ObjectiveTo explore audition and speech training methods for artificial cochlea implantation children and evaluate its effect.Methods20 children who accepted artificial cochlea implanted before 7 years old and hadn't learned sign language were treated by Auditory-Verbal therapy which avoided assistance of visual and tactual sense in training time and daily communication.17 children after artificial cochlea implantation at the same age who accepted traditional training which didn't avoid assistance of visual sense were compared as the control.ResultsThe improvement of hearing ability in Auditory-Verbal therapy group were more significantly than that in control group (P<0.001).ConclusionsAuditory-Verbal therapy can markedly improve the hearing ability in children after artificial cochlea implantation.

Objective To investigate and compare the clinical effects of intraarticular injection of sodium hyaluronate and diprospan on knee osteoarthritis. Methods 94 patients with knee osteoarthritis were divided into two groups, the HA group and Cortieosteroid group. Each patient in the HA group was treated with intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate at 2.5 ml every week for 5 weeks, and each patient in the Corticosteroid group was treated with intra-articular injection of diprospan at 1ml on the first and fourth week. The clinical assessments included pain,joint effusion,and Lequesne Index. Assessments were done at baseline, at week 4, and week 12. Results 88 cases were followed up for 3 months. A significant decrease in VAS scores for pain and in Lequesne Index was found in both groups at week 4 when compared to baseline and there were no significant differences between the two groups. However,at 12 week improvement in pain score and Lequesne Index was found in favour of hyaluronic acid. In addition,diprospan seemed to have preferable short-term effect on patient with joint effusion. Conclusion Both intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate and diprospan provided clinically significant improvement in short-term and demonstrated that hyaluronic acid had a more long-term beneficial effect in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Objective The present study analyzed the performances of hearing impaired children and normal hearing children at age 3 on the open set monosyllables test to provide reference for rehabilitation .Methods 30 typi-cal children and hearing impaired children at age 3 were randomly selected and tested using the open -set monosylla-ble test in evaluation of auditory response to speech (EARS) .Results ① There were significantly differences be-tween different test items in both groups ,the decreasing order of the score was tone> vowel>consonant>word(P<0 .01) ,and the scores on vowels ,consonants and words of hearing -impaired children were respectively signifi-cantly lower than that in normal hearing children(P<0 .001) .②There were similarities and differences between the mistakes of typical children and hearing impaired children .Blade-palatals and laterals in both groups achieved the lowest accuracy .While the accuracies on bilabials ,labiodentals ,nasals and plosives were highest in typical children , the accuracy on velar was highest in hearing impaired children .And the accuracies of consonants and nasal vowels on each place and manner of articulation in hearing -impaired children were significantly lower .Conclusion The study showed that the performances on vowels ,consomants and words of hearing -impaired children aged 3 in the open set monosyllables test were poorer than that in normal hearing children .The main errors were between the same places or methods of articulation ,especially for Blade -palatals and laterals .It is possible related to the deficiency of lan-guage input with the hearing impairment and the age with HA/CI .

AIM:The aim of this study was to examine the microstatellite instability(MSI)and loss of heterozygosity(LOH)of locus D17S396 on chromosome 17 and their influence on the expression of nm23H1 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),which may provide experimental evidence for the mechanism of nm23H1 gene and tumor metastasis.METHODS:Techniques such as DNA extraction from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues,PCR-SSCP,ordinary silver stain were used to study MSI and LOH of locus D17S396.Envision immunohistochemistry and Leica-Qwin computer imaging techniques were used to assess the expression of nm23H1.RESULTS:① The frequency of heredity instability of HCCs was 35.42%.The frequency of LOH in the cases with lymph node or distant organs metastasis or not and with intrahepatic metastasis or embolus of portal vein or not was significantly different(P

Objective To investigate whether the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD) can independently increase the risk of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes .Methods The cardiovascular endpoints were observed after 5 years follow up for fat liver group (46 cases, patient with fat liver and with diabetes more than 10 years), non-fatty liver group (50 cases, patients without fatty liver disease and with diabetes more than 10 years), and normal glucose group (46cases, patient with NAFLD and with normal glucose) in the same demographic characteristics.Results ⑴ Patient status before enrollment: The body mass index (BMI), and blood glucose levels in fat liver group and non-fatty liver group were higher than normal glucose group , while the high-density lipopro-tein cholesterol ( HDL-C) was lower than normal glucose group ( P <0.05 ) .There is no significant difference among three groups in blood pressure and triglyceride ( TG) level ( P >0.05 ) .⑵After 5 years observation:The BMI , blood glucose , and TG levels in fat-ty liver disease group were significant higher than other two groups , while the HDL-C was lower than other two groups .The glucose control level of fat liver group was higher than normal glucose group ( P <0.05 ) .⑶After 5 years observation:The incidence of cardi-ovascular events of fat liver group was higher than other two groups ( P <0.05 ) .There is no significant difference between the normal glucose group and non-fatty liver group in the incidence of cardiovascular events ( P >0.05 ) .Conclusions NAFLD can independent-ly increase the risk of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes.

Objective To explore transinfection of rabbit chondrocytes via chitosan microsphere with human IL-1Ra and TGF-β1 gene. Methods Chitosan-DNA microspheres carrying plasmids with IL-1 Ra and TGF-β1 genes were prepared.The encapsulation efficiency,DNA-released kinetics and lysozyme degradation in vitro were performed.Articular rabbit chondrocytes were co-transinfected with the plasmids with IL-1Ra and TGF-β1 genes via chitosan-DNA mierosphere,evaluated by fluorescence microscope,TaqMan real-time PCR assay and MTF test. Results The chitosan microspheres with IL-1Ra and TGF-β1 genes were(2.8±0.2)μm and(2.6±0.1)μm in diameters respectively.The encapsulation efficiency were(88.3±4.1)%and(87.2±2.6)%.During the degradation,significant morphological changes were noticed.The plasmids could be released in a multiphasic fashion.Enhanced green fluorescent protein and Real-Time PCR analysis showed that genes were expressed in chondrocytes.lasting near 30 days.MTT indicated that the cotransinfection promoted the chondrocytes'proliferation. Conclusion IL-1Ra and TGF-β1 genes cotransfected into chondrocytes via chitosan-DNA microsphere could be expressed in a long term and cotransinfection promoted the chondroeytes'proliferation,which is the base of inhibiting the degeneration of cartilage and promote cartilage repair.

Objective To explore the protective effects of schisandrin B (Sch B) on hypoxia injury induced by cobaltous chloride (CoCl2) in human proximal renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells, and the possible mechanism thereof. Methods HK-2 cells were randomly assigned to four groups:control group (Con, cells were untreated), CoCl2 group (CoCl2, cells were treated with 600μmol/L CoCl2 for 24 h), Sch B pretreat group (CoCl2+Sch B, cells were pretreated with 1μmol/L and 10μmol/L Sch B for 2 h) and Sch B group (Sch B, cells were treated with 1μmol/L and 10μmol/L Sch B for 2 h). CCK-8 kit was used to detect the cell viability of four groups. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptotic rate of four groups. The protein expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α(HIF-1α) was assessed by Western blot assay. The expressions of HIF-1α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA were determined by RT-PCR. Results Compared with the control group, after treated with 600 μmol/L CoCl2, the cell viability was decreased, and the apoptosis was increased, the expressions of HIF-1α and iNOS mRNA were up-regulated in HK-2 cells. There was no significant difference in the expression of HIF-1α mRNA between control group and CoCl2 group. Compared with the CoCl2 group, after pretreated with 1μmol/L and 10μmol/L Sch B, the cell viability was increased and the apoptosis was decreased, the expressions of HIF-1α and iNOS were down-regulated in HK-2 cells. There were no significant differences in the cell viability and apoptotic rate between control group and Sch B group. Conclusion Pretreatment with Sch B can reduce the apoptosis of HK-2 cells by inhibiting the expression of HIF-1α and iNOS mRNA, which shows protective effects on hypoxia injury.

Objective To evaluate the effects of sitagliptin on blood glucose,blood pressure,blood lip and carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) in metabolic syndrome patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods The clinical data were collected for 64 cases of inpatient and outpatient patients with metabolic syndrome with type 2 diabetes.Those patients included anti-diabetes native patients and patients only used the stable metformin dose.After signed off the informed consent form,those patients were randomized to the sitagliptin treatment group or original treatment group,and the metabolic index and carotid artery intima-media thickness were evaluated after 24 weeks treatment.Results The body mass index (BMI),waist circumference (WC),fasting plasma glucose (FPG),triglycerides (TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),glycated hemoglobin a1c (HbA1c),and carotid artery IMT in two groups were comparable at baseline.After 12 weeks treatment,the FPG,TG,DBP,and HbA1c in the sitagliptin group were significantly better than original treatment group and the baseline,while there was no different between two groups in other index.After 24 weeks treatment,the FPG,TG,HDL-C,DBP,HbA1c,and carotid artery IMT in the sitagliptin group were significantly better than original treatment group and the baseline.Conclusions Sitagliptin presents the functions of lowering blood pressure,adjusting blood lipid,and protecting vascular endothelial in addition to lowering blood glucose.

[Objective]To investigate the value of degree centrality(DC),a novel resting-state fMRI parameter,in voxel-wise whole-brain functional networks analysis in primary insomnia(PI)after acupuncture therapy.[Methods]The resting state fMRI were performed in 29 PI patients and 22 age,education,and sex-matched normal healthy subjects. Analysis of DC map changes between the two patient groups and the control group were performed by two sample t test.(threshold at P<0.05).[Results]Compared with the control group,patients with PI showed significantly reduced DC value in middle temporal gyrus(MTG. R);hippocampus(HIP. B);parahippocampal gyrus(PHG. R);putamen(PUT. R);cuneus(CUN. L).[Conclusions]Changes of DC value occurred in some region of brain in the PI patient groups when compared with the control group. It was indicated that DC ,as a novel resting-state fMRI parameter in the voxel-wise whole-brain functional networks ,might be an appealing alternative approach for further study on pathologic and neuropsychological states of PI.