In this study we investigated the effect of recombinant human interleukin-13 (IL-13) on the growth of human erythroleukemia cell line(HEL)-a human megakaryobiastic leukemia cell line. HEL cells were cultured in the presence or absence of IL-13. After incubation for 4 days, the cells were first counted and then stained with a direct immunofiuorescence method for flow cytometric analysis of the expression of glycoprotein(GP) Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a. In order to examine the effect of IL-13 on the proliferation of HEL cells, the immunocyte assay was used for the detection of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyurid:ine (5-Brdu) incorporated into the DNA of HEL cells after they had been cultured for 3 days. We found that the expression of GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a on IL-13 treated HEL cells was increased to a significant degree (P

Objective:To determine the changes of intramucosal pH(pHi) after severe craniocerebral injuries and the correlation to bleeding from stress ulceration. Methods:Nineteen cases of severe head trauma patients were enrolled, their pHi were determined at different time point with tonometry. The pH of gastric juice and plasma gastrin concentrations were monitored for 7 days. Results:Five cases(bleeding group) developed stress ulcer bleeding. On admission, the pHi were not significantly different in the non bleeding group, but the differences between two groups at 12 hours, 24 hours, the 3rd day, the 5th day, the 7th day after admission were significant, pHi in the bleeding group was statistically lower than non bleeding group. The pH values of gastric juice and the plasma gastrin concentrations were not different significantly between two groups during each therapeutic periods. Conclusion:Bleeding group had significantly lower pHi than non bleeding group during the therapeutic periods. pHi was predictive for bleeding from stress ulceration after severe craniocerebral injury.

AIM:To investigate the relevance of the proliferation of megakaryocytic cell line-HEL stimulated by the recombinant human interleukin-13 (IL-13) to the expression of pro-oncogene c-mpl in HEL cells. METHODS: MTT colorimetric assay and reverse transcrition polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) are separately used in this study to observe the effect on the proliferation of HEL cells and the expression of c-mpl mRNA in HEL cells by rhIL-13. RESULTS: RhIL-13 stimulated the proliferation of HEL cells and upregulated the expression of c-mpl mRNA in HEL cells. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that rhIL-13 stimulated the proliferation of HEL cells and provide the evidence that its mechanism is partly because of increasing the pro-oncogene c-mpl expression in HEL cells.

Objective To observe the changes of body weight,fat mass and skeletal muscle mass of rats after 4 weeks of intermittent fasting,and explore relationship with autophagy in skeletal muscle,so as to provide theoretical basis for intermittent fasting.Method Twenty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (Con) and an intermittent fasting group (IF),each of 10.The rats of IF group were forbidden to eat food every Wednesday and Friday,and the body weight of both groups was recorded weekly.After 4 weeks,Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorption (DEXA) was used to analyze the body fat mass,then the bilateral soleus was separated to record the wet weight and measure the cross-sectional area of the soleus fibers by testing laminin with immunofluorescence confocal laser scanning microscope.The form of autophagic vacuole of soleus was observed using a transmission electron microscopy.The expression of autophagy-related protein LC3,p62 and regulating protein AMPK,pAMPK and ULK1 were measured using Western blotting.Result After 4 weeks of intermittent fasting,the weight and fat mass of IF were significantly lower than those of Con (P＜0.01),but there were no significant differences between them in wet weight and cross-sectional area of soleus (P＞0.05).The expressions of AMPK,p-AMPK,ULK1 in IF were significantly higher than those in Con (P＜0.01).Compared with Con,the expression of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ of IF increased significantly,while the expression of p62 decreased significantly (P＜0.01).Conclusion Four weeks of intermittent fasting decreases the fat mass significantly,and control the weight efficiently.Intermittent fasting can maintain the skeletal muscle mass by promoting moderate autophagy through the AMPK-ULK1 pathway.It should be a potential lose weight method for further research.

Objective To investigate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori)infection and gastric metaplasia in the duodenal bulb and to pursue whether they play critical roles in pathogenesis of duodenitis and ulcer.Methods Eighty-two archive paraffin blocks of duodenal biopsy were obtained. All sections were stained with H-E, AB/PAS and Giemsa stains for histology, gastric metaplasia and H. pyloriassessment. There were 10 patients with normal duodenum, 47 with duodenitis and 25 with ulcer confirmed by endoscopy. Results There was a discrepancy in diagosis of the normal duodenal bulb mucosa between endoscopy and histopathology. Mild to moderate infiltration of inflammatory cell without gastric metaplasia were detected in 60% of cases with the normal duodenal bulb mucosa judged by endoscopy. Gastric metaplasia in duodenal bulb was the major phenomena in the patients with duodenitis and ulcer (37/82, 45%). H. pyloriinfection in the duodenal bulb always appeared in areas of gastric metaplasia. H. pyloriwas identified in 28 out of 37 (76%) cases in the gastric metaplasia mucosa. The prevalence of gastric metaplasia in the duodenal bulb between the patients with ulcer (72%) and duodenitis (40%) was significantly different (P=0.0078). The frequency of H. pyloricolonization was higher in the patients with duodenal ulcer (89%) than the patients with duodenitis (63%), but did not reach statistical significance(P=0.062). H. pyloriinfection was also higher in the ulcer patients with active, healed or scar stage, being 9/10, 5/6 and 2/2, respectively. Conclusions There is a difference in the frequency of H. pyloricolonization in the gastric metaplasia mucosa in the patients with ulcer and duodenitis, which suggests that infection with H. pylorimay play an important role in ulcer recurrence.

Objective To evaluate the changes and clinical significance of CD+4CDHi25CDLo127 regulatory T cell(Treg) in peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer. Methods 30 patients with lung cancer and 20 heathy volunteers were included in this study. The proportion of Treg population in CD4+ T cells stained with three colors was analysed by flow cytometry. The serum level of IL-10 and TGF-β were measured by ELISA. Results The proportion of Treg in patients with squamous cell careinoma(n=20), adenocarcinoma (n=10) were all significantly higher than that of healthy controls (P <0.05), but there was not obvious difference between the two groups with different pathological types(P0.05). Increased serum level of IL-10 and TGF-β was also detected in lung cancer patients. Conclusion The proportion of Treg is increased in lung cancer patients, which may result in the inhibition of host anti-cancer immune response by excreting IL-10 and TGF-β.

Objective:To explore the relationship between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/dele‐tion (I/D) polymorphism and familial essential hypertension (EH) .Methods :Fluorescent in situ hybridization stai‐ning DNA sequencing test was used to detect ACE gene I/D genotype frequency and allele frequency in 46 familial EH patients (familial EH group) ,64 EH patients without family history (non‐familial EH group) and 43 healthy people (healthy control group) .Results:In healthy control group ,non -familial EH group ,familial EH group ACE gene DD genotype frequency was 11.6% ,32.3% and 37.0% ;distribution frequency of D allele was 33.7% , 52.3% and 57.6% respectively .Compared with healthy control group ,there were significant rise in ACE gene DD genotype and D allele frequency in familial EH group and non -familial EH group (P<0.05 or <0.01) ,but there were no significant difference between familial EH group and non‐familial EH group (P>0.05) .Conclusion:ACE gene DD genotype and D allele may be genetic predisposing genes of patients with essential hypertension ,and there is no significant difference in genetic constituent ratio between familial EH patients and non‐familial EH patients .

Objective To assess the local anatomy of the Jing Bi with high-frequency ultrasound, and to evaluate the clinical significance of high-frequency ultrasound in acupuncture. Methods A total of 206 healthy subjects were observed with the high-frequency ultrasound. Two common location points of Jing Bi were selected and acupunctured under guidance of high-frequency ultrasound. The sensation of subjects was observed. Brachial plexus diameter, distance between skin and membrana pleuralis, as well as the brachial plexus and the pleura were measured. Results The filiform needle tip to lung, lung tissue and the brachial plexus were all showed, and the brachial plexus diameter, distance between skin and membrana pleuralis, the distance between the brachial plexus and the pleura were obtained. The patients felt when the needle reached the membrane of brachial plexus. All subjects got feeling within 10 seconds after acupuncture, and no pneumothorax occurred. Conclusion The local anatomy of dangerous acupoints can be accurately observed with high-frequency ultrasound. High-frequency ultrasound has important value and significance for acupuncturing the dangerous acupoints.

Objective To evaluate the short -term efficacy and adverse reactions of gemcitabin combined with nedaplatin to patients with metastatic triple -negative breast cancer after taxane and/or anthracycline treatment. Methods Thirty -three patients with anthracycline and/or taxane -resistant metastatic triple -negative breast cancer received gemcitabin and nedaplatin regimen:gemcitabin 1 000 mg/m2,d1,8 days,intravenous;nedaplatin 80mg/m2,d1,intravenous.Treatments were repeated every 21 days and response rate was evaluated every two cycles. Results Of 33 patients, complete remission ( CR) in 1 case ( 3.03%), partial remission ( PR) in 13 cases (39.39%),stable disease(SD) in 11 cases(33.33%),progressive disease(PD) in 8 cases(24.24%),objective response rate was 42.42%.The main adverse reaction was bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal reaction. Conclusion Combination therapy of gemcitabin and nedaplatin is an effective and well tolerated rescue regimen in anthracycline and/or taxane -resistant metastatic triple -negative breast cancer patients.

Objective:The effects of IL-13 ( Interleukin-13 ) on SDF-1 ( Stromal cell derived factor 1 ) and EGF ( Epidermal growth factor) expression in fibroblasts co-cultured with breast cancer cells were investigated to explore the mechanism for IL-13 in the development of breast cancer.Methods:The co-culture of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 with the human skin fibroblast line CCC-ESF-1 ( ESF) was used in vitro and in tumor-burdened nude mice.The effects of IL-13 on SDF-1 and EGF expression in the co-cultured fibroblasts in vitro were analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction ( RT-qPCR ) , flow cytometry and Western blot assay.The proliferation of the co-cultured human breast cancer cells in vitro was detected by Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8).The effects of IL-13 on SDF-1 and EGF expression in the fibroblasts of tumor tissue of tumor-burdened nude mice were analyzed using immunofluorescence and laser confocal microscope, and the tumor volumes were examined.Results: IL-13 could up-regulate SDF-1 and EGF expression in the fibroblasts co-cultured with breast cancer cells in vitro,and promoted the proliferation of the co-cultured breast cancer cells.In tumor-burdened nude mice,IL-13 enhanced SDF-1 and EGF expression of fibroblasts in tumor tissue, and accelerated tumor growth.Conclusion:IL-13 up-regulates SDF-1 and EGF expression of fibroblasts co-cultured with breast cancer cells.The molecular mechanism of promoting effect of IL-13 on breast cancer relates to SDF-1 and EGF of fibroblasts in breast cancer stroma.