AIM:To investigate the immune depressive effect on the reactive T cells and to explore the immunologic injury mechanism of beta cells of islet in type 1 diabetes mellitus(DM-1).METHODS:pAd5/PD-L1-GPI adenovirus vector with target gene was constructed and transfected into NIT cells which are known as a mouse insuloma cell line.The highly expressed membrane protein of PD-L1-GPI was confirmed by Western blotting.The peripheral blood non-adherence lymph leukocytes and target cells were cultured to detect lymph leukocyte proliferation and the T cell function.The level of IL-2,TNF-? and IFN-? were detected in the cell culture fluid.RESULTS:Compared with the control group,the NIT cells modified with PD-L1-GPI inhibited the sensitized lymph leukocyte proliferation effectively and down-regulated the level of some cytokine secretions such as IL-2,IFN-? and TNF-?(P

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the curative effects,adverse drug reactions(ADRs)and cost—effectiveness of 3 kinds of nitroimidazole drugs for treatment of trichomonal vaginitis.METHODS:111 cases of trichomonal vaginitis were randomly divided into 3 groups,administered with metronidazol(group A),tinidazole (group B),and ornidazol(group C)respectively,the curative effects and ADRs were observed and cost-effectiveness analysis was made in all groups.RESULTS:The costs in 3 groups were 0.74 yuan,33.6 yuan and 41.2 yuan respectively.The cure rates were 59.4%,81.6%and 97.2%,respectively.The cost-effectiveness ratios were 0.01,0.41,and 0.42 respectively.The increment cost -effectiveness ratios in group B and C were 1.48 and 1.07,as compared with group A.The occurrences of ADRs were 62.2%,18.4%,and11.1%respectively.CONCLUSION:Among 3 regimes,regime C is the preferred one.

Objective To observe the changes of body weight,fat mass and skeletal muscle mass of rats after 4 weeks of intermittent fasting,and explore relationship with autophagy in skeletal muscle,so as to provide theoretical basis for intermittent fasting.Method Twenty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (Con) and an intermittent fasting group (IF),each of 10.The rats of IF group were forbidden to eat food every Wednesday and Friday,and the body weight of both groups was recorded weekly.After 4 weeks,Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorption (DEXA) was used to analyze the body fat mass,then the bilateral soleus was separated to record the wet weight and measure the cross-sectional area of the soleus fibers by testing laminin with immunofluorescence confocal laser scanning microscope.The form of autophagic vacuole of soleus was observed using a transmission electron microscopy.The expression of autophagy-related protein LC3,p62 and regulating protein AMPK,pAMPK and ULK1 were measured using Western blotting.Result After 4 weeks of intermittent fasting,the weight and fat mass of IF were significantly lower than those of Con (P＜0.01),but there were no significant differences between them in wet weight and cross-sectional area of soleus (P＞0.05).The expressions of AMPK,p-AMPK,ULK1 in IF were significantly higher than those in Con (P＜0.01).Compared with Con,the expression of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ of IF increased significantly,while the expression of p62 decreased significantly (P＜0.01).Conclusion Four weeks of intermittent fasting decreases the fat mass significantly,and control the weight efficiently.Intermittent fasting can maintain the skeletal muscle mass by promoting moderate autophagy through the AMPK-ULK1 pathway.It should be a potential lose weight method for further research.

Objective To investigate the effects of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate on liver regeneration and hepatic function following partial hepatectomy in thioacetamide induced cirrhotic rats.MethodsForty-five cirrhotic Wistar rats undergoing 2/3 hepatectomy were randomly assigned to control group ( Group A), Group B and Group C starting the day of hepatectomy, rats in Group B were injected 60mg per kg body-weight magnesium isoglycyrrhizina daily intraperitoneally until the day of sacrifice. Rats in Group A recevied same dose of sodium chloride. In Group C, magnesium isoglycyrrhizina was administered daily 3 days before hepatectomy until the rats were sacrificed. Liver function, serum HGF, serum PLA2,BrdU labelling index and percentage of intial liver weight on days 1, 2 and 7 post hepatectomy were assessed. ResultsRats in Group A had significantly lower BrdU labelling index and serum HGF level than Group C ( t = 2. 831, P ＜ 0.05; t = 3.427, P ＜ 0.05 ) and a markedly higher level of serum PLA2 than the other groups on day 1 posthepatectomy ( Group B t = 2. 794, P ＜ 0.05; Group C t = 2. 902, P ＜ 0.05 ).Rats in Group A had a lower BrdU labelling index and a more increased level of serum PLA2 than Group B and Group C on day 2 posthepatectomy ( BrdU labelling index: Group B t = 2. 736, P ＜ 0.05; Group C t =3.083, P＜0.05; PLA2: Group B t =2.794, P＜0.05; Group C t =2.902, P＜0.05), but had no significant difference in HGF level with the other two groups. The three groups were similar in ALT, AST,TP and intial liver weight on days 1,2 after operation. On the 7th day posthepatectomy, rats in Group A had a higher level of AST ( Group B t = 4. 508, P ＜ 0.05; Group C t = 2. 967, P ＜ 0.05 ) and a lower level of TP ( Group B t = 2. 838, P ＜ 0.05; Group C t = 2. 743, P ＜ 0.05 ), lower liver weight than the other two groups ( Group B t = 3.316, P ＜ 0.05; Group C t = 4. 093, P ＜ 0.05) but there was no difference between the three groups in BrdU labelling index, HGF and PLA2 level. Rats in Group C had significantly higher BrdU labelling index and serum HGF level than the rats in Group B on day 1 after hepatectomy( t = 2. 831, P ＜0.05; t = 2. 836, P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsMagnesium isoglycyrrhizinate inhibits aminopherase release and enhancing liver regeneration in cirrhotic rats after partial hepatectomy.

Objective To investigate the expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in liver cancer and its clinical significance. Methods The specimens of liver cancer tissues, adjacent tissues, cirrhotic tissues and chronic hepatitis tissues were collected from 50 patients who received radical resection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from July 2007 to April 2008. The mRNA and protein expressions of DNMT1,DNMT3a and DNMT3b in liver cancer tissues, adjacent tissues, cirrhotic tissues and chronic hepatitis tissues were detected by real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical staining. The mRNA expression of DNMTs in the liver cancer tissues was compared with those in the adjacent tissues, cirrhotic tissues and chronic hepatitis tissues by using t test and Mann-Whitney U test. The correlation between the protein expression of DNMTs in the liver cancer tissue and the clinicopathological features was analyzed by chi-square test or Fisher exact test, and the tumor-free survival time was analyzed by using Kaplan-Meier method and the difference in tumor-free survival rate between different patients was analyzed by Log-rank test. Results The mRNA expressions of DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b in the liver cancer tissue were 2.57, 2.29 and 4.86 times higher than those in the adjacent tissues (t = 3.94, 2. 72, 4. 06, P ＜ 0.05 ). The mRNA expressions of DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b were 2.38,2.14 and 4.66 times higher than those in the cirrhotic tissues, and 6.12, 4.58 and 12.99 times higher than those in the chronic hepatitis tissues. The mRNA expressions of DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b in the liver cancer tissue were significantly higher than those in the cirrhotic tissues and chronic hepatitis tissues ( U = 587.5,730. 0,562.5; 65.5, 64.5, 71.0, P ＜ 0.05). The protein expression of DNMT1 was correlated with the size, number,TNM stages and vascular invasion of tumors ( x2 = 4.08, 5.95, 4.08, P ＜ 0.05 ). The protein expression of DNMT3a was correlated with the size, number and TNM stages of tumors (x2 = 4.08, 5.95, 4.08, P ＜ 0.05 ).The mean tumor recurrence time of patients with low expressions of DNMT1 and DNMT3a were 9.4 and 8.7 months, which were significantly longer than 5.0 and 3.2 months of those with high expressions of DNMT1 and DNMT3a (x2 =3.89, 9.91, P＜0.05). Conclusions DNMTs play an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis.High expressions of DNMT1 and DNMT3a are correlated with the postoperative recurrence of liver cancer, which are valuable prognostic factors for liver cancer.

Objective To determine the relationship between cigarette smoking and the incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus.Methods Database including Cochrane Library,Pubmed,OVID and Elsevier were electronically searched to collect case-control and cohort studies on the relationship between cigarette smoking and incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus.The literatures were screened and the data were extracted independently according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.The quantitative analysis were performed by using Stata 12.0 software.Results The pooled OR values (95％ confidence interval)of current smoking and ever smoking were 1.82 (95％CI 1.42～2.34) and 1.22 (95％CI 0.96～1.56) respectively.Conclusions Our Meta-analysis revealed a moderate but statistically significant association between current smoking and development of systemic lupus erythematosus.However,it is still not confirmed whether the past smoking is one of the risk factors of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective To explore the effect of intravenous infusion flow rebuilt on the patients’safety and nursing quality in intravenous infusion center.Methods Risk safety factors about intravenous infusion process in intravenous infusion center were analyzed and the work flow were rebuilt and optimized?The satisfaction rate,the reception time and the disinfection time for tourniquets were compared before and after work flow rebuilt.Results After work flow rebuilt,the satisfaction rate raised from 92?5%to 94?5%?There were significant differences among the reception time and the disinfection time for tourniquets before and after work flow rebuilt (all P<0?05)?After work flow rebuilt,both the reception time and the time for dealing with tourniquets are shorter than before. Conclusions The rebuilt work flow can make nurses work efficiently and enhance the patients’nursing quality?

BACKGROUND:Metabolic syndrome greatly harms the human body, and is affected by many factors. Through constructing diet-induced animal models, we can better analyze the relationship between nutritional factor and metabolic syndrome, and provide reliable references for the clinical treatment of this disorder. OBJECTIVE:To construct obese mouse models with high-fat diet feeding and discuss the relationship between nutritional factor and metabolic syndrome. METHODS:Thirty mice were selected and randomly divided into model group (n=20) and control group (n=10), and were fed with high-fat and normal animal feeds for 10 consecutive weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, after 1 week of feeding with high-fat animal feeds, body weight of mice in the model group raised, and differences gradualy increased with the feeding time increased. After 8 weeks of feeding, body mass index of mice in the model group significantly raised (P < 0.05). After 4 weeks of feeding, fasting venous blood glucose level of mice in the model group significantly raised, and showed a gradual rise trend with feeding time. After 5 weeks of feeding, fasting insulin level of mice in the model group also began to rise. The oral glucose tolerance test showed that mice in the model group showed a gradual downward trend of glucose tolerance with feeding time. After 8 weeks of feeding, serum levels of total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in the model group significantly raised (P < 0.05). After 10 weeks of feeding, serum levels of triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in the model group raised (P< 0.05). The results demonstrate that obese mouse models were successfuly constructed with high-fat diet feeding, which can simulate the natural progression of metabolic syndrome in human, moreover, the nutritional factor is closely related to metabolic syndrome.

Objective To evaluate risk factors of hepatectomy for patients with large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Clinical data of 310 large HCC cases receiving hepatctomy were analyzed retrospectively. Results Hepatitis B infection rate was 60.7% in this group with cirrhosis rate of 66.8%. Tumor size averaged at (9.4?3.8) cm in diameter. Child A grade was found in 51.0% of cases, Child B in 36.8% and Child C in 12.3%. Pringle′s procedure, semi-liver blood occlusion and modified Heaney procedure were used in 31.6%, 11.0% and 2.3% of cases respectively, with occlusion time of ( 17?8) min, (25?9) min and (20?10) min, respectively. Left lateral lobectomy, left hemihepatectomy, right hemihepatectomy and segmentectomy were performed in 17.1%, 11.6%, 9.0%, and 62.3% cases, respectively. Blood loss, blood transfusion and operation duration were (820?1 151) ml, (966?945) ml and (182?74) min, respectively. The overall morbidity and liver failure were 22.3%, and 5.8%, respectively, with an operative mortality of 2.6%. The univariate analysis for liver failure revealed its risk factors being preoperative AST value(P

Objective To investigate the changes of serum diamine oxidase(DAO) levels in patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) and their relationship with computed tomography severity index(CTSI) score and gastrointestinal dysfunction.Methods A total of 60 SAP patients were recruited into group SAP,the other 40 healthy people were recruited into control group,DAO,lactic acid,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),intestinal trilobites factor(ITF),cream ball epidermal growth factor 8(MFG-E8) were compared in the two groups.Results DAO,lactic acid,TNF-α in SAP group with onset within 72 hours were(3.09±1.33)U/mL,(928.50±69.37)ng/mL and (269.41±31.85)pg/mL,which were significantly higher than(1.20±0.58)U/mL,(311.64±38.25)ng/mL and (38.24 ± 3.03)pg/mL in the control group,the differences were statistical significant(P<0.05).The serum levels of ITF,MFG-E8 in SAP group were(3.60±0.35)ng/mL,(81.49±27.32)pg/mL,which were significant lower than(4.39±0.26)ng/mL,(234.17±49.08)pg/mL in the control group,the differences were statistical significant(P<0.05).In the SAP group,the serum levels of DAO showed significant positive correlations with D-lactate,TNF-α levels,CTSI score,APACHEⅡ score,gastrointestinal dysfunction score(P<0.05),but had significant negative correlation with ITF,MFG-E8(P<0.05).Conclusion Serum DAO level evaluated significantly in patients with SAP,and closely related to the severity of the disease and the dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract.