Objective To establish a rat model of glioma for MRI study.Methods Fischer 344 rats were inoculated with F98 glioma cells in caudate nucleus by stereotaxic procedure.MRI scanning and pathology examination were performed to observe the tumor growth on 6,8,10,12,and 14 d, respectively,after inoculation and their survival was also analyzed.Results After inoculation,tumors were found in all rats by MRI as early as 6 days.Most of rats died on 14 d after inoculation.The volume of tumor increased as the inoculation time lengthened.The tumor volume measured by MRI was larger than actual size by autopsy,but the both correlated positively(r=0.91,P

Objective To set up a method of rapid culture,drug susceptibility testing and identification for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.Methods Using the method by ourselves made and examined the standard strains and clinical strains of mycobacterium,research to the culture, the drug susceptibility testing and the identification of group in mycobacterium by this method compared with the method of Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) method. To make sure the characteristic identification of group in mycobacterium.Results Detection time of culture of this method was 19.13 d earlier than that of L-J method. The positive rate of the method was higher than that of the L-J method. The applied concentration of each drug was: INH:0.1 ?g/ml, RFP:1 ?g/ml, EB:2 ?g/ml, AMK:2 ?g/ml、LVFX:2 ?g/ml、PNB 200 ?g/ml、TCH 2.5 ?g/ml respectively. The report time of the method was 7～10 d. It was 18～21 d shorter than that of the L-J method (28 days).Conclusion The method shortened significantly the report time of culture、drug susceptibility testing and identification of group in mycobacterium. The rate of positive was raised.This method was economic, practical and suitable to expansion and application in the substrata units.

Objective: To optimize the extraction process for Semen Strychni and Ephedra Sinica in Jiufen Powder. Methods: To determine the content of strychnine, brucine and ephedrine in extract solution by orthogonal design and TLC. Results: The volume of solvent and the number of times of extration have notable effect for extraction. The best conditions are 10 times of the herb quantity of water, extract three times, 1 hour per time.

BACKGROUND:Metabonomics has been proved to analyze and observe the pathological process of rat myocardial infarction and the underlying mechanism. OBJECTIVE:To further analyze the metabolomic pathways of bioinformatics in rat models of myocardial infarction. METHODS:The experimental studies about rat myocardial infarction were retrieved from CNKI, WanFang, CqVip, PubMed and Embase databases. The metabolic products described in the literatures were col ected and summarized. Signaling pathways were analyzed using KEGG database molecular function annotation, the enzymes, translocators and their properties were analyzed by HMDB database. Metabolites pathway were visualized with MetPA. RESULTS AND CONSLUSION:A total of 26 metabolic products were identified in the included literatures and mainly participated in 29 metabolic pathways. Through topology analysis, 5 of the 10 metabolic pathways were selected and regarded as the metabolic pathways of myocardial infarction in rats, including aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis;glycine, serine and threonine metabolism;valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis;biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids;phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis. In conclusion, the bioinformatics analysis of metabolites in rats with myocardial infarction show that myocardial infarction is related to the metabolism and metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, proteins, fat and RNA.

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) usually occurs during normal pregnancy or a few days after delivery. The gold standard of diagnosis is the reversibility of cerebral vascular constriction confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA). In this article, we descried the clinical and imaging features of one RCVS case proved by repeating DSA, and discussed the probably pathophysiological mechanisms.

Objective To investigate the Adamkiewicz artery visualization using gemstone spectral CT angiography (CTA) with optimal monochromatic technique.Methods The prospective study was approved by the local institutional review board,and written informed consents were obtained for all the examinations.The successive 58 patients with suspected aortic aneurysm or dissection underwent aortic gemstone spectral CTA.They were divided into two groups based on the different reconstruction protocols:A,optimal monochromatic reconstruction;B,polychromatic reconstruction.Visualization rate of Adamkiewicz artery in two groups were recorded.Objective(measure CT value of the descending aorta and calculate signal-to-noise ratio [CNR]) and subjective (score of Adamkiewicz artery visualization) were evaluated.Paired samples t,Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis.Results CT value of descending aorta and CNR of group A [(568.4 ± 57.5)HU and (52.3 ± 8.1)] were significantly higher than group B[(346.2 ± 48.6)HU and (26.7 ± 3.7)] (t=12.70 and 15.20,P＜0.01).The visualization rate of Adamkiewicz artery in group A (94.8％,55/58) was higher than B (82.8％,48/58;x2=4.20,P=0.04).The score of group A (55 cases,3.9±0.8) was significantly higher than the group B (48 cases,3.4±1.0)(Z=-2.40,P=0.02).Conelusion Gemstone spectral CTA with optimal monochromatic reconstruction can improve the visualization efficiency and quality of the Adamkiewicz artery compared with routine polychromatic reconstruction protocol.

Objective To explore the mediating role of self-esteem in optimism and suicidal risks,and the moderate effect of life events in optimism,suicidal risk and self-esteem.Methods 1 750 college students were surveyed with the life orientation test-revised (LOT-R),the suicidal behaviors questionnaire-revised (SBQ-R),rosenberg self-esteem scale(SES) and adolescent self-rating life events check list (ASLEC).Results The total scores of SBQ-R,LOT-R,SES and ASLEC of college students were (4.78±2.10),(23.17±3.22),(29.58±4.43)and (36.54±21.73).Optimism scores were negatively correlated with suicidal risk scores(r=-0.23,P＜0.01),optimism scores were positively correlated with self-esteem (r=0.50,P＜0.01).Scores of self-esteem scales were negatively correlated with suicidal risk scores(r=-0.35,P＜0.01).A structure equation model consists of optimism,self-esteem,suicidal risk and it had a better degree of fitting (the path form optimism to suicidal risk were r =-0.05,P＜0.05,RMSEA =0.05,GFI =0.90,NFI =0.92,CFI =0.93).The relationship between optimism and suicide risk were mediated by self-esteem(P＜0.01),which accounted for 76％of the total effects.The life events' moderating effects between self-esteem and suicide risk were significant(P＜0.01).Conclusion Self-esteem has a significant correlation with optimism and suicidal behaviors,self-esteem plays an intermediary role between optimism and suicidal behaviors,and life events play an regulation role between self-esteem and suicidal behaviors.

Objective To identify the morphological characteristics of pelvic diaphragm hiatus in pregnant women with stress urinary incontinence ( SUI) by transperineal three-dimensional (3-D) ultrasound.Methods From Oct.2008 to Mar.2009,145 pregnant women (third trimester group) at 37-41 weeks of gestation underwent transperineal 3-D ultrasound investigation at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,the Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University,including 38 pregnant women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and the other 107 non SUI pregnant women.In the mean time,50 normal nulliparous healthy women were chosen as control group.The morphological characteristics of pelvic diaphragm hiatus,the diameter of pelvic diaphragm hiatus,pubovisceral muscle thickness and genitohiatal and levator ani angle were measured at rest,on maximum Valsalva and maximum pelvic floor contraction by 3-D ultrasound,respectively.Results Loosen connective tissue and pubococcygeus avulsion were observed in some pregnant women at third trimester.The area of pelvic diaphragm hiatus were (15.2 ±1.9),(16.4 ± 2.0) and (13.6±1.9) cm2,pubovisceral muscle thickness were (0.72 ±0.11),(0.68 ±0.14) and(0.77 ±0.11) cm,levator ani angle were (60 ±8) °,(57±10) ° and (64 ± 14)° at rest,on maximum Valsalva and maximum pelvic floor contraction respectively.These parameters were significantly increased than those in control group[(11.2 ±2.6),(14.5 ±4.5) and (9.2 ±2.6) cm2; (0.66 ±0.10),(0.67 ± 0.14) and (0.71 ±0.14) cm; (50 ±4) °,(51 ±5) ° and (46 ±5)°]at three maneuvers,respectively ( P <0.05).And those parameters of the anteroposterior hiatal diameter,lateral hiatal diameter,perimeter of pelvic diaphragm hiatus and area of pelvic diaphragm hiatus in SUI pregnant women were increased than those in non SUI pregnant women at three maneuvers,respectively (P < 0.05 ).Pubovisceral muscle thickness in SUI pregnant women was significantly lower than that in non SUI pregnant women at maximum pelvic floor contraction (P < 0.05 ),but there were not significant difference between SUI and non SUI pregnant women at rest and on maximum Valsalva in pubovisceral muscle thickness and genitohiatal and levator ani angle (P >0.05).Conclusions Pelvic floor anatomic remodeling is identified in late pregnant women.When compared with non pregnant women,the loosen pelvic floor connective tissue and the bigger diameters of pelvic diaphragm are observed in late pregnant women.It is observed that the increased diameters of pelvic diaphragm and decreased thickness of pubovisceral muscle in later pregnant SUI women than those in non SUI pregnant women.

Public hospital reform pilots have been initiated recently and it is necessary to clarify some key issues. To this end, thispaper touches upon six fundamental issues, discussing the generality and value for the existence of public hospitals, differences between reforms of public hospital and those of state-owned enterprise, the public financing for and regulation on public hospitals, relationship with the private sector, as well as service and function positioning of public hospitals.