Objective: To plan the future for the establishment and development of health econometrics in China. Methods: To analyze the main current situation of the research on domestic and oversea health econometrics, and to look into the prospective future of its application field of public health in China. Results: Overseas studies on health economics have been relatively mature and extended to generate health econometrics as the independent discipline. However, the research on health economics in China is lagging, and on health econometrics even vacant. Conclusion: The results from foreign studies have revealed that this new discipline plays a unique and significant role in medical health research. Health econometrics occupies broad application prospect in the field of public health in China, which should be paid more attention and support.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of retrograde preparation by using slow-speed handpiece or by ultrasonic tips.Methods:Forty-eight extracted premolars were inspected with Scanning Electron Microscope for the minimum dentine thickness recorded after preparation of root-end cavities by low-speed handpiece and ultrasonic instrument respectively.Results:By using slow-speed handpiece,the minimum dentine thickness recorded after the preparation of root-end cavities was 0.15 mm;whereas that was 0.82 mm and 0.76 mm by ultrasonic instrument with S12 9D and S12 9 respectively(handpiece vs ultrosonic instrument,P

Objective To explore the effect of motor imagery on motor recovery in hemiplegic patients after stroke. Methods From May, 2015 to October, 2016, 40 hemiplegic patients after stroke were randomly divided into control group (accepted routine rehabilitation, n=20) and motor imagery group (accepted motor imagery and routine rehabilitation, n=20). They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assess-ment (FMA), modified Barthel Index (MBI) before and six weeks after treatment. Fractional anisotropy (FA) of the focus was measured with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Results The scores of FMA and MBI improved in both groups after treatment (t>5.088, P<0.001), and improved more in the motor imagery group than in the control group (t>2.124, P<0.05). The FA reduced in the focus compared with the same site of unaffected side in both groups before treatment (t>3.892, P<0.01), and there was no significant difference between two groups (t<1.144, P>0.05). FA increased in more patients of the motor imagery group (5/5) than in the control group (2/4). Conclusion Motor imag-ery can promote the recovery of motor function and activities of daily living in stroke patients, and may help the recovery of fibers in white matter.

Objective To survey ST-segment resolution in STEMI patients undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and to find the specific clinical features of patients with inadequate ST-segment resolution.Methods A total of 198 patients were divided into two groups according to the ratio of ST-segment resolution:relatively adequate ST-segment resolution group (＞ 50％) and inadequate STsegment resolution group (＜ 50％).The clinical features,infarct-related artery and PCI-related evants were evaluated,and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE including target vessel revascularization,recurrent myocardial infarction,or death) were recorded during hospitalization and follow-up period.Multivariate logistic analysis was used to identify relevant factors influencing ST-segment resolution of STEMI patients after treatment with PCI.The Statistical analyses of data were carried out using SPSS 10.0 software.Results (1) There were 156 patients with relativey adequate ST-segment resolution and 42 patients with inadequate ST-segment resolution.Of them,there were higher percentage of patients aged over 75years in the inadequate ST-segment resolution group than those in the relatively adequate ST-segment resolution group (9 cases,21.4％ vs.14 cases,9.0％ ; P ＜0.05).(2) In inadequate ST-segment resolution group,thetotal ischemic time was significant longer [(5.2 ±2.2) h vs.(3.0 ± 1.6) h,P ＜0.01].The infarctrelated artery (IRA) was more common at left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) (27 cases,64.3％ vs.69 cases,44.2％; P ＜ 0.05) and there were fewer patients with TIM grade 3 of IRA in inadequate ST-segment resolution group after primary PCI than that in relative adequate ST-segment resolution group (32 cases,76.2％ vs.140 cases,89.7％ ; P ＜ 0.05).There was a lower rate of using GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a receptor antagonist and a higher rate of prescribing IABP in inadequate ST-segment resolution group.(3) There is a higher incidence of MACE during hospitalization and follow-up period in patients with inadequate ST-segment resolution.(4) Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that age over 75 years,LAD occlusion,the total ischemic time were related to ST-segment resolution.Conclusions The patients with age over 75 years,LAD occlusion,longer ischemia time,and unemployment GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a receptor antagonist before PCI were prone to get inadequate ST-segment resolution and poor prognosis.Age over 75 years,LAD occlusion,and longer ischemic time were independent risk factors of the inadequate ST-segment resolution in STEMI patients after emergency PCI.

BACKGROUND:Poststroke depression is one of the most common psychological behavior disorders after stroke and its mechanism remains unclear. Studies have suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in neurogenesis and synaptogenesis may play an important role in psychology diseases. OBJECTIVE:To observe the expression of miR-137 in the blood and brain of poststroke depression rats and its effect on the behaviors of rats. METHODS:Thirty-six rats were equal y divided into six groups:control, model, agomir-137, agomir-NC, agomir-137+Grin2A and agomir-137+vector groups. Control group had no treatment. Poststroke depression models were established by ligation of middle cerebral artery and chronic mild stimulation in the latter four groups fol owed by receiving an injection of nothing, agomir-137, agomir-NC, LV-CMV-Grin2A or control plasmids into the left lateral ventricle, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:We found significantly lower miR-137 levels in the brain and peripheral blood of post-stroke depression rats compared with normal rats. Vertical scores and horizontal scores on the behavior test were significantly higher in the agomir-137 group than the agomir-NC and model groups at 3 weeks after cerebral ischemia;while, sucrose consumption percentage was also higher in the agomir-137 group at the end of 2 weeks after cerebral ischemia. Luciferase assays showed miR-137 bound to the 3’ UTR of Grin2A, regulating Grin2A expression in a neuronal cel line. Grin2A gene overexpression in the brain of post-stroke depression rats noticeably suppressed the inhibitory effect of miR-137 on post-stroke depression. Overal , these findings show that miR-137 suppresses Grin2A protein expression through binding to Grin2A mRNA, thereby exerting an inhibitory effect on post-stroke depression and offering a new therapeutic target for poststroke depression.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the curative effect and mechanism of allo-bone marrow mes-enchymal stem cell(BM-MSC)infusion in the experimental autoimmune thyroiditis(EAT)mouse model. METHODS An EAT mouse model was established in C57BL/ 6 mice using porcine thyroglobulin(PTg) and Freund adjuvant,while BM-MSCs were injected into the EAT mice of BM-MSC treated group,3×105 per mouse on the 0,7th,14th and 21st day. On the 28th day,all the mice were sacrificed,and thyroid tissue was isolated,embedded in paraffin and stained with HE staining for histological examination. Serum was collected to assess the level of thyroglobulin antibodies( TgAb ) ,thyroid microsomal autoantibodies( TmAb),antithyroid peroxidase antibodies( TPOAb),3,5,3 ',5 '-tetraiodothyronine (TT4),3,5,3 '-triiodothyronine( TT3),interleukin-10( lL-10) and interferon-γ( lFN-γ ). RESULTS① Thyroid tissue in model group showed inflammatory response and infiltration. The level of TmAb, TgAb and TPOAb was significantly increased compared with normal control group,but the level of TT4 was decreased while there was no change in the level of TT3,suggesting that an EAT mouse model was established. ② The thyroid in model group and BM-MSC treated group showed inflammatory response and inflammatory cell infiltration,but the response in BM-MSC treated group was weaker than in model group. ③ Compared with model group,the level of TgAb,TmAb,TPOAb and lFN-γ was decreased obvi-ously(P﹤0.05),the level of TT4 and lL-10 was increased significantly(P﹤0.05),but the level of TT3 changed little in BM-MSC treated group. CONCLUSION BM-MSCs may partly restore the immunologi-cal homeostasis state. The mechanism may be related to its modulation of immune balance of Th1/ Th2.

Objective To explore the impacts of over-expression of microRNA-7 (miRNA-7) on the sensitivity of cis-platin in esophageal carcinoma cell line TE-1, and the possible mechanism thereof. Methods Lipofectmin 2000 method was used to transient transfect with miRNA-7 mimic into esophageal cancer cell line TE-1, which was taken as transfection group, mimic negative control was taken as transfection conrtol group. The expressions of miRNA-7 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA were detected by RT-PCR in the above two groups and normal control group. The total EGFR and EGFR in cytoplasmic and nucleus were detected with Western blot assay in transfection group and transfection control group. CCK-8 was used to detect IC50 of cisplatin in transfection group and transfection control group. The expression of EGFR was observed with immunofluorescence confocal microscope in two groups. Results The miRNA-7 expression was signifi-cantly increased in transfection group than that of transfection conrtol group and control group. The expression of EGFR mRNA was significantly reduced in transfection group (P<0.001). The total EGFR was significantly decreased in transfec-tion group than that of transfection conrtol group. The level of nuclear EGFR was significantly increased ( P<0.01),and cyto-plasm EGFR expression was significantly decreased in transfection group than that of transfection control group ( P<0.05). CCK-8 results showed that after the over expression of miRNA-7 in TE-1, the IC50 of cisplatin (48 h) increased in transfec-tion group than that of control group (P<0.01). Immunofluorescence results showed that EGFG in nuclear was higher in transfection group than that of transfection control group but its expressions reduced in cell membrane and cytoplasm. Con-clusion The over-expressed miRNA-7 in esophageal cancer cells TE-1 can reduce cisplatin sensitivity by the increased EGFR in nuclear translocation.

Aim To investigate the influence of total fl avones of buckwheat flower (TFBF) on the productivity of the non-enzymatic advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in vivoand vitro. Methods TFBF in different dosages (0.1 g?kg -1?d -1,0.2 g?kg -1?d -1,0.4 g?kg -1?d -1) was taken orally by streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for 12 wk. After the treatment, blood glucose, fructosamine and AGEs in plasma and kidney were measured. Meanwhile, glucose and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were incubated with TFBF at different concentrations (0.01 mg?L -1,0.05 mg?L -1,0.10 mg?L -1) respectively for 4,8,12 wk.The fluorescence intensity of glycated BSA was detected by a spectrophotometer BSA was detected spectrophotometer.Results TFBF significantly lowered the level of blood glucose in diabetic rats (P

Embryonic stem cell is promising for regenerative medicine. However, its application is hampered by the utilization of eggs in most established methods. Recently, a new pluripotent stem cell establishing method was reported that, mouse and human differentiated cells could be induced reprogrammed into a pluripotent state by expressing exogenetic stem factors such as Oct4, Sox2, et al, through retroviral transduction. This approach avoiding egg use is a great breakthrough not only in stem cell technology but also present theory hypothesis of reprogramming. Here these works were reviewed in this article. Both the mechanism of induced reprogramming and the prospects of induced pluripotent stem cells were discussed.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Reprogramming ; drug effects ; genetics ; Humans ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3 ; metabolism ; Pluripotent Stem Cells ; cytology ; Retroviridae ; genetics ; SOXB1 Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Transduction, Genetic