Objective:To study the thickness distribution palatal bone in adolescents and provide a clinical reference for implanting mini-screws.Methods:Cone-beam CT head scan data of palate of 20 adolescent orthodontic patients were measured with NNT Viewer software.60 points of the palate bone on one side were designed as 1 -10 in sagittal direction and as A -F in transvers direction with incisive foramen as the point of A and 0,the distance between each 2 adjacent points was 2 mm.The bone thickness of the 60 points were measured and statistically analyzed.Results:There were no significant differences among B2,B3,C2,C3,D3,E3,E4,F4 and F5(P >0.05).Statistically significant difference was found between F3 and B2 or B3,C2,C3,D3,E3,E4,F4 and F5(P ＜0.05).There was significant difference between D3 and D4(P ＜0.05).Conclusion:The appropriate areas for implanting mini-screws in palate may be about 2 -4 mm near the palatal suture and 4 -6 mm behind incisor canal,and 8 -10 mm near the palatal su-ture,6 -8 mm behind incisor canal.Those regions are safe for implanting mini-screws and can provide about 6 mm bone tissue sup-port.

This paper introduces the characters and methods of the digitization of medium hospital. The key interface technology between HIS and PACS, HL7 and DIOCOM are also mentioned. A solution to the digitization of the medium hospital is put forward in this paper.

Objective To compare direct magnetic resonance(MR)arthrography with arthroscopy of the wrist for evaluation of injury in the triangular fibrocartilage complex(TFCC).Methods Fourteen cases with suspicion of injury of triangular fibrocartilage complex were performed with conventional MR and direct MR arthrography,10 cases were done by arthroscopy.In the direct MR arthrography,needle placement was obtained using clinical landmark under sterile technique and fluoroscopy,intra-articular injection was performed at the radius-scaphoid space with 5-7 ml 0.3%mixture of Gadolinium (0.1 mmol/L)and saline(0.3 ml Gd-DTPA+100 ml saline).The findings of MRI and MR arthrography were analyzed with results of arthroscopy.Resuits (1)Among 14 cases with injury of TFCC,there were ulnar tear in 5cases,radius tear in 4 cases,complete tear in 5 cases(included 2 cases with long term rheumatoid).(2)High signal intensity and isointensity signal of injury of TFCC were revealed on STIR or T2 WI and T1 WIrespectively,normal hypointensity signal of the TFCC was partially or completely absent.Contrast media at the ulnar insertion(5 cases with ulnar tear)or radius attachment of the TFCC(4 cases with radius tear)were seen in the MR arthrography with difierent extent,5 cases with complete tear showed contrast media at the both ulnar insertion and radius attachment of the TFCC.The findings of MR arthrography were well corresponded with results of arthroscopy on the lesion site,including ulnar tear in 3 cases,radius tear in 4cases and complete tear in 3 cases.(3)Among 14 cases with TFCC,8 cases had dislocation of radius-ulnar joint,6 cases had bone contusion of radius or ulnar,synovial reaction was also clearly depicted on conventional MRI and direct MR arthrography in all cases.Conclusion Compared with results of arthroscopy,direct MR arthrography can adequately reveal the injury of the triangular fibrocartilage complex,synovial reaction and edema changes are depicted on conventional MRI.

Objective To analyze the bacterial distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria in elderly patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) so as to provide evidence for rational use of antibiotics. Methods The clinical data of 160 elderly patients with HAP in our hospital from June 2006 to September 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. And the pathogenic characteristics and antibiotic resistance were analyzed. Results A total of 180 pathogenic bacteria were separated: 108 Gram-negative bacteria (60.0%), 48 Gram-positive bacteria (26.7%) and 24 fungi (13.3%). In Gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the major pathogen (20.5%), and Staphylococcus aureus was the most prominent in Gram-positive bacteria (11.1%).The detection rate of fungi was increased in patients with long-term use of antibiotics and broadspectrum antibiotics. The Gram-negative bacilli was resistant to third-generation cephalosporin, and extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia were resistant to penicillin, penicillin + enzyme inhibitor, cephalosporin and monobactam antibiotics. The drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was severe, but it was still sensitive to Ceftazidime. Gramnegative bacteria showed high sensitivities to Amikacin, Piperacillin + Tazobactam, Cefoperazone +Sulbactam, Imipenem and Meropenem. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) occupied 92.6% of Staphylococcal aureus. The resistance rates of Gram-positive bacteria to Azithromycin,Ciprofloxacin, Oxacillin, Ampicillin + Sulbactam were all higher than 76%, but Gram-positive bacteria showed high sensitivities to Vancomycin, Linezolid and Teicoplanin. The staphylococcal strains that were resistant to Vancomycin, Linezolid and Teicoplanin were not found. Conclusions The major pathogen of HAP in elderly patients is Gram-negative bacilli. The detection rate of ESBLs producing Escherichia coil and Klebsiella pneumonia increases annually, and the drug resistances to the above bacteria is becoming more and more serious. But they are still highly sensitive to Amikacin,Piperacillin+ Tazobactam, Cefoperazone+ Sulbactam, Imipenem and Meropenem. The appropriate antibiotics for Gram-positive bacterial infections are Vancomycin, Linezolid and Teicoplanin.

Objective To evaluate the value and limitation of MRI in the diagnosis of meningovascular neurosyphilis. Methods Five cases of neurosyphilis confirmed by clinical history/laboratory were examined with MRI (3 plain MRI, 2 enhanced MRI). The results of blood and CSF TPPA/RPR were positive and HIV was negative. Results Abnormal signals were demonstrated in the temporal lobe in 3 cases, and infarction was revealed in the basal ganglion and periventricular white matter in another 2 cases. There was no marked contrast enhancement in the 2 cases. Conclusion Meningovascular neurosyphilis has no characteristic features on MRI, but MRI is an effective method in delineating the size, range, and characters of neurosyphilis, and it is also an useful modality to follow-up after antibiotic therapy.

Objective To investigate the effect of radix paeoniae rubra (RPR) on expression of heme oxygenase (HO-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and explore its protective mechanism. Methods Forty Wistar rats were randomly and equally divided into five groups, ie, control group, LPS group, RPR treatment group, RPR prevention group and Hemin group. Arterial blood was drawn for blood gas analysis. Models of endotoxin-induced ALI were used to observe the protein content, the ratio of neutrophiles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in lung and the activities of serum NO. Expression of HO-1 and iNOS in rat lung tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and morphometry computer image analysis. The histological change of lung were observed under light microscope. Results Compared with control group, expression of HO-1 and iNOS was markedly increased (P

Objective To investigate the expressions of microRNA-21,microRNA-143,and microRNA-145 in the sera of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC),and their assessment vales in the recurrence,metastasis,and prognosis of NPC patients.Methods From January 2012 to January 2014,80 NPC patients in our hospital Department of Internal Medicine and Head and Neck Surgery was used as tumor group,80 cases of healthy volunteers as control.The real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of microRNA-21,microRNA-143,and microRNA-145 in the sera.Results Expression of microRNA-21 in NPC patients was significantly higher than that in healthy control group with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The expressions of microRNA-143 and microRNA-145 in NPC patients was significantly lower than those in healthy control group with significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).At the same time,those microRNAs were significantly associated with tissue differentiation,invasion,and metastasis.Conclusions Increased microRNA-21 expression level in NPC patients,and decreased expression of microRNA-143 and microRNA-145 in NPC patients play an important role in differentiation,invasion,and metastasis in the development process of NPC.microRNAs can be used as a new index in the auxiliary diagnosis of NPC and the evaluation of recurrence,metastasis,and prognosis evaluation.

Objective To explore effect of Simotang on gastrointestinal motility and expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) in the hypothalamus, spinal cord and duodenum of chronical stressed mice. Methods Mice were randomly divided into normal, stress and Simotang group( n= 10 in each group), and given a variety of unpredictable chronic mild stress. After 21 days gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion function were measured,the expression of VIP was detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Results Compared with mice in normal group( (49.81 ± 8.56)%; (51.02 ± 5.11 )% ), chronic stress increased gastric residual rate( (61.53 ±8.71 ) %; P ＜ 0.05 ) and reduced small intestine propulsion rate ( ( 31.79 ± 2.38 ) %; P ＜ 0. 05 ). There were differences in expressions of VIP positive cells and mRNA in duodenum( (8.8 ± 1.1 )/mm2 and(0. 58 ±0.03) ),hypothalamus ( ( 12.9 ± 1.5 )/mm2 and (0.81 ± 0. 07 ) ) and spinal cord ( ( 12.1 ± 1. 2)/mm2 and (0.76 ± 0.02) )in chronic stress group compared with normal group( (6.5 ± 0. 9)/mm2 and (0.43 ± 0. 04);( 10.8 ± 1.3 )/mm2and (0.57 ± 0.03 ); (9.3 ± 1.5 )/mm2 and (0.53 ± 0. 02 ) respectively). There was not difference in gastric residual rate (52.93 ± 9.15 )%, small intestine rate(48.98 ± 4.38 )% and expressions of VIP positive cells and mRNA in duodenum ( (6.7 ± 0.9)/mm2 and (0.48 ± 0. 05 ) ), hypothalamus ( ( 10. 6 ± 1.4 )/mm2 and ( 0. 61 ± 0. 05 ) )and spinal cord ( (9. 1 ± 1.3)/mm2 and(0.55 ± 0.05 ) ) in Simotang group compared with those in normal group (P ＞ 0.05 ), but there were decreased compared with those in chronic stress group (P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion Simotang can regulate expressions of VIP in duodenum, hypothalamusand spinal cord in chronically stressed mice.

Objective To investigate the expression of heat shock protein 27(HSP27)in esophageal squamous carcinoma,mucosa adjacent to carcinoma and normal esophageal mucosa,and its relationship with the carcinogenesis of esophageal carcinoma.Methods The expression of HSP27 was observed in 86 specimens from esophageal squamous carcinoma,86 from mucosa adjacent to carcinoma and 75 from normal esophageal mucosa by immunohistochemistry.Results The expression of HSP27 in esophageal squamous carcinomas was higher than those in mucosa adjacent to carcinoma(P ＜ 0.05);the expression of HSP27 in mucosa adjacent to carcinoma was higher than those in normal esophageal mucosa(P ＜0.001).There was no significant difference in the expression of HSP27 in esophageal squamous carcinomas with different differentiation degree(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Expression of HSP27 was associated with the carcinogenesis of esophageal squamous carcinoma.

Objective To evaluate influence of general anesthesia on postoperative cognition function in the elderly patients by using different methods and choose a better anesthesia method for elderly patients. Methods Forty elderly patients undergoing selective abdominal surgery were selected and divided into two groups: anesthesia was maintained with general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia in observe group and with general anesthesia singlely in control group. Vital signs were observed and recorded during operation and blood pressure varied within the extent of 20% of basic level. Cognition function of each patient 24 hours before and 24,48 hours after operation was e-valuated by MMSE method. Results All the patients maintained steady vital signs and there was no significant differ-ence in MMSE scores between two groups at all the time points. There were 11 cases(55% ) who had acute cognitive dysfunction in observe group and 13 cases(65%) in control group 24h after operation(P>0.05) ,5 cases(25%) in observe group and 9 cases(45%) in control group 48h after surgery(P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with single general anesthesia, general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia uses less general anesthetics and has less negative effect on postoperative cognition funetion in the elderly patients,it maybe better in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac operation.