CD44 were positively correlated with 24-hour proteinuria,ESR, urine NAG, urine β2-MG and the TIL grade (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively), but negatively correlated with the levels of serum complement 3 (C3) and albumin (ALB) (P<0.05).The levels of CD62P was positively correlated with those of CD44 (P<0.05). Conclusion CD62P and CD44 may be involved in the pathogenesis of LN. The peripheral blood levels of CD62P and CD44 in LN children could be used as one of the indicators for lupus activity, severity, treatment effectiveness and prediction of outcome.

ObjectivesTo investigate the composition of clinical classiifcation and pathological patterns and their rela-tionships and change in children with renal disease undergoing biopsy.MethodsA retrospective analysis of pathological and clinical data obtained from children (≤14 year) with renal disease undergoing biopsy from 1984-1997 and from 1998-2011 was performed.ResultsOne thousand four hundred and sixty-two children underwent renal biopsy in 28 years, and 1313 patients were recruited in this study, 824 males (62.8%) and 489 females (37.2%). The mean age was 9 years and 4 months at renal biopsy. There were 921 children (70.1%) with primary glomerular disease (PGD) and 312 children (23.8%) with secondary glomerular disease (SDG). The main clinical classiifcations of PGD were nephrotic syndrome (NS, 31.2%), isolated hematuria (IH, 16.1%), and acute glomerulonephritis (AGN, 11.0%). The main pathological patterns of PGD were IgA nephrop-athy (IgAN, 27.6%), minimal change disease (MCD, 24.0%), and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN, 16.9%). The main causes of SGD were lupus nephritis (LN, 40.7%), Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis (HSPN, 34.3%), and hepatitis B virus related glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN, 19.6%). In this 28 years, the composition of PGD was decreased, however, the compositions of SGD and other renal diseases were increased. Compared with 1984-1997, the pathological manifestations of IgAN, MCD and focal segmental glomeralosclerosis were increased, MsPGN, IgMN, and crescentic glomerulonephritis were decreased in 1998-2011. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In SGD patients, HBV-GN was significantly decreased (P<0.05).ConclusionsPGD is the main disease in children undergoing renal biopsy. IgAN is the most common pathological pattern. NS is the most common clinical classiifcation. In this 28 years, the composition of PGD is decreased, SGD and other renal diseases are increased in children undergoing renal biopsy.

[Objective] To observe the effect of cyclosporine A (CSA) on the activity and expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in renal tubular epithelial cells. [Methods] NRK52E cells were cultured until its reached confluent. Then NRK52E cells were exposed to different concentration of CSA (0, 0.42, 0.84, 4.2, and 8.4 μmoL/L) for 48 h or 72 h respectively. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were detected by gelatin zymography. The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. [Results] MMP-2 activity and mRNA levels were decreased in a dose dependent manner after exposed to different concentration of CSA for 48 h or 72 h in NRK52E cells. Compared with control (CSA 0 μmoL/L), CSA 0.42, 0.84, 4.2, 8.4 μmoL/L decreased the MMP-2 activities to 27%, 24%, 11%, and 9% respectively; The differences are significant, P<0.05. But the MMP-9 activity and mRNA levels were increased after exposed to CSA for 48 h or 72 h in NRK52E cells. Compared with control group, CSA 4.2 μmoL/L exposure increased MMP-9 activity to 438% in 48 h, and 237% in 72 h; the differences are significant as well, P<0.05. [Conclusion] A dose-dependent decrease in the expression and activity of MMP-2, and the up-regulation of the expression and activity of MMP-9 by CSA in renal epithelial cells may related to CSA associated tubulointerstitial damage.

In order to study bladder intravesical instillation methods in pure line LEW rats and nude mice, female LEW rats and nude mice aged 2 to 4 weeks were sacrificed. Their urethra and bladder were observed under anatomical microscopy. A trochar was prepared according to the outline and angle of the urethra. Ink was poured into female rats and nude mice bladder though urethra. Filling and staining of bladder were observed and evaluated under anatomical microscopy. Status and urethral injury of rats and mice were observed. The results showed that urethra anatomic structure of rats and nude mice was different from that of human urethra. When bladder was filled with ink and became blue, liquid was not seen to leak out. The success rate of intubation was high (100%). Living activities of animals weren't influenced by intravesical instillation. It was concluded that bladder irrigation might be a kind of valid and utilizable method in pure line rat and nude mouse empirical study. The model may be a more effective tool for study of bladder tumor.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of menbranous milkvetch root parenteral solution on insulin resistance of gerontism cerebral infarction in recovery stage.Methods66 patients with gerontism cerebral infarction were randomly divided into therapy group(33 cases) which received membranous milkvetch root parenteral solution and control group(33 cases).Both groups adopted routine treatment at the same time, the period was 20 days. Insulin(Ins), free blood sugar(FBS), total cholesterol(CH), triglyceride(TG), hemorheology and insulin resistance(indicating by index of insulin sensitive) of blood on empty stomach were evalutated before and after treatment. ResultsAfter treatment there was decrease in CH, FBS, FINS in therapy group than in control group(P<0.01 or P<0.05); the clinical effect in therapy group was better than in control group(P<0.01).ConclusionMembranous milkvetch root parenteral solution can significantly decrease insulin resistance, blood lipin, blood viscosity in recovery stage of gerontism cerebral infarction, and improve clinical efficiency.