0 05). In high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HGSIL), the differences between the laser treated group and either LLETZ or total hysterectomy groups turned into normal rate was significantly (P0 05).Conclusions Expectant treatment for CIN I is safe in a reliable patient population. LLETZ is a safe and effective treatment for HGSIL. The long-term efficacy of LLETZ should be investigated and assessed by extending the period of follow-up.

As one of the important indexes for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, cardiac output can reflect the state of cardiovascular system timely, and can play a guiding role in the treatment of related diseases. In recent years detection technology of cardiac output has caused great attention, especially minimally invasive and non-invasive methods. In this paper, the principle of non-invasive detection methods and their recent developments are described, and various detection methods are also analyzed.
Cardiac Output ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; diagnosis ; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena ; Humans

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of soft tissue mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. Methods:The clinical material,pathological and immunohistochemical characteristics(reactiontoLCA,CD3,CD20,CD45RO,CD79a,CD99,NSE,S-100,Syn,CgA,CK7,CK19,EMA,Coll-Ⅱ,Sarcomeric-Actin,Desmin,Ki-67,P53) of 2 cases of soft tissue mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in Jishuitan Hospital between 1995 and 2005 were reviewed and followed up. Results:The two patients were both females. The tumors were located in the low extremity muscles. The main roentgenographical appearance was stippled calcification in tumor and calcification at the edge of the tumor. The histological characteristic features showed undifferentiated small cells together with islands of chondrosarcoma;there was hemangiopericytoma-like arrangement of small cells.The tumor cells were positive for CD99,NSE,Syn,CgA;The cells in chondroid matrix were positive for S-100;chondroid matrix was positive for Coll-Ⅱ. All tumor cells were negative for LCA,CD3,CD20,CD45RO,CD79a,Sarcomeric-actin,Desmin and CK7,CK19, and EMA. The patient with followed radiotherapy was alive. and the other without radiotherapy dead. Conclusion: Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of soft tissue has the characteristics of primary mesenchyme which differentiates to congenital cartilage. The pathological characteristics of bimophic pattern and roentgenographical appearance of tumor are useful for diagnosis.The prognosis is poor.

Objective To observe the changes of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in blood sugar,TC,TG,HDL C,plasma insulin,body mass index(BMI), microalbuminuria,etc before and after moderate intensity exercise training.Methods 28 patients with mean age of 59.0?7.6 years did moderate intensity exercise training for 1～1.5 hours every day for 12 month.At the same time they received the treatment of diet and oral antidiabetic drug com pared with 40 controls without exercise training. Before and after the observing period we measured the values of items above.Results Plasma glucose level , HbAlc,AUCGS(the area under the curve of glucose sugar) and BMI in fat diabetes with training team were obviously decreased compared with those before observation( P 0.05).Conclusion Exercise training can significantly descend blood sugar, insulin resistance and BMI of obese people ,improve lipidmetabolism and ascend insulin sensitivity. So the action of exercise can't be replaced by the diet and oral drug.

Objective To assess the accuracy of two-dimensional phase contrast (2D-PC) MR method for blood flow measurement within transverse sinusesby comparing this method with cine phase contrast (cine-PC) MR and Doppler in volunteers and patients. Methods (1) A total of 12 transverse sinuses were examined in 8 healthy volunteers. 2D-PC MR and cine-PC MR were used respectively to measure the transverse area of flow, the flow velocities, and the volumetric flow rates in the same position in every transverse sinus. Paired t-test was used for comparison between the results determined by 2D-PC MR and that determined by cine-PC MR. (2) A total of 6 transverse sinuses were examined in 5 patients who needed operation. 2D-PC MR was used to determine the blood flow velocity of transverse sinus before operation, and Doppler was used to determine the blood flow velocity of the same transverse sinus during operation. The linear regression analysis was used for statistical analysis. Results (1) Statistical analysis indicated that there were no significant difference among the transverse area of flow (t=-1.106, P=0.293), the flow velocities (t=0.262, P=0.798), and the volumetric flow rates (t=0.439, P=0.669) measured by using 2D-PC MR and cine PC MR, respectively. (2) The correlation between flow velocities determined by 2D-PC MR imaging before operation and that determined by Doppler during operation was in excellent agreement (=1.303x+0.62,r 2=0.88). Conclusion 2D-PC MR may be a practical convenient method for blood flow measurement within transverse sinuses system.

Objective (1) To determine the relationship between the MR signal intensity and the actual flow velocity under steady flow condition (2) to analyze the influence produced by the angle (?) between the flow direction and the velocity encoded gradient direction, and flip angle as well as section thickness on the velocity measurement under oblique flow condition (3) to develop a suitable protocol for using this method to measure volumetric flow rate in the transverse sinus system Methods Flow phantom, which simulated blood flow conditions in the transverse sinus system, consisted of a fluid filled cylinder and a bent tube with a 3 4 mm internal diameter A 1 5 T superconductive MR imager and VIGRE sequence were used for these studies A suitable protocol was based on consideration of the effects of (1) the accuracy of velocity and transverse area measurement of flow, and (2) signal to noise ratio (SNR) Results (1) Signal intensity (y) determined by MR and the actual flow velocity (x) showed straight line correlation, y=68 914x+357 206, R 2=0 998 (2) As the angle (?) increased, the transverse area of the signal determined by MR also increased, but the value of flow velocity decreased (3) As the flip angle increased, the SNR varied from 5 7 to 11 2 The maximum SNR was obtained with 30?flip angle (4) As the section thickness increased, the SNR and the transverse area of the signal determined by MR slightly increased Conclusions Phase contrast MR imaging is a practical method for measuring volumetric flow rates The angle (?) influenced the accuracy of flow velocity and the measurement of transverse area of flow whereas the flip angle and the section thickness substantially influenced the signal to noise ratio and the transverse area of flow

Objective To investigate the anatomic appearance in the region of the torcular Herophili by using MR and to evaluate its clinical significance Methods This study involved 123 healthy subjects All subjects underwent initial T 1W and T 2W MR examination in order to exclude intracranial occupying disease and vascular malformation Then, images of venous sinuses were obtained in the region of the torcular Herophili 72 of these subjects were examined with coronal 2D TOF MR venography (MRV), 44 cases were examined with coronal 3D PC angiography, and other 7 volunteers were examined with both of the two aforementioned methods Results (1) The venous drainage dominance showed mainly to the right side in 84 cases, mainly to the left side in 23 cases, equal drainage in 16 cases (2) According to the relation among the sinuses in the region of the torcular Herophili, all subjects in this study could be grouped into 4 types: Type 1, including those subjects in which a confluence of sinuses existed or the superior sagittal sinus and the straight sinus forked, and the forking of both sinuses joined to form the lateral sinuses Type 2, including those subjects in which the sagittal sinus drained into one side and the straight sinus drained into the other Type 3, including those subjects in which the superior sagittal sinus and the straight sinus joined and mainly drained into the right side Type 4, including those subjects in which the superior sagittal sinus and the straight sinus joined and mainly drained into the left side Conclusions MR angiography provides a useful method to show the anatomic features in the region of the torcular Herophili The pattern of the classification is considered important to assess the venous drainage dominance and helpful to deduce existent and/or potential collateral pathway These findings may be useful for diagnostic and operative procedure

Objective: To investigate the impact of SARS on heart initially. Methods: the clinical and laboratory data of 86 patients with SARS were collected and analyzed statistically. Results: In recovery phase, the rest heart rates in 64% of patients with SARS exceeded 90bpm, and the heart rates after mild exercises in 72.1% of patients with SARS exceeded 100bpm. Conclusion: SARS, which mainly resulted in pulmonary damage, may involve heart.

Objective To study the correlations of pelvic endometriosis cysts with pain and infertility according to the revised American Fertility Society (r-AFS) staging of endometriosis.Methods We retrospectively studied the clinical information of 258 cases patients with the ovarian endometriosis cysts who undergoing laparoscopic ovarian endometriosis cysts excision from January 2007 to December 2013.In accordance with the r-AFS,the correlation between pelvic adhesions and pain symptoms or infertility was evaluated.Results Among 258 cases with ovarian endometriosis cysts,there were 72.09％ (186/258) of patients presented pelvic pain and 16.28％ of patients presented infertility.The stages of r-AFS were that 16 cases in stage I,80 cases in stage Ⅱ,108 cases of in stage Ⅲ and 54 cases of stage Ⅳ.Also,186 cases with pain symptom,77.42％ (144/186) of patients were in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ,which was remarkably higher than that of no symptom group (25.00％ (18/72),x2 =64.017,P ＜ 0.05).Among 42 cases with infertility,there were 85.71％ (36/42) of patients were in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ,remarkably higher than of no infertility group (58.33％ (126/216),x2 =11.283,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The r-AFS stage of pelvic distribution in ovarian endometriosis cyst is closely correlated with pain symptoms and infertility.Patients in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ with pain and infertility are more significant.

Objective To explore the Chinese medicine syndrome characteristics of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Methods The papers of MCI syndrome research were reviewed and collected in China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wan Fang Data and VIP Data from January of 1990 to December of 2014.Statistical analysis was made on the Chinese medicine syndrome types and syndrome factors.SPSS 17.0 software was adopted to make cluster analysis.Combined with experts' experience,related symptoms to the syndrome factors were carried out.Results Totally 32 papers were included.Mter terminology normalization,there were 24 syndrome types of MCI.Top 5 syndromes with high frequency were syndrome of orifices confused by phlegm,syndrome of deficiency of kidney essence,syndrome of deficiency of both Qi and blood,syndrome of internal exuberance of heat toxin and syndrome of blood stasis blocking brain.In syndrome factors of disease location type,kidney and brain covered the highest proportion,30.83％ and 30.00％.In syndrome factors of disease cause and character types,Qi deficiency covered the most,16.50％.According to results of cluster analysis,combined with experts' experience,15 syndrome factors were extracted,including 69 symptoms.Conclusion Chinese medicine syndrome types of MCI were mainly syndrome of orifices confused by phlegm and syndrome of deficiency of kidney essence.The disease locations were mainly kidney and brain.The disease character was Qi deficiency.